Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions Regarding Endemic Vivax Malaria in Inhabitants and Patients in Two Cities of Northern Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 2020

An understanding of the knowledges, attitudes and perceptions of different populations is key for public health policy makers. Here, a survey was performed on knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about malaria diagnosis, prevention, control, and treatment. The 407 survey participants included both uninfected inhabitants and patients from 2 cities (Gimpo- and Paju-si) of Northern Gyeonggi-do, known as high-risk areas for vivax malaria. We used community-based study design and non-probability sampling method using the primary data. Association between variables were tested using χ2-tests. In general, the information on malaria reported by the participants in this study was unsystematic and included inaccurate details. The knowledge of malaria symptoms, identified as headache, chills and fever, was high, but the surveyed community lacks knowledge of the specific medications used for malaria treatment, with a large number of respondents having no knowledge of any form of medication. Survey questions with high correct answer rates included questions about easy treatment of malaria in Korea, the high daytime activity of malaria-borne mosquitoes, and the infection risk posed by outdoor activities. However, a large portion of the respondents was unable to provide simple medical and biological information about the disease. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practical behavior of the surveyed community with respect to malaria and the implications reported here could be applicable to other malaria endemic areas in Korea.

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Country Risk Analysis of Bangladesh

Journal of Commerce and Accounting Research ◽

10.21863/jcar/2016.5.2.026 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zahidur Rahman ◽

Jannatul Ferdous Bristy

Keyword(s):

Risk Analysis ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Political Risk ◽

Multinational Companies ◽

Country Risk ◽

Low Risk ◽

Primary Data ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Financial Factors ◽

Political Economic

In the endeavor of conquering the worlds consumers, multinational companies face enormous risks. Such risks may arise from different political, economic, and financial factors. These factors are commonly referred to country risk as a whole. Focusing Bangladesh in this regard, objective of this study is to find out the level of country risk in terms of political, economic, and financial riskiness. Analysis of country risk has been done using an internationally recognized methodology named International Country Risk Guide (ICRG). For political risk analysis, primary data has been collected from 20 journalists, bureaucrats and policy makers, business persons, corporate professionals, and academicians with a structured closed-ended questionnaire. Results indicate that Bangladesh is in high risk position in terms of political risk, low risk position in terms of economic risk and very low risk position in terms of financial risk. Compositely, Bangladesh has been found to be a moderately risky country for investment.

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Evaluating the Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Mechanism and Its Risk Factors in England’s Cattle Farms

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073451 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3451

Author(s):

Tabassom Sedighi ◽

Liz Varga

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Animal Health ◽

Dynamic Bayesian Network ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Domain Experts ◽

Actual Experience ◽

Complex Evaluation ◽

Risk Areas ◽

Cattle Farms

Controlling bovine tuberculosis (bTB) disease in cattle farms in England is seen as a challenge for farmers, animal health, environment and policy-makers. The difficulty in diagnosis and controlling bTB comes from a variety of factors: the lack of an accurate diagnostic test which is higher in specificity than the currently available skin test; isolation periods for purchased cattle; and the density of active badgers, especially in high-risk areas. In this paper, to enable the complex evaluation of bTB disease, a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) is designed with the help of domain experts and available historical data. A significant advantage of this approach is that it represents bTB as a dynamic process that evolves periodically, capturing the actual experience of testing and infection over time. Moreover, the model demonstrates the influence of particular risk factors upon the risk of bTB breakdown in cattle farms.

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The Entrepreneurial University: Evidence of the Changing Role of Universities in Modern Russia

Industry and Higher Education ◽

10.5367/ihe.2014.0212 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 271-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dina Williams ◽

Alexey Kluev

Keyword(s):

Entrepreneurial University ◽

Primary Data ◽

Strategy Development ◽

Infrastructure Development ◽

Innovation Development ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Managerial Competencies ◽

New Type ◽

Changing Role

This paper examines the evolution of the entrepreneurial function of Russia's leading universities: the study is based on a conceptualization of a university's entrepreneurial development pathway developed by the OECD in 2009. The data on entrepreneurship development were collected in 2012 through a survey of technology transfer and innovation development managers of 18 National Research Universities. The primary data were complemented by desktop analysis of the strategy development documents of the universities surveyed. The results suggest that in the period studied, 2008–2012, a new type of university, the entrepreneurial university, has emerged in Russia. However, these entrepreneurial universities are facing serious challenges in the implementation of an entrepreneurial, innovation-oriented mission due to the lack of managerial competencies and inadequate infrastructure development. The paper has significant theoretical and practical implications in shedding light on the development of the entrepreneurial university in Russia, where the process is still in its infancy. The authors depict a trajectory of entrepreneurial transformation in and barriers to this process that, it is argued, university executives and policy makers should take into consideration.

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Managing Herder-Community-Based Tourism: An Institutional Framework for an Integrated Social–Ecological System

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13074001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 4001

Author(s):

Undrakh Zagarkhorloo ◽

Wim Heijman ◽

Liesbeth Dries ◽

Buyanzaya Batjargal

Keyword(s):

Protected Area ◽

Cultural Landscapes ◽

Buffer Zone ◽

Ecological System ◽

Primary Data ◽

Community Based ◽

Conceptual Foundation ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

The Social

Improving household livelihoods through tourism, while at the same time achieving the goals of conservation, remains a challenge in high-value nature areas around the world. This paper studies a herder-community-based tourism system in Mongolia in light of these challenges. The social–ecological system (SES) framework was used as a conceptual foundation. The generic SES framework was adapted to the case of the herder-community-based tourism system. The adapted framework was then used to assess the economic, ecological, and social objectives of the herder-community-based tourism system characterised by natural resources and cultural landscapes. Primary data collection included interviews with key informants in the tourism sector: tourism researchers, representatives of donor projects, managers of tour operators, and guides. Based on their responses, the study site was selected in the buffer zone of the Hustai National Park, which is a protected area. Respondents in the second stage of interviews were herders who participate in herder-based tourism and who live in the vicinity of the protected area. Results show that the SES framework is able to diagnose the sustainability of the herder-community-tourism system, but sustainability outcomes indicate an imbalance between social, economic, and environmental performance. The herder-community-based tourism system is successful in conserving wildlife and habitats; however, the distribution of revenues gained from tourism shows that only a small and inequitable share reaches the herder community.

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They #Woke: How Black Students in an After-School Community-Based Program Manifest Critical Consciousness

Teachers College Record ◽

10.1177/016146812112300103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 123 (1) ◽

pp. 1-38

Author(s):

V. Thandi Sulé ◽

Michelle Nelson ◽

Tiffany Williams

Keyword(s):

Critical Race Theory ◽

Black Students ◽

Youth Development ◽

Critical Consciousness ◽

Black People ◽

Black Youth ◽

Black Americans ◽

Primary Data ◽

After School ◽

Community Based

Background/Context Though Black Americans have long suffered under racial tyranny, they have made valiant efforts to subvert policies and practices that encroach on their humanity. Nevertheless, systemic racism has been virtually unyielding—creating both racial hierarchies and disparities in access to resources and wellness. Programs designed to address the condition of Black people, particularly Black youth, often employ deficit or dysfunctional logic, thereby ignoring the sociohistorical context in which Black youth navigate. Furthermore, not enough attention is given to the ways that culturally centered approaches ignite critical consciousness among Black youth in ways that are aligned with the tradition of the Black American abolitionist mindset. Purpose We build on the discourse on community-based youth programs and critical consciousness development by using frameworks that elevate race and culture in analyzing how Black youth make sense of their racialized experiences. Additionally, our explication challenges the overriding deficit focus of Black youth experiences within and outside school contexts by providing a nuanced view of Black youth agency. Research Design With critical race theory as the epistemic foundation, this study sought to foreground counternarratives among youth participants of a culturally centered, community-based program. Thus, we used semistructured interviews as our primary data source. Using a three-stage analytical process, we sought to understand if and how critical consciousness manifests within this youth community. Conclusions/Recommendations The study demonstrates the value of foregrounding African American culture and history to fortify the values of collectivism, self-determination, purpose, responsibility, empowerment, creativity, and faith among Black youth. The authors propose that educators collaborate with community-based Black culture and youth development experts to support dialogical, student-centered spaces that impart culturally centered knowledge about Black Americans. Furthermore, the authors advocate for professional development in asset-based pedagogies as a means to enhance belongingness among Black students.

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Empirical Assessment of Good Governance in the Public Sector of Malaysia

10.31235/osf.io/84ewh ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Maizatul Akmar Khalid ◽

Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽

Jamaliah Said

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Good Governance ◽

Primary Data ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Public ◽

Governance Systems ◽

Governance Practices ◽

The Status ◽

Questionnaire Respondent ◽

Service Groups

To improve the trust of citizens and delivery of services, employing good governance principles in the public sector is very crucial. Despite efforts to improve service delivery, criticisms and complains toward public services remain evident. This study aims to assess the status of good governance practices in the public sector of Malaysia. Primary data were collected from the responses of 109 department heads under 24 federal ministries to a survey questionnaire. Respondent perception of good governance practices was measured using a seven-point Likert scale and analyzed by descriptive statistics and path measurement modeling. Standard diagnostic tests were also conducted to check the reliability of the data and model. Results indicated that nine factors were significant in the measurement of good governance practices. However, very few people in the public sector of Malaysia practice fraud control, which is at the lowest intensity. Among the service groups, the engineer group practiced good governance at the highest level, whereas the health service group practiced good governance at the lowest level. Therefore, still there are scopes available to improve good governance systems to become more reliable and efficient public sector in Malaysia. Findings of the study will help policy makers improve the efficiency of the public sector of Malaysia and other countries.

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An Investigation into the Implementation Processes of Ghana’s Primary Health Care Strategy: The Community-Based Health Planning and Services Programme.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-168499/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Kwame Edusei ◽

Kofi Bobi Barimah ◽

Samuel Kwadwo Asibuo

Keyword(s):

Health Planning ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Community Based ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Implementation Challenges ◽

The Public ◽

Implementation Processes ◽

Health Goals ◽

Health Strategy ◽

District Assemblies

Abstract Background: Ghana has adopted the community-based health planning and services (CHPS) programme as the public health strategy for meeting its universal health goals. The programme is facing implementation challenges that are affecting its expansion within the communities. This research was undertaken to examine the implementation processes of CHPS and suggest solutions to improve its scaling-up within the communities.Method : An exploratory research design was used with a mixed method approach that involved the testing of a hypothesis. Results : The study found that in places with on-going CHPS programmes, there is statistically significant (p<0.001) evidence that the implementation processes are not flawed. However, the district assemblies were selective in the allocation of CHPS zones within the communities. Conclusion : Chieftaincy conflicts within the communities are impeding the community entry aspect of the CHPS policy implementation processes and needs to be addressed by policy makers in the relevant government agencies.

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Malaria Trigram: improving the visualization of recurrence data for malaria elimination

Malaria Journal ◽

10.1186/s12936-021-03964-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cleber Matos de Morais ◽

Kayo Henrique de Carvalho Monteiro ◽

Jose Diego Brito-Sousa ◽

Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro ◽

Vanderson Souza Sampaio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malaria Elimination ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Amazon Region ◽

Primary Data ◽

Malaria Surveillance ◽

Historical Representation ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Individual Level ◽

Public Health Professionals ◽

Brazilian Amazon Region

Abstract Background Although considerable success in reducing the incidence of malaria has been achieved in Brazil in recent years, an increase in the proportion of cases caused by the harder-to-eliminate Plasmodium vivax parasite can be noted. Recurrences in P. vivax malaria cases are due to new mosquito-bite infections, drug resistance or especially from relapses arising from hypnozoites. As such, new innovative surveillance strategies are needed. The aim of this study was to develop an infographic visualization tool to improve individual-level malaria surveillance focused on malaria elimination in the Brazilian Amazon. Methods Action Research methodology was employed to deal with the complex malaria surveillance problem in the Amazon region. Iterative cycles were used, totalling four cycles with a formal validation of an operational version of the Malaria Trigram tool at the end of the process. Further probabilistic data linkage was carried out so that information on the same patients could be linked, allowing for follow-up analysis since the official system was not planned in such way that includes this purpose. Results An infographic user interface was developed for the Malaria Trigram that incorporates all the visual and descriptive power of the Trigram concept. It is a multidimensional and interactive historical representation of malaria cases per patient over time and provides visual input to decision-makers on recurrences of malaria. Conclusions The Malaria Trigram is aimed to help public health professionals and policy makers to recognise and analyse different types of patterns in malaria events, including recurrences and reinfections, based on the current Brazilian health surveillance system, the SIVEP-Malária system, with no additional primary data collection or change in the current process. By using the Malaria Trigram, it is possible to plan and coordinate interventions for malaria elimination that are integrated with other parallel actions in the Brazilian Amazon region, such as vector control management, effective drug and vaccine deployment strategies.

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Assessment of Accountability Practices in the Public Sector of Malaysia

10.31235/osf.io/5djfu ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jamaliah Said ◽

Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽

Razana Juhaida Johari

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Financial Management ◽

Primary Data ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Public ◽

Public Sector Employees ◽

General Average ◽

Data Validity ◽

Accountability Practices ◽

Survey Approach

Ensuring accountability in the public sector is a very crucial issue as it could lead to failures in governance, fraud, inefficacy, corruption as well as weak financial management. This study evaluated the state of present accountability practices among public sector employees from various Malaysian service schemes. Primary data were collected, using a questionnaire survey approach with 194 heads of departments in the Malaysian federal ministries. Data was collected in accordance with the perspective of 12 factors in accountability practices, using a five-point Likert scale. Factor analysis and descriptive statistics were utilized for data analysis. In addition, data reliability was checked by Cronbach’s alpha test; data normality was examined by Skewness and Kurtosis tests, and data validity was tested by using Kaiser-Meyer Olkin test and Barlett’s test. The findings show that 94.9% of the participants reported that they practised accountability within their departments. Nevertheless, the priority for these accountability factors varied according to the service schemes. In general, the perceived accountability practice was the highest within the group of the administrative scheme and the lowest among the employees under the accounting scheme. Moreover, the perceived accountability practice of the audit scheme was below the general average level. This findings of the study would help policy makers to take necessary steps to improve the practices of accountability in the public sector for creating a more dependable and efficient public sector in Malaysia.

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Risk Analysis and Community Based Disaster Management Plan of Sateek Village, Aizawl District, Mizoram, India

Senhri Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies - Spring ◽

10.36110/sjms.2019.04.01.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 11-20

Author(s):

C. Zoramthara ◽

Lalthakima

Keyword(s):

Risk Analysis ◽

Disaster Management ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Management Plan ◽

Primary Data ◽

Landslide Risk ◽

Community Based ◽

The People ◽

Disaster Assessment

Sateek village is vulnerable to plenty of disasters such as earthquake, landslide, forest fire and disease outbreak. Some other features like poverty, remote area from the city, lack of hospital and other emergency services make the people of this village more vulnerable. The present study deals with the idea of community based disaster management (CBDM) and their risk assessment in Sateek village, which is located in Aibawk block of Aizawl District, Mizoram, India. The data used in this research include collection of primary data through interview, questionnaire and Secondary data. Landslide risk analysis was carried out in quantitative approach. The study seized disaster assessment, resource analysis, risk and vulnerable profile and response plan and interpretation in various disaster of Sateek village and how community based disaster management (CBDM) plan can help the people to cope with hazards.

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