The Seljuqs from Syria to Iran: The Age of Khatuns and Atabegs

2019 ◽  
pp. 285-348
Author(s):  
Taef El-Azhari
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
To Come

In this chapter one examines the major change took place under the Turkmen Seljuqs coming from Mongolia to the Middle East. They introduced the unique post of atabeg or (father-prince) to keep their military Turkmen identity. However, Turkish princess were essential to such post to succeed as the sultan divorce one of his wives and marry her to a loyal commander to bring up one of his sons and groom him for future kingship. In fact, what it meant to be an element of preserving the Turkmen identity, turned out as a major one in the disintegration of the dynasty. Almost every atabeg who marry a khatun-princess collaborate to establish his own political dynasties. Such cases took place in Syria, Iran, Azerbaijan where royal mothers contributed to the success of such atabegate. The post had a political impact on other Muslim dynasties in the centuries to come.

Nuclear War in the Middle East: Where is the Voice of Medicine and Public Health?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cham E. Dallas ◽  
Frederick M. Burkle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Health Diplomacy ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
To Come ◽  
Nuclear Exchange

AbstractOnce again, the politically volatile Middle East and accompanying rhetoric has escalated the risk of a major nuclear exchange. Diplomatic efforts have failed to make the medical consequences of such an exchange a leading element in negotiations. The medical and academic communities share this denial. Without exaggeration, the harsh reality of the enormous consequences of an imminently conceivable nuclear war between Iran and Israel will encompass an unprecedented millions of dead and an unavoidable decline in public health and environmental devastation that would impact major populations in the Middle East for decades to come. Nuclear deterrence and the uncomfortable but real medical and public health consequences must become an integral part of a broader global health diplomacy that emphasizes health security along with poverty reduction and good governance.

scholarly journals Another View on the Middle East Conflict Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Noor Rehman ◽  
Syed Shah ◽  
Abbas Ali ◽  
Sun Jang ◽  
Choonkil Park
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Rough Set ◽  
Rough Set Theory ◽  
Preference Relation ◽  
Conflict Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Middle East Conflict ◽  
To Come

Decision making is a cognitive process for evaluating data with certain attributes to come up with the best option, in terms of the preferences of decision makers. Conflicts and disagreements occur in most real world problems and involve the applications of mathematical tools dealing with uncertainty, such as rough set theory in decision making and conflict analysis processes. Afterwards, the Pawlak conflict analysis model based on rough set theory was established. Subsequently, Deja put forward some questions that are not answered by the Pawlak conflict analysis model and Sun’s model. In the present paper, using the notions of soft preference relation, soft dominance relation, and their roughness, we analyzed the Middle East conflict and answered the questions posed by Deja in a good manner.

TRADITIONAL SELECTIVE HARVESTING EFFECTS ON OCCURRENCE AND REPRODUCTIVE GROWTH OF GUNDELIA TOURNFORTII IN ISRAEL GRASSLANDS

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didi Kaplan ◽  
Dror Pevzner ◽  
Moshe Galilee ◽  
Mario Gutman
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Selective Harvesting ◽  
Distribution Potential ◽  
To Come

Gundelia tournfortiiis a perennial herb with a rosette and thickened root, growing in grasslands. In the Middle East, its leaf bases are used as a vegetable. Harvesting is by clipping the rosette at its base, and stripping the leaves from the leaf bases. In the last 20 years clipping and gathering has become more widespread, and a commercial trade has developed.The aim of this study was to discover whether, as a result of the rise in demand, the density and distribution potential of this edible plant are liable to come under threat.The percentage of flowering plants in the non-harvested areas was found to be significantly higher than that in the harvested areas. As a result the Nature Reserves Authority has adopted our recommendation to regard this plant as a protected species.

The “Arab Spring” as Seen through the Prism of the 1979 Iranian Revolution

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Nabavi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Arab World ◽  
New Order ◽  
Iranian Revolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Arab Middle East

Revolutions are by nature unpredictable and unsettling. That the wave of revolutions in North Africa and the Arab Middle East began so unexpectedly and spread with such speed, leading to the fall of the governments of Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, has added to the concern regarding the “new order” that is to come after the initial euphoria. From the outset, the fear has been that these revolutions will follow the same trajectory as Iran did in 1979—in other words, that they will marginalize those who launched the revolutions and provide the grounds for the rise to power of the most savvy, purposeful, and best organized of the opposition groups, namely, the Islamists. Yet when one considers the recent uprisings in the Arab world through the prism of Iran's experiences in 1979, the parallels are not so evident. Mindful of the variations and distinctions between each of the revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, it would appear that in broad terms, and beyond superficial similarities, there is little in common between the events of Iran in 1979 and what has happened in the past year in the Arab world.

Imran Khan is likely to become Pakistan prime minister

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Military

Significance The Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N)’s five-year term ended on May 31. PML-N President Shehbaz Sharif faces a tough fight to become prime minister, with the main challenge set to come from Imran Khan’s Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and further opposition provided by Bilawal Bhutto Zardari’s Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). Impacts With Khan as prime minister, the military would likely have free rein to pursue an anti-India foreign policy. Khan would step up his criticisms of the war in Afghanistan and likely have a difficult relationship with US President Donald Trump. Pakistan under any government will pursue balanced diplomacy in the Middle East, seeking good ties with both Saudi Arabia and Iran.

Gas outlook will reshape Middle East energy balance

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Major Change

The region's gas sector is set for major change over the coming decade

scholarly journals The 2011 Egyptian Revolution and Islamists in Egypt and Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-168
Author(s):  
Afif Pasuni
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Egyptian Revolution ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Come

The opposition Islamist PAS (Parti Islam Se-Malaysia, or Pan Malaysian Islamic Party) is one of the oldest political parties in Malaysia. Inspired by Egypt’s Ikhwan al-Muslimin (Muslim Brotherhood [MB]), PAS is also influenced by occurrences in the Middle East; following the 1979 Iranian Revolution, its leaders revamped their organizational structure to entrust key decisions to religious scholars. The ramifications of the 2011 Egyptian revolution, arguably one of the most significant Middle Eastern political events in recent times, thus deserves a closer look. This short article attempts to look at this revolution’s possible impact on Islamists in Malaysia. I argue that Malaysia had already undergone its own version of a revolution in the 1998 reformasi (reformation) due to the shared characteristics between the two events: both (1) shared the same premise of alleged political injustice; (2) provided opportunities for Islamists to influence the political discourse, with the difference that in Egypt there was a political vacuum; and (3) utilized the Internet heavily to rally the masses. However, due to Malaysia’s freer democratic and electoral processes, political changes there will not be as abrupt as in Egypt. Furthermore, both Egypt’s revolution and Malaysia’s reformasi have hardly ended; the former is a tumultuous ongoing process of battling for the legitimacy of rule by appealing to the masses, while the latter is an ongoing process of appealing to voters in order to come to rule.

scholarly journals MEMBACA MASA DEPAN “ISLAM DAN FIQH NUSANTARA” SEBUAH CATATAN PENGANTAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nor Harisuddin
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
To Come ◽  
Islamic Civilization

This paper would like to describe how the inward direction, the Islamic Nusantara core in Islamic civilization in Nusantara. In the exit direction, Islam Nusantara is the future of World civilization. Meanwhile, fiqh is an important part of Islam Nusantara. Therefore, it is very possible, Islam and Fiqh Nusantara to be an important pillar in the world Islamic Civilization. with the uniqueness, and the future of the world, Islam Nusantara deserves to be a pillar of worldcivilization in the days to come. This is because it is not the Middle East again the center of Islamic civilization, but the Center of Islamiccivilization of the world shifted to Indonesia.

scholarly journals A Book Review of Thomas Edward Lawrence’s Revolt in the Desert A Critical Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Jamal En-Nehas
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Political Expediency ◽  
Gertrude Bell ◽  
To Come

Reading Revolt in the Desert, the recently published abridged version of Seven Pillars of Wisdom—T. E. Lawrence’s rendition of the overt and covert journeys in the Middle East in support of the Arab rebellion against Turkish Ottoman rule—entails a journey in itself—in time, space and myth—in order to come to grips with recent history and its complex ramifications. Unlike Palgrave, Gertrude Bell and the Blunts, Lawrence knew the terrain well, had a clear agenda and was primarily interested in Realpolitik , political expediency and military pragmatism, and certainly not in the magnificence of the East or its cultural and mythical splendors.

scholarly journals Psychiatry in Jordan

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Takriti
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Major Change ◽  
British Government ◽  
The West ◽  
Massive Influx ◽  
West Bank And Gaza

Jordan, one of the most recently established countries in the Middle East, was part of the Ottoman Empire. It was declared a political entity known as Transjordan under the mandate of the British government in 1923, until it gained independence and was declared a Kingdom in 1946. In 1950, Transjordan and the West Bank were united and assumed the current name of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The next major change for the Kingdom came in 1967, when the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip by Israeli forces caused a massive influx of migrants to the East Bank.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document