Angelopoulos and Collective Narrative

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredric Jameson ◽  
Stathis Kouvelakis
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Greek History ◽  
Collective Experience ◽  
Western European ◽  
Collective Narrative

This chapter examines the role of collective narrative in Theo Angelopoulos' films from the 1970s. It begins with the premise that ‘our failure to grant Theo Angelopoulos the position he deserves in modern cinema’ stems from the fact that modern Greek history remains ‘far less familiar than that of the Western European countries’. It argues that ‘Greece has gone through a collective experience of which most other modern nations have only known bits and pieces’, and considers some of the ways that Angelopoulos depicts this experience as a kind of modern epic. The chapter analyses some of Angelopoulos' first films, including The Travelling Players, Reconstruction and The Hunters.

scholarly journals The comparative triad "state-education-church" in Ukraine and some countries of Western Europe

2014 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Stockiy
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Christian Ethics ◽  
European Countries ◽  
State Education ◽  
Elective Course ◽  
Western European ◽  
Church Schools

The urgency of the topic is due to the lack of research on the problem of the school curriculum with regard to the special elective course "Fundamentals of Christian ethics", its curriculum, the professionalism of teachers, the role of students in education, certain religious uniqueness in polyconfessional Ukraine, and comparison with religious studies in public, private or church schools of some Western European countries.

scholarly journals Immunogenetic Epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis in 14 Continental Western European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Lisa M. James ◽  
Apostolos P. Georgopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Hla Class I ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Class I ◽  
Hla Alleles ◽  
Susceptibility Effect ◽  
Pathogen Elimination ◽  
Western European

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA), a system involved in immune response to foreign antigens and in autoimmunity, has been strongly implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS). Prior research has shown that HLA DRB1*15:01 exerts the strongest susceptibility effect, although other HLA alleles have been implicated in both susceptibility to, and protection against, MS. Here we utilized an immunogenetic epidemiological approach to evaluate correlations between the population frequencies of 127 HLA Class I and II alleles and the population prevalence of MS in 14 Continental Western European countries to identify an HLA profile for MS. The results of these analyses, which largely corroborated prior findings and revealed several novel and highly robust HLA associations with MS, revealed a larger number of protective HLA alleles than susceptibility alleles, particularly for HLA Class I. Given the role of HLA in pathogen elimination and autoimmunity, these findings point to a contributory role of exposure to pathogens in the absence of protective HLA in underlying the inflammation and autoimmunity associated with MS.

scholarly journals Mediation in Germany and Other Western Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELMUT KURY ◽  
ANNETTE KUHLMANN
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alternatives To Incarceration ◽  
Western European ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Limited Usefulness

Empirical studies over the past decades have repeatedly shown the limited usefulness of harsh punishment in reducing crime. In response to these research results, historical approaches to crime reduction, such as mediation and restorative justice, have regained prominence, especially in Germany and other western European countries. The women’s movement and the growing role of victimology have contributed to the increased use of these methods as alternatives to incarceration. The debates across these countries vary depending on the historical background of the penal climate in these states, which particularly explains the differences between Eastern and Western European countries in this regard. Empirical studies show the positive impact of mediation on offenders as well as victims. Yet in spite of these results, in most countries, including Germany, the use of mediation remains limited, especially in regard to adult offenders. At the same time, the uses of mediation in non-criminal conflict settings, such as schools, family or work disputes have increased significantly with positive results.

scholarly journals COOPERATION OF UKRAINE WITH THE WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ON MEMORY IMMORTALIZATION OF THE LOSTS AFTER WORLD WARS AND POLITICAL REPRESSIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Mazurenko ◽  
Y.I. Onyshchuk
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Communication ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Western European

The article deals the issues of Ukrainian cooperation with Western European states in terms of commemorating the memory of the victims of wars and political repressions, as well as the implementation of joint archival and scientific work. In addition, the main aspects of identifying the names of victims of war and repressed persons and the question of making objective martirologists are analyzed. The article also describes the role of international conferences and their significance for the formation of a single commemorate strategy in Ukraine. The value of Ukrainian international cooperation with Western European states in the matters of maintaining military cemeteries and their improvement, as well as in honoring the memory of the dead soldiers has been noted. Particular attention to the problem of international communication, conflicts on the basis of historical memory and analysis of the ways of their solution is paid.

scholarly journals Shaping tolerant attitudes towards immigrants: The role of welfare state expenditures

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Social Tolerance ◽  
Democratic Principle ◽  
Western European ◽  
State Expenditures ◽  
European Welfare States

This article contributes to the ongoing discussion on how tolerance may be fostered in Western European countries and to the question of how contextual factors such as welfare state expenditures may contribute to this formation. Tolerance is understood as a basic democratic principle that helps civil societies cope with rising levels of diversity stemming from increased immigration and individualism. Within the tolerance literature, it is commonly agreed upon that a comprehensive welfare state is capable of bridging class divides and overcoming social categorization. However, over the past decades, European welfare states experienced an ongoing influx of immigrants, challenging their general purpose and increasing notions of ‘welfare chauvinism’. Drawing on insights from both tolerance and welfare state solidarity literature, we implement hierarchical analyses based on Eurobarometer data to assess the potential influence of welfare state universalism on political and social tolerance in 15 Western European countries. Moreover, we demonstrate that this relationship is highly conditional on the degree of ethnic heterogeneity within a country.

Immunogenetic Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes in 14 Continental Western European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Lisa M. James ◽  
Apostolos P. Georgopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hla Class I ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Pathogen Elimination ◽  
Western European

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is widely recognized to influence individual Type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk. Here we utilized an immunogenetic epidemiological approach to evaluate the influence of HLA on T1D at the population level. Specifically, we evaluated the correlations between the population frequencies of 127 HLA Class I and II alleles and the population prevalence of T1D in 14 Continental Western European countries to identify a population-level HLA profile for T1D. The results of these analyses generally corroborated prior findings regarding the influence of HLA on T1D risk and protection and revealed several novel HLA-T1D associations. The findings, discussed within the context of the role of HLA in pathogen elimination and autoimmunity, point to a contributory role of exposure to pathogens in the absence of protective HLA in underlying the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in T1D.

scholarly journals The development of innovative startups and tech based companies in European countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Artūras Jurgelevičius ◽  
Nadežda Kučaidze
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Market Size ◽  
National Market ◽  
Western European ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Macroeconomic Stability

Introduction. The global structure of economy and business has been changing. New technologies and innovations occurred replacing or minimizing the role of old once. A number of traditional companies and industries must adopt new emerging technologies in order to survive on the international market. Moving from industrial society to Industry 4.0 society a few critical transformations should be taken into account. If it is understandable that innovations and technologies can benefit the whole economy and society in many ways, it is important to analyze what are the external factors that accelerate the development of innovative startups and technologies to boost the growth, development and welfare of societies and economies. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this article is to assess the development of startups and technology based companies in a number of European countries and to identify a group of countries that has the most favorable environment for startups and technology proliferations. Results. The findings of the research revealed that the most favorable countries for startup and technology-based companies’ creation are Scandinavian and Western European countries, the least ones – mainly Balkans. The findings claim that macroeconomic stability and skills (broaden concept is human capital) are the most important factors influencing the creation and adoption of startups and technology-based companies. Meanwhile the national market size is the least important factor. Conclusions. The conducted research presents that the most favorable countries for innovative startups and tech-based companies are mainly Scandinavian and Western European countries. It is important to notice that Scandinavian countries have exceptionally leading the list in this field. As analysis showed, macroeconomic stability and skills (to a broader concept human capital) are the most significant factors for technologies and innovations to occur. Finally, the market size seems to be the least important factor for technology and innovative startup development. It can be explained that startups and technologies by its nature are scalable businesses those market is entire globe.

scholarly journals Relations of the Republic of Croatia with EU Countries (1992-1999)

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-27
Author(s):  
Аnatolii Demeshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Western European ◽  
Foreign Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Moment

This article considers a development and peculiar properties of relations of the Republic of Croatia with European Union countries from the moment of this state’s international recognition on 15 January 1992 to the first Croatian president Franjo Tudjman’s death on 10 December 1999. The main attention is paid to those Western European countries, that played the most significant role in dealing with the crisis on the territory of former Yugoslavia and that had the most crucial place in Zagreb’s foreign policy during the first decade of Croatian independence: Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, France, Great Britain, Italy, Sweden and Vatican (however, the two last are not EU members). The attitude of these countries towards Croatia’s diplomatic goals during 1990ies and the dynamics of their relations with Croatian government, that weren’t constant, are analyzed in this article. The special attention is focused on the reasons of firm German and Austrian support for Croatia at the very beginning of its independence and their significant humanitarian aid for Croats during the war. From the other hand, there are explained reasons of skeptical and cold French and British position on Croatian question and the role of the history in Italian-Croatian relations after 1990. And, of course, Croatian problems and real obstacles in relations with Western European countries and with prospective of European integration during the presidency of Franjo Tudjman (that were really pessimistic) are also considered in this article. The newest researches of Croatian and other foreign authors on Croatian foreign policy in 1990ies were used for preparing this small research, as well as materials of foreign media, mostly Western and Croatian.

Anti-Venizelist criticism of Venizelos’ policy during the Balkan Wars (1912-13)

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
Marianna Christopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Balkan Wars ◽  
Greek History ◽  
History Of ◽  
United Front

Although the Balkan Wars are regarded as a defining moment in modern Greek history that led to the expansion of Greek territory, they also constitute an important chapter in the history of internal Greek politics: the Greek prime minister Eleftherios Venizelos consolidated his position as the country’s most competent politician; the Palace, at the head of the victorious Greek army, regained much of its lost prestige after the unsuccessful Greco-Turkish war of 1897; and most importantly, the old parties began to function as a united front against Venizelos. This reaction was majorly triggered by Venizelos’ handling of the country’s foreign affairs in 1912-13. The anti-Venizelists’ rhetoric against Venizelos diplomacy invested heavily in tradition and the role of the king and was a harbinger of the national schism of 1915-16.

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