scholarly journals Nahdlatul Ulama Dalam Pusaran Politik: Sebuah Otokriktik Orientasi NU Dalam Politik Perspektif Insider

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Mahathir Muhammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Political World ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The World ◽  
Practical Politics ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Mass Organization ◽  
The Government

A healthy and strong democratic state does not only require a strong political world. Of course, it is important to have a strong party, a strong leader, and a strong government. However, democracy also requires civil society which is also healthy and strong. In the political science literature, the political world and civil society are distinguished by political positions. The world of politics is the political territory of citizens who are prepared to fight for positions of government. The main vehicle is a political party. Meanwhile, civil society is the area of activity for citizens outside the government. The main vehicle is mass organizations. Deliberately, the world of civil society did not want to take part in the power struggle for the position of government. They deliberately chose a position outside the government to control the government. NU is expected to be in this position. Who always kept his distance from the world of practical politics and power. That way, the independence of NU as an authoritative mass organization is maintained.

scholarly journals URGENSI NAHDLATUL ULAMA DALAM PEMERINTAHAN INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Yovenska L. Man
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Practical Politics ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Mass Organization ◽  
Social Side

Abstract: As the largest Islamic mass organization in Indonesia, Nahdatul ulama certainly has enormous urgency in building a government in Indonesia. There are a lot of roles and services contributed by the ulema of the Indonesian state both in terms of social, political, educational and economic aspects. From the social side, the role of the ulama's ulema is seen as an effort to reaffirm all actual religious and social traditions that have institutionalized in a network of established structures and leadership patterns. From the political side, the ulema became the front guard's guard to maintain the integrity of the NKRI from a dangerous understanding. The journey of Nahdlatul Ulama, which initially had a lot of practical politics, then changed direction by focusing on religious social activities. In the world of education nahdatul uluma also contributes to the enormous service in educating Indonesian children, among others by establishing formal and informal educational institutions. In terms of the people's economy, the ulama took part in increasing the level of the economy of the Indonesian people with the establishment of shari'ah-based financial institutions. Keywords: Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesian Government

scholarly journals The Effect of Islamic Revolution on the Muslim’s Intellectual Schools Case Study of Libya and Tunisia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jaseb Nikfar ◽  
Ali Mohammadi ◽  
Ali Bagheri Dolatabadi ◽  
Alireza Samiee Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
General Direction ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Islamic Values

Nowadays the discussion of intellectual schools in the world, especially in the north of Africa is very important for the political analysts. The intellectual roots that existed in these regions from the beginning of independence were more toward the Islam. These roots mostly revealed themselves after the victory of Islamic revolution. The formation of Iran’s Islamic revolution on the top of west and east blocks’ mutuality was a paradigm of general direction of religions and Islamic values for forming the government. This article uses description- analytic method to investigate the effects of Islamic revolution on the Muslim’s intellectual schools in the north of Africa. Two main questions are How and in what direction has the Islamic revolution happening affected the Muslim’s intellectual schools in Libya and Tunisia? Findings of the research shows that with regards to the Muslim’s intellectual backgrounds that before the Islamic revolution existed, in these countries Islamic revolution caused the reinforcement and doubled motivation for these groups. But, yet the reinforcement of the activity of these groups caused their mutuality with the government and increase of violence and insecurity.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI NU SEBAGAI ORGANISASI CIVIL SOCIETY DALAM DEMOKRATISASI

Dialog ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Suryani Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
The People ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama

This paper illustrates how the political dynamics of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) as a part of civil society in Indonesia in the national political constellation. NU is a concrete example of the people power in the form of civil society whose existence should be noted. As the largest Muslim community in Indonesia, NU was recorded as the entity who contacted and reinforced the concept of civil society in Indonesia earlier than other Muslim modernist communities. NU activists and intellectuals play an earlier role in developing the discourse of civil society since the independence to now compared to Muhammadiyah, HMI alumni, or other Muslim leaders alumni from Masyumi.

The challenges of populism

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
Sue Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
The Political ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Political World

This chapter discusses the contextual landscape of populism, considering it through the framework of political culture. A political culture refers to a set of shared views, imaginaries, beliefs, and normative judgements about the political world. The chapter then offers some introductory thoughts on the problematic intersections between community development, democracy, and populism. There are now many criticisms of populism, from a variety of perspectives. But for the purposes of the chapter, the focus is on the ways in which populism undermines civil society. Understanding populist assaults on civil society is important for community development, because civil society provides the habitat in which the various forms of community development operate. To understand how populism threatens civil society, one can begin with the contrast between civil society and populism in regard to pluralism. After analysing convergences and disjunctions, the chapter looks at the ways in which the beliefs and practices of populism challenge community development. It concludes with a brief discussion of community development responses to populism.

Locating civil society in Foucault

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-152
Author(s):  
Bob Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
World Market ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Paris Commune ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
The World ◽  
The Masses

For both Marx and Gramsci, the separation between the economic and political spheres was a key feature of bourgeois societies. Marx saw the conflict between bourgeois and citoyen as requiring resistance to this separation as crucial to democratic emancipation and wrote that the Paris Commune realized this. He also saw social emancipation in terms of the expansion of free time rather than work time. Gramsci argued that civil society became more important in the 1870s as the masses gained the vote in political rights. They both argued that democracy could not be restricted to the political sphere but should also involve economic democracy. This is undermined by the expansion of the world market and survival of national states.

Conclusions

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Rostow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
The Political ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

I have tried in this book to summarize where the world economy has come from in the past three centuries and to set out the core of the agenda that lies before us as we face the century ahead. This century, for the first time since the mid-18th century, will come to be dominated by stagnant or falling populations. The conclusions at which I have arrived can usefully be divided in two parts: one relates to what can be called the political economy of the 21st century; the other relates to the links between the problem of the United States playing steadily the role of critical margin on the world scene and moving at home toward a solution to the multiple facets of the urban problem. As for the political economy of the 21st century, the following points relate both to U.S. domestic policy and U.S. policy within the OECD, APEC, OAS, and other relevant international organizations. There is a good chance that the economic rise of China and Asia as well as Latin America, plus the convergence of economic stagnation and population increase in Africa, will raise for a time the relative prices of food and industrial materials, as well as lead to an increase in expen ditures in support of the environment. This should occur in the early part of the next century, If corrective action is taken in the private markets and the political process, these strains on the supply side should diminish with the passage of time, the advance of science and innovation, and the progressively reduced rate of population increase. The government, the universities, the private sector, and the professions might soon place on their common agenda the delicate balance of maintaining full employment with stagnant or falling populations. The existing literature, which largely stems from the 1930s, is quite illuminating but inadequate. And the experience with stagnant or falling population in the the world economy during post-Industrial Revolution times is extremely limited. This is a subject best approached in the United States on a bipartisan basis, abroad as an international problem. It is much too serious to be dealt with, as it is at present, as a domestic political football.

The Epistemic Problem of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Necessary Information Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ikbal Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Information Policy ◽  
Civil Society Organization ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Familiar World ◽  
The Government

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted personal, social, and economic lives of millions of people around the world. It has taken the familiar world away from everyone. The pandemic is in large part an epistemic problem caused by the invisible contagious virus. Its invisibility can make people ignorant of the threat and spread of the virus. Government and public need scientists to identify and understand the problem of COVID-19. While the latter do not have complete knowledge to cure the disease, they are more knowledgeable to inform the government how to prevent the pandemic from getting worse. Appropriate government intervention requires a thorough investigation involving frequent and massive data collection, which is too expensive for developing countries. Without sufficient data, any government claim and intervention are questionable. The government can compensate the insufficiency of data by acquiring data and information from other sources, such as civil society organization and the public.

Politics and vocation: French Science, 1793–1830

1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorinda Outram
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Large Body ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Political World ◽  
The World ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The One

French science of the period between 1793 and 1830 is now a major focus of study. The large body of work produced since the nineteenth century, particularly in the field of institutional history, has provided the background for important attempts in the last ten or fifteen years to apply tools of sociological analysis to this field of enquiry. Particularly important have been theories of professionalization and institutionalization. It is the purpose of this paper to examine the consequences of the use of such models in relation to this specific historical context. In particular, I shall suggest that such questions as the importance of institutions in the conduct of science, and the extent to which science became a profession or remained a vocation, may be better understood once the world of French science has been situated in a wider political and intellectual context. An article, however, can do no more than suggest new perspectives, and must leave to more extended treatments the work of amplification and correction. Briefly, however, this paper will argue for a view of science at this period as locked in a conflict between the ambiguous demands of the political world on the one hand, and on the other pressures on individuals and groups within the vocation of science to conform to an ideology which viewed science as completely non-political.

Malaysia's Najib faces continuing challenge from 1MDB

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The Political ◽  
Investment Fund ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Investment ◽  
National Organisation

Subject Malaysia's political outlook following the Bersih 4 protests. Significance Former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad is to be officially questioned about his presence at the 'Bersih 4' mass protests organised by the Coalition for Clean and Fair Elections (Bersih) on August 29 and 30, local press reports said today. By allowing the rallies to proceed peacefully, Prime Minister Najib Razak had sought to extend the political respite brought by his July 28 cabinet reshuffle. His position nationally and within the governing United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) is under threat amid political difficulties relating to the 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) national investment fund. Impacts The Malaysian parliamentary opposition's weakness means civil society will provide most opposition to the government for now. The Bersih movement's mostly urban support limits its challenge to the government, which enjoys strong rural support. Public doubts about the effectiveness of Malaysian anti-corruption frameworks will stunt their development.

scholarly journals CHAPTER : MAJOR POLITICAL PARTIES IN ASSAM.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Dr. Subhash Talukdar.
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Proper Sense ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Voting Age ◽  
Election Commission

Party system is the important factor in the working of representative form of Government.  India is a democratic state. In the democratic state, political parties are said to be the life – blood of democracies. Modern democracies are indirect in character. They can function with the help of political parties. In the absence of political parties democracy cannot deliver the goods. Well organized political parties constitute the best form of democracy. India has the largest democracy in the world. It introduced universal adult franchise as the basis of voting right in the country. Now the voting age has been lowered down to 18. Most of the Indian voters are not politically matured and they do not have the political education in the proper sense. Political parties in India are classified by the Election Commission of India. It was classified for the allocation of symbol. The Election Commission of India classified parties into three main heads: National parties, State parties and registered (unrecognized) parties.

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