scholarly journals Security in Virtual Space: Praxeological Dimension in Security Strategies

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Olena Yatsenko

The article examines sociality as a precondition for becoming a system of social relation and communication, public opinion, and collective beliefs in the virtual space. It is argued that the essence of the social is virtual, such as social roles and hierarchies, habitus and rituals, institutions, and others. It is defined the way of understanding virtual reality as a special communicative space where take place a tendency to the disappearance of personal and public, ethnic and social, or cultural factors of differentiation. Instead, the sociality of cyberspace produces an effective model of social cooperation, which serves as an embodiment of utopian concepts of social order. Following the principles and emphases of interpretation, the problem of sociality in the virtual space determines ways of solving a wide circle of political, economic, ethnic, global, and ecological problems. The sociality of virtual space is characterized by anonymity, intensity, and operationality of its manifestation and influence. Such transformations are explained by the general aggressive nature of Infospace and the pursuit of subjectivity to the maximum of selfactualization. These characteristics emphasize the measurement of new challenges to society’s security and well-being on a global scale.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the good ethics metaphysical basis. As a phenomenon whose nature is transcendent, the good reveals itself in two projective optics. It is on the one hand about the ontological aspects of the good ethics, acting as a being together mode. On the other hand, the relevance of the human charitable nature to the good ethics principles. Thus, the good builds the basis, the output operating mode of co-existence. The phenomenon has objective properties and a universal character. In other words, goodness creates the condition, the nature of the order of being. This logic has traces of Socrates, which identifies concepts: good, knowledge and virtue. Good is a living knowledge that acquires the status of Truth – the knowledge of real. It opens to the person the essence of its purpose, improves and transforms its personality. It is about spiritual knowledge that opens to a person who knows, in the process of mastering the world around him. This knowledge fills the personality with the content, gives uniqueness. It is a living knowledge, aimed at improving the image, its spiritual development, growth. And, consequently, the projection of knowledge-good at the level of society acts as a mechanism for organizing and maintaining social order. A person who through the social context knows the ethical principles of good (love, respect, complicity, etc.), comprehends the laws of the spiritual order. She is an integral part of the order, and thus recognizes itself as real, unique, finds a connection to reality. The transformation of these principles into cultural universal, opens the world to the world as a single whole, an integral part of which is itself. With the explication of meanings, culture «introduces» a person in the previously compiled symbolic-communicative space, forming the ability to understand, with the message, with participation, in general forms an orientation to the community, the integrity of social relations. In this perspective well-being issues are opened. This is the principle of the spiritual knowledge power, realized in accordance with human principles of the good ethics.


Author(s):  
S. A. Druzhilov

Drastic transformations of the social and labor sphere have led to the emergence of new health risks and sanitary and hygienic problems associated with unreliability of employment. A new socio-economic and psychological phenomenon “precarity” has emerged, which has aff ected the employment conditions of employees, so the description of the phenomenon “precarity” needs to be clarifi ed.The forms of labor employment that diff er from the typical model and worsen the employee’s situation are considered. The criteria based on which non-standard employment is considered unstable are given.Generalized types of unstable employment are identifi ed, the specifi city of which is determined by a combination of two factors: working time and the term of the contract. Unstable working conditions are possible not only in informal employment, but also in legal labor relations. Unreliability and instability of labor has an objective character and is a natural manifestation of the emerging economic and social order. The phenomenon of “precarity of employment” appears as a new determinant of the health of employees. The main feature when referring employment and labor relations to the phenomenon of “precarity” is their unreliability.Specifies the terms used: “precariat”; “precarious work”; precompact; the precariat. An essential characteristic of precarious employment is the violation of social and labor rights and lack of job security. A significant indicator of precarity is underemployment. Precarity induces the potential danger of dismissal of the employee and the resulting stress, psychosomatic disorders and pathological processes in the psyche.Precarious employment and related labor relations have become widespread. Many employees are deprived of social guarantees, including those related to labor safety, payment for holidays and temporary disability, and provision of preventive measures. Th is leads to a violation of the state of well-being, as well as the deterioration of individual and public health.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay I. Didenko ◽  
Gulnara F. Romashkina ◽  
Djamilia F. Skripnuk ◽  
Sergei V. Kulik

This article analyses the dynamics of trust in institutions, which underpin the legitimacy of social order, on the basis of a study of the developed Arctic region during the period 2006–2018. The authors considered the principal theoretical concepts on which the study of trust, the well-being of citizens, the assessment of security and compliance with the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens is to be based. It is assumed that the legitimacy of the social order consists in a state where people not only trust specific institutions, but also enjoy a sense of security from threats and the ability to exercise basic rights and freedoms in the presence of a competent authority to protect them in case of violations. The dynamics of the security of the inhabitants of the region, associated with an increase in the level of their well-being, are considered. The structure for retaining the legitimacy of the social order is demonstrated on the basis of a number of indices and model calculations. Configuration analysis was carried out to support the construction of multidimensional models. It was concluded that there has been a dramatic collapse in the social activity of the inhabitants of the Arctic region bordering on social apathy. It is shown that, during the period under study, trust in local authorities significantly declined, while the importance attributed to respecting private property rights increased. Trust in social institutions is shown to be significantly lower than trust in government institutions, contradicting the situation in developed countries. It is recommended that more attention be paid to the functioning of local and municipal authorities governing the Arctic region, who are much more aware of the needs of the inhabitants since they are connected by much denser social ties. The authors substantiate the need to introduce social innovation that allows to diversify communication channels between the government and the public, meet unsatisfied social needs that are not solved by existing institutions and contribute to building trust between different participants.


1983 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Keyes

Although the Thai-Lao peasants living in rain-fed agricultural communities in northeastern Thailand have experienced some improvements in their socioeconomic situation as a consequence of the growth of the Thai economy since the mid-1950s, these peasants still constitute the poorest sector of the population of Thailand. Moreover, the socioeconomic position of the rural northeastern Thai populace has actually declined relative to that of the urban populace and that of the rural populace living in central Thailand. The economic disadvantageous position of Thai-Lao peasants is linked with a sense of being an ethnoregional minority within a polity that has been highly centralized since reforms instituted at the end of the nineteenth century. Much of the social action of Thai-Lao peasants with reference to the political-economic constraints on their world can be understood, as long-term research in one community reveals, as having been impelled by rational calculation aimed at improving the well being of peasant families. The ways in which peasants have assessed in practice the justice of these constraints as well as the ways in which they have assessed the limits to entrepreneurship must be seen, however, as being rooted in moral premises that Thai-Lao villagers have appropriated from Theravada Buddhism as known to them in their popular culture.


Upravlenie ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Кошлякова ◽  
Mariya Koshlyakova

Among the intangible attributes of any social-communicative activities the most important place belongs to the image. Recently it is emerging more and more organizations and persons whose ratings, business reputation, commercial success, and social influence possibilities often depend not so much on their activities’ real characteristics, but on their image, functioning in the social-communicative space. These trends have shaped the social order for the scientific and practical developments related to the image management in the system of social relations. The image management is an information management as a reflection of events at an angle with impression improving. The abundance of the information environment in which a modern man lives has increased significantly, therefore the communicative interaction today is becoming more and more refined and concentrated, when each information message is endowed with a special meaning that has a high potential impact on the target audience. In this regard the image control includes the work with the image audience and the image object. Different audiences have their own information processing, and because of this different approaches are needed in each case. To create an image adequate to target group perception are used such tools as visualization of the image, mythologization, symbolization, archetype and context formation. The subject’s image is formed as if on two main directions. On the one hand it is a compliance with the mass communication channel’s requirements. The second direction in the image formation is reputational characteristics that the audience considers important: trust, authority, and professionalism. In this regard we have subdivided the image management process as following stages: its creation objective formulation, selection of criteria for image evaluation, as well as qualities for image formation, expressive means for these qualities translation and the image adjustment.


Author(s):  
Ronald H. Sunderland

Servanthood is a dominant image of ministry in both Jewish and Christian scriptures, and poses a rich source of material from which to address the theme of human dignity from the perspective of pastoral care. The biblical concept of servanthood, which defines the nature of the pastoral relationship and dignifies the personhood of the care recipient, suggests an approach to the issues of vulnerability of both giver and receiver of care, and proposes that the caring relationship is best conceived as a partnership to which each participant brings gifts. The servant theme implies addressing the notion of the kingship of Christ, how control issues affect the ministry of pastoral care, and the realization that being a servant of the Lord entails a concern for the well being of each individual and of the social order; that is, servant ministry mandates both visiting the sick ( Matthew 25) and seek justice and righteousness as social norms ( Isaiah 16:5).


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Guy Emerson

Abstract This paper charts the mechanics of civic responsibility in preventing violence. Attention centers on divergent practices of responsibilization in Puebla, Mexico, which emanate from both state rationales associated with citizen security initiatives and from community-based measures that confound such official logics. Situated in the workings of governmentality beyond advanced liberalism, the paper proposes a decentering of responsibilization. This requires two steps. First, analysis returns to governmentality as the intersection of technologies of domination and the self but locates the former in relation to nomos rather than logos. That is, responsibilization occurs not exclusively in relation to codes of conduct consistent with official determinations (logos) but also as a socially developed order that exceeds the political, economic, and rational dimensions of government (nomos). Second, it positions technologies of the self amid Michel Foucault's work on the empiricohistorical construction of care of the self. This is a situated care, wherein a responsible individual emerges from the constituent complexity of the social order and her interdependence with other living forms. Far from an art of government wherein individual participation becomes the corollary to the withdrawal of the state, civic responsibility in Puebla is socially embedded and, therefore, need not align with institutional power.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Monk

Sociology provides a framework for addressing the biosocial implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Social science in general, specifically sociology, examines the social implications of disease on social interaction, social structures, and society as a whole [1]. Our social order is a complex system of interrelated parts. Changes in the health and well-being of a population can have a significant impact on the normal function of society. Viral disease has both anticipated and unanticipated consequences for society. It is inevitable that viral disease will spread through out large populations of people. This is particularly the case with respect to densely populated urban centers. The spread of disease is facilitated by our modes and frequency of social contact. The importance of wearing a mask and “physical distancing” are the key factors in addressing the spread of viral disease in a given population.


2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Sanchez Madrid

This paper tackles the construction of social and political values that contemporary Alt-Right politics foster. Its aim will be, first, to tackle the values that Alt-Right parties are spreading at a global scale from the last decade. Second, I will focus on how they address the most precarious social groups for increasing their supporters and how they have built a new model of the social order that gainsays human and civil rights. Finally, I will give an account of some reasons that explain the social failure of classical Leftist political parties, also attempting to transform the ways they accost the former ‘working class’. I engage a dialogue with Zeynep Gambetti and Vladimir Safatle, as both authors have centrally addressed the cultural struggle that populist right parties accomplish on a global scale.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-355
Author(s):  
Ole Henrik Hansen ◽  
Anders Skriver Jensen ◽  
Stig Broström

Teachers and caregivers organize children’s everyday life in early childhood settings to support children’s well-being, learning and development. Teachers’ organizational decisions (e.g. daily schedule, arrangement of furnishings, activities, behavioural expectations) are influenced by a set of ideas, norms and values which they may or may not be conscious of at the time. The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of how democratic, caring and disciplinary values are communicated and negotiated between adults and children (from birth to five) in crèche and preschool settings, with particular attention to whether these values are animated in isolation (e.g. separately from one another) or in a more unified fashion. The conceptual framework for this study is based on previous theories and research on democracy education, communicative action, educational content and children’s democratic formation, caring values and disciplinary values. The researchers analysed video recordings of interactions between children and teachers during lunch, circle time and free activities. The findings reveal the nature and extent to which teachers expect children to follow and participate in the social order that adults have established for them, as well as ways in which empathic practitioners create space for children to influence changes in the social order.


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