scholarly journals Chronic Administration of Quercetin Induces Biomechanical and Pharmacological Remodeling in the Rat Coronary Arteries

2017 ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MONORI-KISS ◽  
F. KISS ◽  
J. M. RESTIFO ◽  
E. MONOS ◽  
G. L. NADASY
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spontaneous Tone ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Coronary Arterioles

Acute dilation brought about by the dietary flavonoid quercetin in coronary arterioles has been described earlier, but no information is available on its chronic effects. Male Wistar rats (body weight about 190 g) were divided to two groups: the quercetin-treated group (n=22) had quercetin supplementation of approximately 30 mg/kg/day, whereas the control group (n=20) had none. After eight weeks of treatment, intramural coronary arterioles with identical passive diameters (178±14 µm and 171±9 µm) were prepared and their biomechanics and pharmacological reactivities were tested using pressure arteriography ex vivo. The spontaneous tone of quercetin-treated arteries was higher (16.5±1.9 % vs. 12.9±0.9 %), which resulted in a reduced lumen size (144±9 μm vs. 167±12 μm), thicker vascular wall (22.6±1.8 μm vs. 17.4±1.6 μm) and decreased tangential wall stress (16.8±1.1 kPa vs. 20.5±1.6 kPa) in supplemented animals (in spontaneous tone at 50 mm Hg, p<0.01 in all these comparisons). Elevated basal NO release resulted in increased endothelial dilation in quercetin-treated animals, especially at higher intraluminal pressures (10.8±2.5 % vs. 5.7±1.3 % at 70 mm Hg, p<0.01). We found remodeling of the geometry of coronary arterioles to ensure higher dilatory reserve and nitrogen monoxide production, as well as lowered elastic stress of the vessel wall.

Ethanol Extract of Achillea fragrantissima Enhances Angiogenesis through Stimulation of VEGF Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana M. Hammad ◽  
Amer Imraish ◽  
Maysa Al-Hussaini ◽  
Malek Zihlif ◽  
Amani A. Harb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Aortic Ring ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Achillea Fragrantissima

Objective: Achillea fragrantissima L. (Asteraceae) is a traditionally used medicinal herb in the rural communities of Jordan. Methods: The present study evaluated the efficacy of the ethanol extract of this species on angiogenesis in both, ex vivo using rat aortic ring assay and in vivo using rat excision wound model. Results: In concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, the ethanol extract showed angiogenic stimulatory effect and significantly increased length of capillary protrusions around aorta rings of about 60% in comparison to those of untreated aorta rings. In MCF-7 cells, the ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima stimulates the production of VEGF in a dose-dependent manner. 1% and 5% of ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima containing vaseline based ointment was applied on rat excision wounds for six days and was found to be effective in wound healing and maturation of the scar. Both preparations resulted in better wound healing when compared to the untreated control group and vaseline-treated group. This effect was comparable to that induced by MEBO, the positive control. Conclusion: The results indicate that A. fragrantissima has a pro-angiogenic effect, which may act through the VEGF signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Effect of a novel stobadine derivative on isolated rat arteries

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Broskova ◽  
Ruzena Sotnikova ◽  
Jana Nedelcevova ◽  
Zsolt Bagi
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Resistance Arteries ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Isolated Rat ◽  
Coronary Arterioles

Abstract The antioxidant and reactive-oxygen-species-scavenging activity of stobadine has been demonstrated in previous studies. Recently, chemical modification of this leading structure led to the synthesis of other pyridoindole derivatives with significantly increased intrinsic antioxidant efficacy. Further structural modifications of stobadine provided the opportunity to increase bioavailability and attenuate unwanted side effects, such as α-adrenolytic activity. The aim of the work was to evaluate the direct effect of a novel pyridoindole, SMe1EC2, on the vascular wall ex vivo. The vasomotor effect of SMe1EC2 (1×10-8-1×10-4 mol/l) was measured on isolated and pressurized rat cerebral and coronary arterioles using video-microscopy. The effect of SMe1EC2 (1×10-6 and 1×10-5 mol/l) on high potassium-, phenylephrine- or serotonin-induced contraction or acetylcholine-induced relaxation was also determined in aortic rings. We found that SMe1EC2 (1×10-8-1×10-4 mol/l) elicited significant dilatations in both cerebral and coronary arterioles (max dilatation: 25±8% and 18±5% respectively). Yet, SMe1EC2 (1×10-6 and 1×10-5 mol/l) did not influence the tone of aortic rings nor did it affect high potassium-, phenylephrine- or serotonin -induced contractions and acetylcholine-induced relaxation. Thus SMe1EC2 was able to dilate resistance arteries but did not affect aortic contractility. It is likely that SMe1EC2 does not possess α1-adrenolytic and anti-serotoninergic activity in the vascular wall.

scholarly journals Effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet consumption in diabetic rats: Beneficial impact on glycemic and weight control

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 16984-16996
Author(s):  
MMC Anyakudo ◽  
◽  
DO Adeniji ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Formulated Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control

The metabolic response to nutrient ingestion and the rate of digestion and absorption of nutrient molecules in bowel physiology plays an important role in the metabolic control of some human chronic non-infectious diseases. This experimentally-controlled designed nutritional study which lasted eight weeks aimed to determine the effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate (HP/LC) formulated diet on glycemic tolerance, glycemic control, body weight, organ weight and organ morphometry in healthy and diabetic adult male Wistar rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats purchased from a disease-free stock were randomly categorized into four groups (n = 6, each) after two weeks acclimatization period in raised stainless steel cages with 6 mm2mesh floor and replaceable numbered blotters papers placed under each cage in a well-ventilated animal house. Animal groups include: Healthy control group (HC), Healthy treated group (HT), Diabetic control group (DC) and Diabetic treated group (DT. The animals were fed according to the experimental design with water ad libitumfor eight weeks. Diabetes was inducted with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution (150 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneally). Body weights and fasting blood sugar concentrations were measured twice weekly, while oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the last day of the eighth-week study and subsequently followed by organs extraction after anesthesia for weight and gross assessment. Proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet caused significant reduction in mean body weight of treated diabetic (DT: 22.6%; P= .001) and healthy (HT: 5.8%; P= .007) rats while the control animals on control diet recorded significant (P< .05) increase in body weight gain (DC: 12.4%; HC: 11.2%). Glycemic tolerance and control improved significantly in diabetic treated rats over that of the healthy treated rats. Gross morphometry of the extracted organs (kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, spleen and testes) revealed sustained normal morphological features without any visible lesion. In conclusion, consumption of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet enhanced body weight reduction and sustained normal organ morphological features with good glycemic tolerance and control in experimental rats, suggesting its dietary potentiality, safety and suitability to ameliorate obesity-related diabetes.

scholarly journals Effect of Pistacia atlantica subsp. kurdica Gum in Experimental Periodontitis Induced in Wistar Rats by Utilization of Osteoclastogenic Bone Markers

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 5819
Author(s):  
Shokhan H. Azeez ◽  
Shanaz M. Gaphor ◽  
Aram M. Sha ◽  
Balkees T. Garib
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bone Markers ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Periodontitis ◽  
Serum Rankl

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of local application of essential oil of Pistacia atlantica kurdica (EOK) gel in treatment of experimentally induced periodontitis in rats and its effect on osteoclastogenic bone markers. Twenty-four male Wistar rats of 250 to 350 g were used in this study and were allocated into four groups. Control negative (without induced periodontitis), control positive (induced experimental periodontitis left without treatment), treatment control (induced experimental periodontitis and treated with Chlorhexidine gel) and EOK treated group (induced experimental periodontitis treated with EOK gel). The animals were sacrificed after 30 days, and the mandibular central incisor and surrounding tissue were dissected from the mandible and further processed for preparing H&E slides. Inflammatory cells, osteoclast cells, and periodontal ligament (PDL) were examined and measured histologically. Finally, the mean concentrations of both markers, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and (Interleukin-1β) IL-1β, were analyzed by ELISA. A significant reduction of inflammatory reaction and osteoclast numbers with improvement of PDL and low mean concentrations of RANKL and IL-1β were seen in the EOK treated group in comparison to the control group and the chlorhexidine group as well. The extract showed a protective effect in the healing of periodontitis that had been induced in rats and decreased bone resorption by down regulation of serum RANKL and IL-1β markers.

scholarly journals Metallothionein-II Inhibits Lipid Peroxidation and Improves Functional Recovery after Transient Brain Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Araceli Diaz-Ruiz ◽  
Patricia Vacio-Adame ◽  
Antonio Monroy-Noyola ◽  
Marisela Méndez-Armenta ◽  
Alma Ortiz-Plata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Neuroprotective Treatment

After transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), damaging mechanisms, such as excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, lead to irreversible neurological deficits. The induction of metallothionein-II (MT-II) protein is an endogenous mechanism after I/R. Our aim was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of MT-II after I/R in rats. Male Wistar rats were transiently occluded at the middle cerebral artery for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. Rats received either MT (10 μg per rat i.p.) or vehicle after ischemia. Lipid peroxidation (LP) was measured 22 h after reperfusion in frontal cortex and hippocampus; also, neurological deficit was evaluated after ischemia, using the Longa scoring scale. Infarction area was analyzed 72 hours after ischemia. Results showed increased LP in frontal cortex (30.7%) and hippocampus (26.4%), as compared to control group; this effect was fully reversed by MT treatment. Likewise, we also observed a diminished neurological deficit assessed by the Longa scale in those animals treated with MT compared to control group values. The MT-treated group showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction of 39.9% in the infarction area, only at the level of hippocampus, as compared to control group. Results suggest that MT-II may be a novel neuroprotective treatment to prevent ischemia injury.

scholarly journals Neurotoxic Effects of Stanozolol on Male Rats‘ Hippocampi: Does Stanozolol cause apoptosis?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Faezeh Nemati Karimooy ◽  
Alireza Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan ◽  
Abbas Mohammadi Pour ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Detection ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean

AbstractStanozolol is an anabolic-androgenic steroid which is commonly abused by athletes for improved energy, appearance, and physical size. It has been previously shown to cause changes in behaviour and has various physical effects. Studies have previously been conducted on its neurotoxic effect on the central nervous system (CNS), which are typically psychological in nature. This study was performed to investigate the apoptotic effect of stanozolol on different parts of the rat hippocampus. Sixteen male Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups (experimental and control). The experimental group received subcutaneous injections of stanozolol (5mg/kg/day) for consecutive 28 days, whereas the control group received saline using the same dosing schedule and administration route. After routine procedures, coronal sections of rat brain were stained with Toluidine blue and TUNEL for pre-apoptotic and apoptotic cell detection, respectively. In order to compare groups, the mean number of TUNEL-positive and pre-apoptotic neurons per unit area were calculated and analysed. Histopathological examination revealed that the mean number of pre-apoptotic and apoptotic neurons in the CA1, CA2, CA3 and DG areas of the hippocampus were significantly increased in the stanozolol treated group. In conclusion, stanozolol abuse may induce pre-apoptotic and apoptotic cell formation in different regions of the hippocampus.

scholarly journals Impact of synbiotic diets including inulin, Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal microbiota of rat exposed to cadmium and mercury

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dornoush Jafarpour ◽  
Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush ◽  
Hamid Reza Ghaisari ◽  
Saeid Nazifi ◽  
Javad Sajedianfard
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of two probiotics and a prebiotic (inulin) on intestinal microbiota of rats exposed to cadmium and mercury. Fifty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups. All groups except control group were fed standard rat chow with 5% inulin and treated as follows: i) control (standard diet), ii) <em>Lactobacillus</em> <em>plantarum</em>- treated group (1×109 CFU/day), iii) <em>Bacillus</em> <em>coagulans</em>-treated group (1×109 spores/day), iv) cadmium-treated group (200 μg/rat/day), v) L. plantarum and cadmium-treated group, vi) <em>B. coagulans</em> and cadmium-treated group, vii) mercury-treated group (10 μg/rat/day), viii) <em>L. plantarum</em> and mercurytreated group, ix) <em>B. coagulans</em> and mercurytreated group. Cadmium, mercury and probiotics were daily gavaged to individual rats for 42 days. Treatment effects on intestinal microbiota composition of rats were determined. Data showed that cadmium and mercury accumulation in rat intestine affected the gastrointestinal tract and had a reduction effect on all microbial counts (total aerobic bacteria, total anaerobic bacteria, total Lactic acid bacteria, <em>L. plantarum</em> and <em>B. coagulans</em> counts) compared to the control group. It was also observed that application of synbiotics in synbiotic and heavy metals-treated groups had a significant effect and increased the number of fecal bacteria compared to the heavy metals groups. Based on our study, it can be concluded that <em>L. plantarum</em> and <em>B. coagulans</em> along with prebiotic inulin play a role in protection against cadmium and mercury inhibitory effect and have the potential to be a beneficial supplement in rats’ diets.

scholarly journals REPARAÇÃO DO TENDÃO CALCÂNEO EM RATOS APÓS TENOTOMIA E TRATAMENTO POR ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS LINN E ULTRASSOM TERAPÊUTICO

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Gabriel Martins de Barros ◽  
Monaliza Sousa dos Anjos ◽  
Antônio Luiz Martins Maia Filho ◽  
Wellington Dos Santos Alves ◽  
Valdiléia Teixeira Uchôa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Calcaneal Tendon ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
One Way Anova

Este estudo objetivou comparar o efeito da reparação tendínea por Abelmoschus esculentus Linn (AEL) e ultrassom terapêutico (US) em modelo experimental de tenotomia. Foram selecionados 40 ratos machos Wistar que passaram por uma tenotomia na pata direita sendo tratados durante 7 e 14 dias consecutivos, os animais foram divididos em grupos com tratamento de AEL por via tópica, US, conjunto das duas terapias, além do grupo controle. Após o tratamento os tendões foram removidos para análise histológica, sendo realizado a contagem de células inflamatórias e fibroblásticas. A análise estatística foi feita através da variação do número de células no respectivo grupo, utilizando a análise de One Way ANOVA seguido pelo teste de Newman-keuls com nível de significância de 5% (p0,05). Nos resultados foi visto a redução significativa (p0,05) de células polimorfonucleadas do grupo tratado com US + AEL em relação ao grupo controle no tempo de 14 dias. Em relação ao número de células fibroblásticas houve aumento significativo nos grupos tratados com sonoforese em relação ao grupo controle em 7 e 14 dias. Nos outros grupos não houve diferenças significativas. A terapia com US e AEL mostrou efeito adjuvante no processo de reparo do tendão, demostrando eficácia da sonoforese com AEL.Palavras-chave: Ratos Wistar. Tendinite. Quiabo. Terapia por Ultrassom. Fonoforese. REPAIR OF THE CALCANEAL TENDON IN RATS AFTER TENOTOMY AND TREATMENT BY ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS LINN AND THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUNDABSTRACT: This study aimed to compare the effect of tendon repair by Abelmoschus esculentus Linn (AEL) and therapeutic ultrasound (US) in an experimental model of tenotomy. A total of 40 male Wistar rats were submitted to a tenotomy in the right paw and were treated for 7 and 14 consecutive days. The animals were divided into groups with AEL treatment topical, US, all of the therapies, as well as the control group. After the treatment, the tendons were removed for histological analysis, counting inflammatory and fibroblast cells. Statistical analysis was done by varying the number of cells in the respective group, using One Way ANOVA followed by Newman-keuls test with significance level of 5% (p0.05). The results showed a significant reduction (p 0.05) in polymorphonucleated cells from the US + AEL treated group compared to the 14-day control group. In relation to the number of fibroblastic cells there was a significant increase in the groups treated with phonophoresis in relation to the control group in 7 and 14 days. There were no significant differences in the other groups. US and AEL therapy showed an adjuvant effect on the tendon repair process, demonstrating the efficacy of phonophoresis with AEL.Keywords: RatsWistar. Tendinopathy. Abelmoschus. Ultrasonic Therapy. Phonophoresis.

scholarly journals Influence of the pineal gland on the physiology, morphometry and morphology of pancreatic islets in rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. B. de LIMA ◽  
L. C. dos REIS ◽  
M. A. de LIMA
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

To investigate the influence of the pineal gland through melatonin secretion on the physiological and morphological parameters of pancreatic islets, we studied the plasma biochemistry and morphological and morphometric characteristics of the endocrine pancreas of male Wistar rats. The animals were distributed into five groups of ten rats each: NC - normal control group; NS - sham-operated group; Px (25) - pinealectomised group, studied 15-25 days after surgery; Px (70) - pinealectomised group, studied 60-70 days after surgery; ALX - alloxan monohydrate-treated group. Data are analyzed statistically by ANOVA and by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Although there was no significant difference in plasma glucose or insulin levels between the Px (25), Px (70) and NC groups, Px (25) animals showed a tendency to increased glucose and reduced insulin levels. The ALX group showed a clear elevation of plasma glucose and a reduction of plasma insulin compared to the other groups. Morphometric analysis showed a larger pancreatic islet area and a lower pancreatic islet density in the pancreas of Px (70) animals and an increase in degenerative pathological processes in the pancreatic islets of the Px (25) and ALX groups. The present results suggest that melatonin, in addition to acting on tissue sensitivity to insulin (as reported in other studies), affects the secretory action of beta cells, as demonstrated by the morphological and morphometric changes observed in pinealectomised animals.

scholarly journals Effects of Steroidal and Nonsteroidal Drugs on Tooth Movement and Root Resorption in the Rat Molar

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gonzales ◽  
Hitoshi Hotokezaka ◽  
Ken-Ichiro Matsuo ◽  
Tatsunori Shibazaki ◽  
Joseph H. Yozgatian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that the administration of aspirin, acetaminophen, meloxicam, celecoxib, and prednisolone have no effect on root resorption and tooth movement. Materials and Methods: A mesial force of 50 g was applied to the left maxillary first molars of sixty 10-week-old male Wistar rats using nickel titanium closed coil springs attached to the cervical area of the incisors. The rats were randomly divided into 12 groups of 5 each. High and low doses of aspirin, acetaminophen, meloxicam, celecoxib, and prednisolone were administered via drinking water for 2 weeks. The experimental control group had tooth movement but received no drug. The negative control group received neither tooth movement nor drugs. The amount of tooth movement was measured on digitized lateral cephalometric radiographs. Rats were sacrificed after 2 weeks. Mesial and distal roots (distobuccal and distopalatal) were examined using scanning electron and three-dimensional (3D) scanning laser microscopes. The surface area, depth, volume, and roughness of the root resorption craters were measured. Results: When compared with experimental control rats, only prednisolone- and high-dose celecoxib-treated groups showed significantly less root resorption and less tooth movement. Although low dose celecoxib-treated group significantly decreased the tooth movement, root resorption was similar to the control group. Furthermore, resorption craters showed a smoother surface in the prednisolone-treated rats. Conclusions: The hypothesis was rejected. Administration of prednisolone and high-dose celecoxib reduces root resorption and interferes with tooth movement in rats. Both drugs may interfere in the arachidonic acid cascade depending on dose thresholds.

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