Soybean seeds quality under different levels of vigor and fertilizing supplying

The aims to evaluate the soybean seeds quality in response to the vigor level of seeds and the fertilizing distribution system in the sowing row. The experimental design was random blocks organized in factorial scheme, being two growing environments (Passo Fundo – RS and Ernestina – RS) x three vigor levels classified as high, medium and low (90%, 70% and 60% vigor, respectively) x three fertilizing distribution systems (no distribution, conventional and overflow), and the treats disposed in four replicates. The measured characters were thousand seeds mass, germination, accelerated aging, electric conductivity, viability and vigor, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry matter and field emergency. Vigor and physiologic quality of produced seeds are intimately related to characteristic of environment of production and vigor level of used seeds. Elevated physiologic potential are obtained in seeds produced in specifically using seeds with high vigor independent of the fertilizer distribution system.

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Produksi Jerami Arbila (Phaseolus Lunatus L) Pascapanen Akibat Penambahan Level Bokashi Feses Sapi dan Chromolaena yang Berbeda

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis ◽

10.33772/jitro.v7i3.11304 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Bernadete Barek Koten ◽

Yukendi A Sufmera ◽

Agustinus Semang ◽

Redempta Wea ◽

Melkianus Dedimus Same Randu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Phaseolus Lunatus ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Matter Production ◽

Different Levels

ABSTRAKArbila merupakan legume pakan yang jeraminya merupakan pakan hijauan yang berkualitas bagi ruminansia, dan produksi jeraminya ditentukan oleh kualitas tanah. Level bokashi yang ditambahkan mempengaruhi kualitas tanah, yang tentu berdampak pada produksi jerami arbila. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produksi jerami arbila pasca panen akibat pemberian level bokashi yang berbeda. Penelitian tersebut telah dilaksanakan selama 5 bulan di Desa Noelbaki. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, terdiri atas P0 = tanpa bokashi (kontrol), P10 = penambahan bokashi 10 ton/ha, P20 = bokashi 20 ton/ha, P30 = bokashi 30 ton/ha, P40 = bokashi 40 ton/ha. Variabel yang diamati adalah produksi bahan segar jerami (PBSJ) (ton/ha), produksi bahan kering jerami (PBKJ), produksi bahan organik jerami (PBOJ) arbila. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis varians dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil analisis varians menunjukkan bahwa level pemberian pupuk bokashi berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap PBSJ arbila serta berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap PBKJ dan PBOJ arbila. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui rataan PBSJ arbila berkisar 0,46-2,52 ton/ha, PBKJ arbila berkisar 0,07-0,18 ton/ha, dan PBOJ arbila berkisar 0,04-0,16 ton/ha. Hasil uji Duncan menunjukkan bahwa nilai PBSJ, PBKJ dan PBOJ arbila tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P40. Disimpulkan bahwa semakin meningkatnya level bokashi Chromolaena dan feses sapi, produksi jerami arbila semakin tinggi. Level bokashi feses sapi dan Chromolaena terbaik adalah 40 ton/ha.Kata kunci: arbila, bokashi, jerami, hijauan ABSTRACTArbila’s straw is a quality feed for ruminants. Production of these straw is determined by soil quality. The level of bokashi added influences the quality of the soil and therefore influences the straw production. This research aimed to evaluate arbila’s straw production post-harvest in different levels of bokashi. This research was carried out for 5 months at Noelbaki. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications consisting of P0 = without bokashi (control), P10 = addition of 10 tons of bokashi / ha, P20 = 20 tons of bokashi / ha, P30 = 30 tons of bokashi / ha, P40 = bokashi 40 tons / ha. The observed variables were the straw fresh weight production (SFW) (tons/ha), straw dry matter production (SDM) (tons/ha), straw organik matter production (SOM) (tons/ha). Data were analyzed for variance and continued with Duncan test. Analysis of variance showed that the level of bokashi fertilizer had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on SFW and significantly affected (P <0.05) SDM and SOM. The average SFW in this study ranged from 0.46 to 2.52 tons/ha, HDM ranges from 0.07 to 0.18 tons/ha, and SOM ranges from 0.04 to 0.16 tons/ha. Duncan's test shows that the highest SFW, SDM and SOM are found in P40. It was concluded that arbila’s straw production increases with the level of Chromolaena and cattle manure bokashi added. Highest production was shown in group with 40 ton/ha bokashi.Keywords: bokashi, forage, Phaseolus lunatus L, straw

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Spray volumes in the industrial treatment on the physiological quality of soybean seeds with different levels of vigor

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n2175179 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 174-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽

Julia Abati ◽

Fernando Augusto Henning ◽

Ademir Assis Henning ◽

José de Barros França Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Germination Test ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Different Levels

Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of different spray volumes, via industrial treatment, on the physiological quality of soybean seeds with different levels of vigor. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x5 factor scheme, with four replications. Factors consisted in two levels of seed vigor (high and low) and five spray volumes (0, 600, 1200, 1800 and 2400 mL. 100 kg-1). Products used to obtain the volumes were: fungicide (carbendazin + thiram); insecticide (imidacloprid + thiodicarb); nematicide (abamectin); micronutrients (cobalt, molybdenum and zinc); polymer (peridiam); biostimulants (kinetin + gibberellic acid) and inoculum (Bradyrhizobium japonicum). The used cultivars were BRS 360 RR and BRS 1010 IPRO. The physiological seed quality was determined by the following evaluations: germination, first count of the germination test, seedling emergence in sand, emergency speed index, total length of shoot and root of the seedlings. In the different spray volumes, high vigor soybean seeds have higher physiological quality than low vigor seeds. The increased spray volumes in seed treatments reduce the physiological quality of low vigor soybean seeds.

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Effect of the Storage Period and Fungicide Treatment on the Physiological and Sanitary Quality of Soybean Seeds

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v37i530280 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Thalles Alexandre Xavier Pereira ◽

Pedro Silvério Xavier Pereira ◽

Dejânia Vieira de Araújo ◽

Dryelle Sifuentes Pallaoro ◽

Aloisio Bianchini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Storage Period ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Methyl Thiophanate ◽

Health Quality ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

The Difference ◽

Seedling Germination

This study evaluated the effect of storage period on the physiological and health quality of soybean seeds. The experiment was arranged in a factorial scheme (4 x 2 x 2) with four periods of storage (0, 2, 4 and 6 months), two soybean cultivars (‘BRS Pintado’ and ‘MSOY 8866’) and treated and untreated seeds with the formulated mixture of active ingredients pyraclostrobine (25 g i.a L-1) + Methyl-Thiophanate (225 g i.a L-1) + fipronil (250 g i.a L-1) in a 0,1 L.ha-1 dosage of the commercial product. Concerning health, there was a reduction of Aspergillus spp., Cercospora kikuchii, Colletotrichum dematium var. truncata and Fusarium spp fungus when periods of storage were increased independently if storage interactions occurred due to cultivar, treatment and/or all analyzed factors. cv. ‘BRS Pintado’ stood out by presenting lower results on the occurrence of fungi. The isolated cultivar factor presented a significant result concerning the physiological quality and c.v. ‘BRS Pintado’ showed better results in the variables: germination of seeds from the speed aging test, germination, shoot lenght from the speed emergence test, and both shoot dry matter and root dry matter of germination. There was an interaction for the speed emergence index variable between storage versus cultivar, in which cv. ‘BRS Pintado’ achieved better average results in all periods of storage. The storage factor alone was significant for shoot length of plants from the speed emergence index, the shoot plant dry matter from the emergency speed index, root dry matter of seedling germination and germination of seeds subjected to accelerated aging. The isolated treatment factor was significant in the germination variable and the untreated seeds showed better results in relation to the treated ones. However, the difference of these values would not be significant at the field. Treated seeds showed better results compared to untreated ones in most of the analyzed variables and their association with seeds storage did not affect the physiological quality evaluation during six months of evaluation, enabling the maintenance of the health quality of seeds.

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Pre-packing cooling and types of packages in maintaining physiological quality of soybean seeds during storage

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v38n2158956 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 129-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Everson Reis Carvalho ◽

João Almir Oliveira ◽

Denilson Paulo da Rosa Mavaieie ◽

Hellismar Wakson da Silva ◽

Cassiano Gabriel Moreira Lopes

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Deterioration Process ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Polyethylene Container

Abstract: Seeds storing under appropriate conditions reduces the speed of the seeds deterioration process. The aim of this study was to evaluate pre-packing cooling and types of packages in the maintenance of the physiological quality of soybean seeds during storage. The completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replications, considering a factorial arrangement involving or not the pre-packing cooling of the seed mass, three types of packages (multi-layer paper bag, big bag, and polyethylene container), and five storing periods (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months). The physiological quality was evaluated by the tests of first germination count, germination, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, emergence speed index and emergence. The use of packages with larger amount of seeds (big bag and polyethylene container) did not favor the maintenance of the pre-packing cooling temperature. The types of packages did not show significant differences in the seeds viability during storage, up to eight months, regardless the pre-packing cooling. The cultivars seeds showed different tolerance to storing, i.e. seeds of the cultivar TMG 1176 had lower storing potential comparing to the seeds from the cultivar SYN 9074.

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Effect of inoculant with technologies integrated in initial soybean growth

Scientific Electronic Archives ◽

10.36560/1342020848 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

O. F. Júnior Neto ◽

C. L. R. Santos ◽

V. M. M. Lima ◽

C. F. Silva

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Root Length ◽

Dry Matter ◽

New Technologies ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Soybean Cultivar ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽

The World ◽

Beneficial Action

Soybeans are one of the most produced grains in the world, and because of the high cost of nitrogen fertilizers, new technologies in the inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria have been developed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bradyrhizobium-based inoculant doses and Lipo-chito-oligosaccharide molecules (LCOs), together with bacterial protector as an additive, compared to a conventional inoculant in the inoculation of soybean seeds. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with soil from a Red Oxissol of sandy texture. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 3 replicates, the treatments being distributed in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme (2 inoculants and 5 inoculant doses). The seeds of the soybean cultivar M8866 were inoculated and seeded in the pots containing 11 L of substrate, where two plants remained for 45 days. Nine biometric-productive parameters were evaluated. Increasing the dose, regardless of the inoculant, provided an increase in root length and probably active nodules. In general, it was possible to observe statistical superiority of the inoculant with technologies integrated in relation to the conventional one, independent of the dose, when comparing the inoculants with respect to these two variables. Furthermore, the inoculant with integrated technologies provided a higher mass of fresh and dry matter of the nodules with the application of the highest inoculant dose (3.6 billion UFC mL-1). It was noted that increasing the dose of conventional inoculant did not cause the increase of fresh and dry matter mass of the nodules such as the inoculant with integrated technologies, suggesting the beneficial action of the bioprotectant and of the LCOs molecules.

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A Head Formulation for the Steady-State Analysis of Water Distribution Systems Using an Explicit and Exact Expression of the Colebrook–White Equation

Water ◽

10.3390/w13091163 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1163

Author(s):

Mengning Qiu ◽

Avi Ostfeld

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Distribution System ◽

Distribution Systems ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Solution Method ◽

Water Distribution System ◽

Academic Research ◽

Exact Expression ◽

Contamination Source

Steady-state demand-driven water distribution system (WDS) solution is the bedrock for much research conducted in the field related to WDSs. WDSs are modeled using the Darcy–Weisbach equation with the Swamee–Jain equation. However, the Swamee–Jain equation approximates the Colebrook–White equation, errors of which are within 1% for ϵ/D∈[10−6,10−2] and Re∈[5000,108]. A formulation is presented for the solution of WDSs using the Colebrook–White equation. The correctness and efficacy of the head formulation have been demonstrated by applying it to six WDSs with the number of pipes ranges from 454 to 157,044 and the number of nodes ranges from 443 to 150,630. The addition of a physically and fundamentally more accurate WDS solution method can improve the quality of the results achieved in both academic research and industrial application, such as contamination source identification, water hammer analysis, WDS network calibration, sensor placement, and least-cost design and operation of WDSs.

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Physiological potential of soybean seeds after maturation and submitted to artificial drying

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n4175656 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 374-384

Author(s):

Cesar Pedro Hartmann Filho ◽

André Luís Duarte Goneli ◽

Tathiana Elisa Masetto ◽

Elton Aparecido Siqueira Martins ◽

Guilherme Cardoso Oba

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Maturation Stage ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Germination Test ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Three Samples ◽

Maturation Stages

Abstract: This study evaluated the physiological potential of soybean seeds harvested during two seasons, on different maturation stages and subjected to different drying temperatures. The seeds were harvested at the maturations stages R7, R7 + 2, R7 + 3, R7 + 5, R7 + 6, R7 + 7, R7 + 10 and R7 + 12 days (55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, and 20% of moisture content). For each maturation stage, seeds were divided into three samples: one sample was used to directly evaluate the physiological potential, and the others were dried at 40 °C and 50 °C, until reaching the moisture content of 11.5%. The physiological potential was evaluated through germination test, first germination count of germination, accelerated aging, modified cold, electrical conductivity and seedling emergence. The maximum physiological potential of seeds is achieved at the moisture content of 55%, the point that the dry matter is maximum. The seeds became tolerant to artificial drying approximately at the stage R7 + 7 days (30% of moisture content). Germination and vigor of the soybean seeds reduce as the drying temperature is increased from 40 °C to 50 °C, and this effect is enhanced when the seeds show moisture contents above 30%.

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Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2013000200019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 286-292

Author(s):

Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽

Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽

Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽

Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽

Thaís de Andrade

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

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PRODUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS IN ORTHIC QUARTZARENIC NEOSOIL OF THE CERRADO REGION

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252015v28n414rc ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 127-134

Author(s):

CHARLINE ZARATIN ALVES ◽

GUSTAVO MARTINS ZAQUEU ◽

ERIC FABIANO SERAGUZI ◽

AGUINALDO JOSÉ FREITAS LEAL ◽

JOSUÉ BISPO DA SILVA

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Scheme Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Tetrazolium Test

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the sowing periods in production, productivity component and physiological quality of seeds of three soybean cultivars (TMG133RR, P98Y70RR and NS7670RR) in Orthic Quartzarenic Neosoil in the cerrado region. The design used was a randomized block a factorial scheme design with four repetitions, and each plot with useful space consisted of three rows of four meters length, spaced at 0.45 meters. Field evaluations were the final stand, the height of the plants, height of the first pod insertion, the mass of 100 seeds and productivity. Already in the lab seeds were evaluated for germination and vigor (first germination count, emergency, emergence speed index, length and dry mass of the aerial part of the plant and roots, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and tetrazolium test). It concludes that it is possible to use Orthic Quartzarenic Neosoils, located in the Cerrado region at altitudes higher than 600 m, in years and places with good water distribution in the spring-summer seasons, for grain and soybeans production, but as a first goal, the crop should be sown in the first 20 days of November otherwise it should take place in early December.

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Rapid Performance Evaluation of Water Supply Services for Strategic Planning

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-2019-03091324 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1197-1204 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gulfam Shahzad ◽

Rashid Rehan ◽

Muhammad Fahim

Keyword(s):

Strategic Planning ◽

Water Supply ◽

Distribution System ◽

Distribution Systems ◽

Google Earth ◽

System A ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Interactive Map ◽

Water Supply Services

The assessment of existing water supply services was carried out through selected performance indicators with the aim of using that data in future for strategic planning of urban Mardan. The key performance indictors studied were selected to assess both the quantity and quality of water. The quality of water was assessed by turbidity, pH, and E-coli tests for samples collected at the start, middle, and tail end of the distribution system. The quantity of water supplied was measured by calculating discharges from water tapes at the three selected locations in the distribution system. A total of thirty samples were collected from ten union councils out of fourteen covering urban Mardan. A number of issues are highlighted in the overall water supply infrastructure and short, mid, and long term remedial measures are recommended. The results are presented in the form of an interactive map using Google Earth and VBA based dynamic database. It was found that the overall quality of water is generally acceptable for drinking. However, the presence of bacteria is an issue in many cases which needs to be resolved. A significant decrease in discharge is observed in the distribution systems away from the source due to leakages and illegal connections. A comprehensive overhaul of both management and infrastructure is required for sustainable and satisfactory level of services.

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