Silage for flushing ewes

Backgrounds: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of female infertility due to ovulation disorders. Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a first choice to restore ovulation but it has some side effects by estrogen receptor down-regulation. Aromatase inhibitor (AI) is a newer class of drugs which increases the production of endogenous FSH to stimulate ovulation. Subjects and methods: randomized control trial to compare 64 cases of infertile women with PCOS examined at the Hue University Hospital, alternately used AI (group I) or CC (group II) for ovulation induction from day 2 cycle. Follow-up follicle growth, endometrium and ovulation via ultrasound. Evaluation were done on 10th day cycle, day of hCG trigger and after administration of hCG. Results: Total of 64 PCOS cases distributed into 2 groups using alternatively AI and CC had similar characteristics with average age of 28.8 ± 4.6, the majority were primary infertility (84.4%), infertility duration was 2.6 ± 2.4 years, 85.9% had oligomenorrhrea or amenorrhea, normal body mass index accounts for 60.9% and 21.9% was lean. Evaluation of both groups on day 10 revealed no differences in the dominant follicle and endometrial thickness. Number of days until the follicle mature appears to be shorter in AI group (15.1 ± 2.9) compared to the CC group (16.5 ± 2.8) with statistical significance. The number of mature follicles in 2 groups were not different at a rate of 81.3% (AI) and 84.4% (CC) but a higher proportion of single mature follicle in the AI group (71.9%) compared with the CC group (65.7%) and There is no case with 3-4 mature follicles in the AI group. The rate of thin endometrium (<8 mm) in the AI group (25%) was lower than the CC group (53.1%) with statistically significance and higher ovulation rate (68.8%) compared with the CC group (56.3%) but have not found statistically significant. Conclusion: Two drugs AI and CC potentially induce follicle development and ovulation similarly, but AI has the potential to be more effective than CC on factors such as the shorter stimulation duration, increasing rate of single follicle, limiting multiple pregnancies, improve endometrial thickness and higher ovulation rate. More researches are needed with a larger sample size to clarify the statistical significance of differences.

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140 Effect of hCG on the last day of the 5-d CIDR-Synch and/or on day 5 of the estrous cycle on luteal dynamics in recipient Holstein heifers

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.207 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 112-113

Author(s):

Marcelo Siqueira El Azzi ◽

Everardo Anta Galvan ◽

Teresita Valdes Arciniega ◽

Iago Leão ◽

Rodrigo Sala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Estrous Cycle ◽

Ovulation Rate

Abstract The objective was to determine the effect of hCG (3,300 IU) administered on days 0 and/or 5 of the estrous cycle on total luteal area (TLA) and circulating concentrations of progesterone (P4) in recipient heifers. All heifers (n = 232; BCS = 3.3 ± 0.2) were synchronized with a 5d CIDR-Synch protocol (d-8: used CIDR inserted; d-3: CIDR removed and PGF2α treatment; d0: 100µg GnRH or hCG). Heifers were randomly assigned to four treatments: control, hCGd0, hCGd5, and hCGd0&5. Controls were treated with GnRH on d0, while hCGd0 received hCG on d0. hCGd5 heifers were treated with GnRH on d0 and hCG on d5, while hCGd0&5 received hCG on d0 and 5. Ovaries were scanned by ultrasound on d0, 5, and 12. Blood was collected on d0, 5, 7, and 12. Synchronization rate (94%) did not differ (P = 0.94) by treatment. Treatment differences were only tested in synchronized heifers (n = 218). Proportion of heifers with 1 or 2+ CL on d5 did not differ (P = 0.10) for hCG d0 treatments (hCGd0 + hCGd0&5) vs. GnRH d0 treatments (controls + hCGd5). However, heifers treated with hCG on d0 had greater (P < 0.01) TLA and P4 on d5 vs. treatments with GnRH on d0 (311 ± 13 vs. 257 ± 9 mm2; and 2.39 ± 0.15 vs. 1.90 ± 0.09 ng/mL). Ovulation rate for d5 hCG did not differ (P = 0.63) for hCGd5 vs. hCGd0&5 (93 vs. 84%). Controls had the lowest serum P4 on d7 and 12. In contrast, hCGd0&5 had the highest serum P4 on d7 (Table 1). Serum P4 on d7 did not differ for hCGd0 vs. hCGd5. On d12, serum P4 and TLA were not different for hCGd5 vs. hCGd0&5. These data indicate that hCG can be used on d0 to induce an increase in serum P4 on d5 compared to GnRH. However, only heifers treated with hCG on d5 achieved mean serum P4 > 8ng/mL.

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A note on attainment of puberty of september-born early-maturing ewe lambs in relation to level of nutrition

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100020444 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 407-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

F. Forcada ◽

J. A. Abecia ◽

L. Zarazaga

Keyword(s):

Sexual Activity ◽

Breeding Season ◽

Ovulation Rate ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Plasma Progesterone ◽

Ewe Lambs ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Age At Puberty

The attainment of puberty in September-born early-maturing ewe lambs was studied at Zaragoza (latitude 41° 40' N). Thirty twin Salz females were allocated to two groups receiving two nutrition levels after 3 months of age: high (500 g/day lucerne hay and 500 g/day concentrate) (H) and low (500 g/ day lucerne hay) (L). Oestrus was detected daily by aproned rams. Corpora lutea were counted after oestrus and plasma progesterone levels monitored each week.In the first breeding season (January to February) the percentage of females showing sexual activity (silent emulation or oestrus and ovulation) was higher in the H compared with the L group (67 and 20%; P < 0/05). Nonpubertal oestrus before the main breeding season was detected in 67% of animals. In the main breeding season and for H and L groups respectively, percentage of females showing silent ovulation before puberty was 67 and 33% and mean age at puberty extended to 319 (s.e. 4-8) and 314 (s.e. 3·7) days. Ovulation rate at puberty was 1·73 (s.e. 0·13) and 1·33 (s.e. 0·15) respectively (P < 0·05).

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Reduced Ovulation Rate in Adolescent Girls Born Small for Gestational Age

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.87.7.8657 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 87 (7) ◽

pp. 3391-3393 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Lourdes Ibáñez ◽

Neus Potau ◽

Angela Ferrer ◽

Francisco Rodriguez-Hierro ◽

Maria Victoria Marcos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Ovulation Rate

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The effect of time of mating on ovulation rate and potential lambing rate of Greyface ewes

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100023503 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 277-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. G. Gunn ◽

J. M. Doney ◽

W. F. Smith

Keyword(s):

Body Condition ◽

Body Condition Score ◽

Ovulation Rate ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Differential Group ◽

Condition Score ◽

Group Feeding ◽

Lambing Rate

ABSTRACTOver 2 years, 104 Greyface ewes were mated at a synchronized oestrus either in early October or early November. From late September until slaughter at return to service or between 4 and 7 weeks after mating, ewes were fed to maintain their body condition score as previously adjusted by differential group feeding on grass. Ovulation rate and potential lambing rate were derived from counts of corpora lutea and viable embryos at slaughter. Both rates were higher in the early-mated ewes in comparable body condition. Stress factors were implicated as contributing to the decline in ovulation rate with time, while ewes which failed to hold to first mating were largely responsible for the decline in potential lambing rate.

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Fertility in Cheviot ewes. 2. The effect of level of pre-mating nutrition on ovulation rate and early embryo mortality in North and South Country Cheviot ewes in moderately-good condition at mating

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100012113 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 17-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. G. Gunn ◽

J. M. Doney ◽

W. F. Smith

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Good Condition ◽

Early Embryo ◽

Ovulation Rate ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Restricted Feeding ◽

Embryo Mortality ◽

The North ◽

Breed Difference ◽

High Level

ABSTRACTIn two experiments over 2 years, 57 North Country Cheviot and 82 South Country Cheviot hill ewes were differentially group-fed indoors over a 2-month period to achieve either good or moderate body con- dition. Over 5 weeks prior to mating, ewes in good condition were brought down in condition by restricted feeding and ewes in mod- erate condition were raised in condition by a high level of feeding. The ewes were thus in moderately-good condition at mating. After mating, ewes were maintained in this condition until killed either on return to service or at 29 ± 8 days for counts of corpora lutea and viable embryos.Ovulation rate in each breed was positively related to the level of pre-mating food intake at the condition level studied. Embryo mortality, as ova loss, was not influenced overall by the level of pre-mating food intake but loss of multiple-shed ova was greater than that of single-shed ova in ewes which had been on restricted feeding before mating. Although a greater proportion of ewes in the North Country Cheviot breed were not pregnant at slaughter, this could not be identified as a breed difference since the breeds were studied in different years.

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The use of a ‘first-wave’ model to study the effect of nutrition on ovarian follicular dynamics and ovulation rate in the sheep

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep-10-0196 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 140 (6) ◽

pp. 865-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

C Viñoles ◽

B Paganoni ◽

K M M Glover ◽

J T B Milton ◽

D Blache ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Condition ◽

Wave Model ◽

Ovulation Rate ◽

Short Term ◽

Metabolic Hormones ◽

Follicular Waves ◽

Follicular Wave ◽

The Third ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Follicular Dynamics

We have developed an experimental model in which groups of ewes are simultaneously experiencing the first ovarian follicular wave of their oestrous cycle. We used this ‘first-wave model’ in a 2×2 factorial experiment (ten ewes per group) to study the effect of body condition (BC) and a short-term supplement on follicular dynamics and ovulation rate. The ‘first-wave’ was established by giving ewes three injections of prostaglandin (PG), 7 days apart. The 6-day supplement (lupin grain) began 2 days after the second PG injection and continued until the third. Follicles were studied by ultrasound, and blood was sampled to measure glucose and hormones. The supplement increased (P<0.01) the concentrations of glucose, insulin and leptin, decreased FSH concentrations (P<0.01) and tended to increase oestradiol concentrations (P=0.06). The supplement tended to increase the number of 3 mm follicles (P=0.06). Compared with low-BC ewes, high-BC ewes had more follicular waves (P<0.05), higher concentrations of insulin, leptin and IGF1 (P<0.05) and tended to have higher FSH concentrations (P=0.09). Leptin and insulin concentrations remained high until the end of supplementation in high-BC ewes, whereas they decreased after the third day of supplementation in low-BC ewes. In conclusion, high concentrations of metabolic hormones in fat ewes are associated with the development of more follicular waves. When a supplement is superimposed on this situation, changes in glucose and metabolic hormones allow more follicles to be selected to ovulate.

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Effect of active or passive immunization against steroids on reproductive performance of ewes in different levels of body condition at mating

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100002476 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 285-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S. M. Rhind ◽

B. A. Morris ◽

Jill Clayton ◽

J. M. Doney ◽

R. G. Gunn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Condition ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Body Condition Score ◽

Passive Immunization ◽

Treated Group ◽

Ovulation Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Absolute Increase ◽

Wide Range ◽

Antibody Titres

ABSTRACTBorder Leicester × Scottish Blackface (Greyface) ewes of three groups, each comprising 118 animals in a wide range of body condition scores, were mated at a synchronized oestrus in mid October. The ewes were passively immunized against testosterone (group P), actively immunized against androstenedione (group F), or not treated (group C). All ewes were slaughtered at return to service or at 35 to 45 days of pregnancy and ovulation rates and numbers of embryos present were determined. Mean ovulation rates of ewes in group P were higher than in those in group C (P < 0·05) and this difference was evident at most levels of body condition. The absolute increase in ovulation rate, compared with the control group, was similar at all condition scores. Mean ovulation rates of ewes in group F were higher than those in group C (P < 0·001) and the magnitude of the increase was greater in ewes in higher condition scores. The incidence of ova wastage was variable but differences between treatments in mean ovulation rate were generally reflected in mean litter size. The conception rates of immunized ewes were depressed compared with those of control animals, particularly in ewes with a body condition score less than 3·0 at mating. Consequently, there was no improvement in the potential lambing rate of immunized ewes following only one cycle of mating. Circulating antibody titres were not related to conception rate or body condition at mating and were related to ovulation rate only in group F ewes. It is concluded that immunization against steroids, using either passive or active techniques, can improve the reproductive performance of individual ewes but improvement in the performance of the flock as a whole may only be achieved under optimal conditions of nutrition and season.

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