Exploring the human–nature relationship of conservation gardeners

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cartwright ◽  
Denise Mitten
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Berryman

This chapter examines the evidence of the ethical treatises regarding Aristotle’s use of the appeal to human nature to provide substantive guidance or justification for the demands of ethics. The so-called function argument, the notion that human beings have a natural direction of development, and the references to natural virtue or natural justice are canvassed as possible grounds for believing that Aristotle was an Archimedean naturalist about ethics. The status and relationship of the various ethical treatises is also discussed, together with the place of ethics within the hierarchy of sciences, as necessary background to the examination of Aristotle’s views.


1974 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 87-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Chase

Cynewulf's dependence on Gregory the Great's Ascension Day homily for the structure and much of the subject matter of Christ II has been acknowledged since 1853. After commenting in some detail on the gospel text for the day (Mark xvi. 14–20) Gregory devotes the final third of his homily to more general reflections – ‘ut aliquid de ipsa tantae solemnitatis consideratione dicamus’ – on the theme of the elevation of human nature in the Lord's ascension: ‘Ascendente vero Domino, est humanitas exaltata.’ Though Cynewulf takes his lead from these general reflections of Gregory at every point, a comparison of poem and homily shows that in doing so he substitutes his own theme of God's continuing presence with man since the ascension in his gifts of grace. This article concerns this thematic change and its implications for the relationship of Christ II to Christ I and Christ III.


1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 903-921
Author(s):  
Rosemary A. Robbins

This paper is an account of studies of the linguistic transformation that took place in ancient Greece between the eighth and fourth centuries B.C., searching for factors which contribute to the shift in how humans perceived themselves. The group or force-field consciousness of the men of the Iliad and the linguistic factors which allowed “individuality” to emerge by the time of Plato is explored. The account relates the emergence of the notion of “madness” to the development of the individual and asks whether madness is an artifact of individuality and explores the relationship of these developments to our present underlying assumption of a duality in human nature composed of the rational and the irrational.


2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreta Poškaitė

Vilnius UniversityThis article deals with the treatment of human talent (cai 才) in pre-imperial and early imperial China and concentrates on its relationship with other Chinese philosophical and anthropological concepts and the general cultural context. On the one hand, it analyses the moral meaning of talent, discussing its relationship with the concept of xian 贤 ( the worthy) in Classical Confucianism, and on the other hand it analyses its relationship with the concept of de 德 (virtue) as it was treated from Classical Confucianism and Legalism to the Six Dynasties. The latter analysis is based mainly on books by Xu Gan Zhong lun 中论 (Balanced Discources) and Liu Shao Renwuzhi 人物志 (The Study of Human Abilities), paying special attention to the infiltration of the Legalist understanding of cai into those books. The second problem discussed here is the relationship of cai and human nature (xing). The author argues that the discussions concerning human resources or talent in pre-imperial and early imperial China were inseparable from the anthropological and philosophical thinking on human nature and from the resolution of political problems. The understanding of human resources in China had from the very beginning a strong motivation for applicability in the political sphere, and this was a contribution not only of Confucian thinkers, but also by the schools of Legalists, Logicians (or School of Names), and Dialecticians (or School of Yin-yang). This could be the reason why the Chinese avoided the mystification, essentialisation and romanticisation of human talent, as happened in Western culture (especially with the titanism of the Renaissance and beyond).


Author(s):  
Chelsea Drent

In Inuktituk, nuna means the land. It means the rocks, rivers, mountains and the forests. Nuna is everything, and all parts of the nuna have an inua, which means a living soul. There is a special, if not sacred relationship between members of northern communities and the nuna. However, these sacred relationships are all too often glossed over, if not forgotten. In the social sciences, author John Sorenson articulates a critical argument and evocative opinions about hunting in his article; Hunting is a Part of Human Nature (John Sorenson, “Hunting is a Part of Human Nature,” Culture of Prejudice, Arguments in Critical Social Science. Eds. Judith Blackwell, Murray Smith, John Sorenson, (Canada: Broadview Press, 2003).Sorenson demonstrates that hunting is an unnatural human activity which is linked to a cultural domination over animals. However, in these statements Sorenson neglects to consider the northern hunter in Inuit communities around the world. Cultural myths, social constructions and daily activities prove that hunting animals is a core value to how many Inuit peoples relate to each other and perceive themselves in the cosmos. This is a study that examines the relationship of people, land, animals and faith in order to understand the significance of hunting within Inuit cultures.


2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Grigoriev

Abstract Despite the centrality of the idea of history to Dewey’s overall philosophical outlook, his brief treatment of philosophical issues in history has never attracted much attention, partly because of the dearth of the available material. Nonetheless, as argued in this essay, what we do have provides an outline of a comprehensive pragmatist view of history distinguished by an emphasis on methodological pluralism and a principled opposition to thinking of historical knowledge in correspondence terms. The key conceptions of Dewey’s philosophy of history discussed in this paper – i.e. historical constitution of human nature, constructivist ontology of historical events, as well as the belief that the proper form of historical judgments is underwritten by the category of continual change – are discussed with a view to the current challenges in philosophy of history, e.g. the contest between naturalism and rationalism, objectivity and relativism, questions surrounding the function of narrative in history, and the relationship of history to the problems of identity and self-knowledge. The intended upshot of the essay is to suggest that Dewey’s brief yet substantial analysis may be capable of supplying the guiding principles for articulating a viable and promising pragmatist (and naturalist) conception of historical knowledge.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
S. S. Savenysheva ◽  
L. A. Golovey ◽  
M. D. Petrash ◽  
O. Yu. Strizhitskaya

The research featured the effect of experienced and daily hassles on self-actualization and psychological wellbeing in adolescents. The  study involved 360 people: 126 men and 234 women aged 20–60  years. The experiment determined the level of experienced stress  and daily hassles, as well as its separate types. The women  demonstrated a significantly higher level. The greatest severity of  daily hassles was observed in the sphere of work, well-being, family,  and finance. A comparative analysis of the level of subjective and  psychological well-being by gender revealed a significantly higher  level of autonomy and competence in men. An analysis of the  features of self-actualization showed that the male group had higher  indicators of self-understanding, autonomy, ability to live in the  present, and professional self-realization, if compared to women. The women demonstrated higher indicators of orientation to universal human values, a more positive view of human nature, and  higher levels of creativity. An analysis of the relationship of  psychological well-being, parameters of self-actualization and stress  revealed their closer ties in women than in men. The level of  experienced stress and daily hassles in men and women was related  to competence, autosympathy, professional self-realization, life  satisfaction, satisfaction of professional activities, and financial  situation. In the male group, the level of daily hassles also depended on a positive view of human nature. The women stressed the  importance of self-acceptance and satisfaction with communication with parents.


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