Place and Politics in the Work of George Sturt

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-91
Author(s):  
Simon Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Country Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Organic Community ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

Since the 1930s George Sturt's Change in the Village (1912) and The Wheelwright's Shop (1923) have been associated with the cultural theory of the journal Scrutiny and its idealised concept of a rural English ‘organic community’. Focusing on his earlier writing as contexts for these works, this essay offers a reappraisal of Sturt as a self-consciously political analyst of late-Victorian agrarian experience. His contributions to The Commonweal, the newspaper of William Morris's Socialist League, in the 1880s mark out a distinctively dissentient position that was developed through contributions to periodicals such as Country Life and in the two ‘Bettesworth’ books that drew upon the oral histories of local labour. These contributions to the developing commercial genre of English ‘country writing’ in the period are also critical reflections upon its modes and media. Formally experimental and uncomfortably reflective upon what he termed his ‘misery of being a Socialist employer of labour’, Sturt's examination of the relationship of agrarian tradition and modernity in West Surrey represents a distinctive contribution to the radical social history of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.

Police Records

2019 ◽  
pp. 797-819
Author(s):  
Cristina Vatulescu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Detective Fiction ◽  
Media History ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Police Records ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter approaches police records as a genre that gains from being considered in its relationships with other genres of writing. In particular, we will follow its long-standing relationship to detective fiction, the novel, and biography. Going further, the chapter emphasizes the intermedia character of police records not just in our time but also throughout their existence, indeed from their very origins. This approach opens to a more inclusive media history of police files. We will start with an analysis of the seminal late nineteenth-century French manuals prescribing the writing of a police file, the famous Bertillon-method manuals. We will then track their influence following their adoption nationally and internationally, with particular attention to the politics of their adoption in the colonies. We will also touch briefly on the relationship of early policing to other disciplines, such as anthropology and statistics, before moving to a closer look at its intersections with photography and literature.

scholarly journals RELATIONS BETWEEN MOSQUE AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-153
Author(s):  
Anna Triayudha ◽  
Rateh Ninik Pramitasary ◽  
Hermansyah Akbar Anas ◽  
Choirul Mahfud
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Role And Function

The growth and development of Islamic Education is inseparable from the growth of institutions. The Prophet made it happen by establishing institutions that had a role in developing and advancing Islamic education, one of which was a mosque. Research on the relationship of mosques with the social history of Islamic education is discussed by using descriptive qualitative methods that are oriented to literature review. This paper shows that in the early period of Islamic education, the Prophet provided exemplary by building and empowering mosques. The example of the Prophet continued with the Caliphs afterwards until the present era. The mosque was built by the Prophet from the Al Haram mosque located in Makkah, Quba Mosque located in Quba, Nabawi mosque located in Medina and so on. The role and function of the mosque at that time was as a place of prayer, a place of prayer, a place for discussion or deliberation, a meeting place to develop a war strategy and others related to the problems and needs of Muslims. From time to time, the role or function of the mosque has changed slightly. In essence, mosques are currently influencing the development of the social history of Islamic education in Indonesia.

The Moral Economy of Music in Tenganan, Bali

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy McGraw
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the relationship of economic, aesthetic, and economic life in the village of Tenganan, Bali, Indonesia. Music in Tenganan (primarily the slonding gamelan ensemble) is part of a complex cultural fabric weaving together the village’s aesthetic, ethical, and economic life, dynamically interconnected through both material and immaterial dimensions. I first outline a general concept of “goods” and “the good” that informs my analysis of the intersections of economic, ethical, and aesthetic life in Tenganan. I then describe communitarian life in Tenganan through a quick overview of the social history and organization of the village. Next I analyze the village’s material and immaterial economies. Ceremonial exchange, within which music is an important component, is the primary engine of the village economy. Finally, I describe ethics in Tenganan, explaining how different ethical regimes concretsely impact ceremonial, and therefore economic, practice.

Ockham’s Razor and Chemistry

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir I . Minkin ◽  
Barry K . Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
William Of Ockham ◽  
Ockham’S Razor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ockham's Razor ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

Scientists think they are born with logic; God forbid they should study this discipline with a history of more than two and a half millenia. Isn’t it curious that some of our competitors and critics, pretty good scientists (except when they review our papers), seem to be strangely deficient in logic! While scientists think they can do without philosophy, occasionally principles of logic or philosophy do enter scientific discourse explicitly. One of these philosophic notions is Ockham’s Razor, generally taken to mean that one should not complicate explanations when simple ones will suffice. The context in which Ockham’s Razor is used in science is either that of argumentation (trying to distinguish between the quality of hypotheses) or of rhetoric (deprecating the argument of someone else). Either way, we think that today appeal to the venerable Razor has a bit of a feeling of showing off , of erudition adduced for the rhetorical purposes. This attitude reveals a double ambiguity. The first is toward learning—today’s science, no longer elitist, does not depend on men steeped in classical learning. And appeal to Ockham’s Razor also points to a certain ambiguity in the relationship of science to philosophy. Let’s learn something of the man whose name the principle bears, and its various meanings. Then we give a personal account of the use of Ockham’s Razor in chemistry, with specific reference to the analysis of reaction mechanisms. And we enter a dialogue on the validity and limitations of this device. Neither today’s scientists nor medieval theologians and philosophers, one of whom was William of Ockham (or Occam), can avoid the politics of their times. We know precious little of William of Ockham’s early life. He was born in the village of Ockham in Surrey near London, probably within five years of 1285. The first certain date we have in his life is February 26, 1306 when he was ordained subdeacon of Southwork.

Introduction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Mobilization ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The introduction offers a ‘global’ survey of the history of communism not only in the geographical sense but also in the sense of seeking to integrate history from above and history from below, social and cultural with political and economic history. The first half offers a synoptic view of the history of communist revolutions before and after 1945, highlighting the tensions between ‘intentionalist’ interpretations that stress human agency and political will and structuralist interpretations that stress the role of impersonal forces. It traces the way in which the meaning of the Russian Revolution was revised in the 1920s from being a mass revolution involving soviet power and radical equality to one concerned with the state mobilization of the human and material resources of a backward society to bring about economic, social, and military modernization. The second half looks at a number of major issues relating to the political, economic, and social history of communism in power. In respect of politics, these include the role of ideology in politics, the relationship of informal to formal political practices, the relationship of ‘neo-traditional’ to modern political practices, and the problem of bureaucracy. In respect of the economy, they include the relationship of the planned economy to the ‘second economy’, difficulties of economic reform, and the shift towards meeting the needs of the consumer from the 1950s. In respect of social aspects, the essay stresses the importance of non-state-directed social processes in shaping the development of communist societies, the reconstitution of forms of social inequality, ideas of cultural revolution, and policy towards women and national minorities. While not attempting to summarize historiography, the introduction seeks to give readers a sense of issues currently under debate.

Human Rights and Power

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Stammers
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social History ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is an initial attempt to link the concepts of human rights and power from a social constructionist perspective. It looks at aspects of the social history of natural and human rights and the relationship of this history to extant power relations. It suggests that conceptions of human rights have both challenged and sustained particular forms of power, thus playing a highly ambivalent role. The paper also examines and criticises the philosophical underpinnings of liberal and marxist approaches to the concept of human rights. In a concluding section it considers the possibility of constructing a power analysis which might provide a way of anchoring the concept of human rights in social practices.

Translator's Preface: A Note on Settler Colonialism

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl Li
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Social History ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Village

The Journal of Palestine Studies presents an original translation of a 1981 article by Yugoslav anthropologist Nina Seferović (1947–1991) on “Bushnaqs”—Palestinians whose ancestors hail from the territory of present-day Bosnia-Herzegovina. Seferović describes the circumstances of the Bushnaqs' departure in the late nineteenth century; the distinct community they founded in the village of Caesarea near Haifa; and their assimilation into the Palestinian nation. This study is a contribution to the social history of Palestine that raises productive questions about the legacies of the Non-Aligned Movement and about the role of race and temporality in framing such categories as settler and native in the broader examination of settler colonialism. Below, in order of appearance, are Darryl Li's translator's preface, “A Note on Settler Colonialism,” illuminating and explicating the original study; Nina Seferović's article, “The Herzegovinian Muslim Colony in Caesarea, Palestine,” and an appendix titled, “Balkan Migration to the Middle East.” A substantial section of endnotes follows, divided into three corresponding parts.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Meat without Animals: Outcast Objects and the Improvement of London

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Geier
Keyword(s):  
Animal Rights ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Covers the long history of the Smithfield animal market and legal reform in London. Shows the relationship of civic improvement tropes, including animal rights, to animal erasure in the form of new foodstuffs from distant meat production sites. The reduction of lives to commodities also informed public abasement of the butchers.

Hubungan Iklim Komunikasi Organisasi dengan Kepuasan Kerja untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Aparatur Pemerintahan Desa

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Bella Oktavianita ◽  
Sarwititi Sarwoprasodjo
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Communication Climate ◽  
Real Relationship ◽  
Village Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

Iklim komunikasi organisasi merupakan persepsi pegawai mengenai peristiwa yang terjadi di lingkungannya. Kantor Desa Cibalung, Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor merupakan salah satu kantor desa yang memiliki berbagai prestasi. Prestasi yang sudah diraih tentu saja tidak lepas dari peran kinerja aparatur pemerintahan desa dan masyarakat yang terlibat dalam menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang produktif dan kepuasaan kerja yang dirasakan. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan iklim komunikasi organisasi dengan kepuasan kerja dan hubungan kepuasan kerja dengan kinerja aparatur pemerintahan desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei dengan kuesioner yang didukung oleh data kualitatif melalui teknik wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur dengan responden sebanyak 36 orang. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan nyata antara iklim komunikasi organisasi dengan kepuasan kerja dan hubungan sangat nyata antara kepuasan kerja dengan kinerja aparatur pemerintahan desa.Kata Kunci: iklim komunikasi, kepuasan kerja, kinerja, komunikasi organisasi=====ABSTRACTOrganizational communication climate was the employee's perception of events that occurred in their environment. The Cibalung Village Office, Cijeruk Subdistrict, Bogor District was one of the village offices that had various achievements. The achievements that have been achieved certainly could not be separated from the role of the performance of the village government apparatus and the community involved in creating a productive work environment and perceived job satisfaction. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship of organizational communication climate with job satisfaction and the relationship of job satisfaction with the performance of village government officials. This study used a quantitative approach through a survey method with a questionnaire supported by qualitative data through in-depth interview techniques and literature studies with 36 respondents. The results obtained indicated that there was a real relationship between organizational communication with job satisfaction and the very obvious relationship between job satisfaction by the performance of the village government apparatus.Keywords: communication climate, job satisfaction, performance, organizational communication

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