scholarly journals Korunga (Onobrychis viciifolia) Hipokotil Eksplantlarının In Vitro Rejenerasyon Yeteneğinin Belirlenmesi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin UYSAL ◽  
Tuğba TOPBAŞ
Keyword(s):  
Onobrychis Viciifolia

scholarly journals Effects of a tannin-rich legume (Onobrychis viciifolia) on in vitro ruminal biohydrogenation and fermentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo G. Toral ◽  
Gonzalo Hervás ◽  
Hajer Missaoui ◽  
Sonia Andrés ◽  
Francisco J. Giráldez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Ruminal Biohydrogenation

<p>There is still controversy surrounding the ability of tannins to modulate the ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) of fatty acids (FA) and improve the lipid profile of milk or meat without conferring a negative response in the digestive utilization of the diet. Based on this, an <em>in vitro</em> trial using batch cultures of rumen microorganisms was performed to compare the effects of two legume hays with similar chemical composition but different tannin content, alfalfa and sainfoin (<em>Onobrychis viciifolia</em>), on the BH of dietary unsaturated FA and on the ruminal fermentation. The first incubation substrate, alfalfa, was practically free of tannins, while the second, sainfoin, contained 3.5% (expressed as tannic acid equivalents). Both hays were enriched with sunflower oil as a source of unsaturated FA. Most results of the lipid composition analysis (<em>e.g.</em>, greater concentrations of 18:2n-6, <em>cis</em>-9 18:1 or total polyunsaturated FA in sainfoin incubations) showed the ability of this tannin-containing legume to inhibit the BH process. However, no significant differences were detected in the accumulation of <em>cis</em>-9 <em>trans</em>-11 conjugated linoleic acid, and variations in <em>trans</em>-11 18:1 and<em> trans</em>-11 <em>cis</em>-15 18:2 did not follow a regular pattern. Regarding the rumen fermentation, gas production, ammonia concentration and volatile FA production were lower in the incubations with sainfoin (‒17, ‒23 and ‒11%, respectively). Thus, although this legume was able to modify the ruminal BH, which might result in improvements in the meat or milk lipid profile, the present results were not as promising as expected or as obtained before with other nutritional strategies.</p>

scholarly journals Potential To Reduce Escherichia coli Shedding in Cattle Feces by Using Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Forage, Tested In Vitro and In Vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie C. Berard ◽  
Richard A. Holley ◽  
Tim A. McAllister ◽  
Kim H. Ominski ◽  
Karin M. Wittenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cattle Feces ◽  
Animal Trial ◽  
Acetone Extracts

ABSTRACT There is a growing concern about the presence of pathogens in cattle manure and its implications on human and environmental health. The phytochemical-rich forage sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and purified phenolics (trans-cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) were evaluated for their ability to reduce the viability of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, including E. coli O157:H7. MICs were determined using purified phenolics and acetone extracts of sainfoin and alfalfa (Medicago sativa), a non-tannin-containing legume. Ground sainfoin or pure phenolics were mixed with fresh cattle feces and inoculated with a ciprofloxacin-resistant strain of E. coli, O157:H7, to assess its viability at −20�C, 5�C, or 37�C over 14 days. Forty steers were fed either a sainfoin (hay or silage) or alfalfa (hay or silage) diet over a 9-week period. In the in vitro study, the MICs for coumaric (1.2 mg/ml) and cinnamic (1.4 mg/ml) acids were 10- to 20-fold lower than the MICs for sainfoin and alfalfa extracts. In the inoculated feces, the −20�C treatment had death rates which were at least twice as high as those of the 5�C treatment, irrespective of the additive used. Sainfoin was less effective than coumaric acid in reducing E. coli O157:H7 Cipr in the inoculated feces. During the animal trial, fecal E. coli numbers declined marginally in the presence of sainfoin (silage and hay) and alfalfa silage but not in the presence of hay, indicating the presence of other phenolics in alfalfa. In conclusion, phenolic-containing forages can be used as a means of minimally reducing E. coli shedding in cattle without affecting animal production.

In vitro effects of extracts and purified tannins of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) against two cattle nematodes

2013 ◽  
Vol 196 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Novobilský ◽  
E. Stringano ◽  
C. Hayot Carbonero ◽  
L.M.J. Smith ◽  
H.L. Enemark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Effect of sainfoin on in vitro digestion of fresh alfalfa and bloat in steers

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. McMahon ◽  
W. Majak ◽  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
J. W. Hall ◽  
G. A. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Ad Libitum

The effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) on digestion of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Fresh alfalfa and sainfoin were incubated in an artificial rumen (Rusitec) in ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 (as-fed). Disappearances of dry matter and N from sainfoin were 77 and 65% of those from alfalfa, respectively. Protease and endoglucanase activities, NH3-N and methane production declined (P < 0.05) as sainfoin increased. Bacterial numbers and microbial outputs were unchanged (P > 0.05), but cells incorporated more 15NH3N as sainfoin in the diet increased. Chopped leaves (100:0, 95:5 and 90:10 alfalfa:sainfoin) were incubated for 48 h with diluted ruminal fluid containing 0 or 50 mg polyethylene glycol, which binds tannins. Gas and volatile fatty acid productions were similar (P > 0.05) across treatments, but including 10% sainfoin (without polyethylene glycol) reduced (P < 0.05) NH3 concentrations between 8 and 24 h. Sainfoin tannins reduced degradation of forage protein without affecting the digestibility of the nonprotein fraction. Alfalfa herbage was fed alone or with early- to full-bloom sainfoin herbage (at 10 or 20% of ad libitum alfalfa dry matter intake) or with sainfoin hay or pellets, to eight Jersey steers in crossover trials conducted over 4 yr. Including sainfoin in the diet reduced (P < 0.001) the incidence of bloat by 45 to 93% in 3 of 4 yr, irrespective of the form in which it was supplied. Co-feeding sainfoin can markedly reduce the incidence of bloat in ruminants consuming fresh alfalfa. Key words: Alfalfa, sainfoin, bloat, condensed tannins

scholarly journals Micropropagation of some Onobrychis species through in vitro shoot regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Satı Uzun ◽  
Duran YÜKSELGÜNGÖR
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Onobrychis species have an extensive spread in Turkey and adapted to various environmental conditions. In this study, it was aimed to propagate with tissue culture methods of endemic Onobrychis fallax Freyn & Sint. ex Freyn var. longifolia Aktoklu, Onobrychis stenostachya subsp. sosnowskyi, Onobrychis elata Boiss. & Balansa and worldwide commonly cultivated Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. species. For this purpose, cotyledon node explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing various concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ) or meta-Topolin (mT) alone or in combination with 0.5 mg L–1 NAA. Significant variations in number of shoots per explant was observed depending on the species and growth regulators. The greatest number of shoots per explant was obtained from 1.2 mg L–1 TDZ treatments in O. stenostachya, O. fallax and O. elata and from 0.3 mg L–1 TDZ treatments in O. viciifolia, whereby 10.58, 9.50, 5.5, 6.42 shoots were recorded. Resultant shoots were rooted in half strength MS nutrient media containing 1 or 2 mg L–1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The rooting ratio was 86.11% in O. viciifolia, 50.00% in O. stenostachya and 36.11% in O. fallax and O. elata.

scholarly journals Use an Organic Biostimulant (Vermicompost Tea) For Enhancement In Vıtro Callus Growth in Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Ramazan Beyaz ◽  
Fevziye Şüheyda Hepşen Türkay
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Callus Initiation ◽  
Vermicompost Tea

The health and vitality of callus growth is one of the prerequisites for the success of further in vitro studies. This study investigated the efficiency of different percentage (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) of vermicompost tea as an organic substance on in vitro callus growth in sainfoin. Morpho-physiological responses of calli to vermicompost tea measured under in vitro conditions. As a result of this investigation, a combination of plant growth regulators (4 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA) with 20% of vermicompost tea causing significant callus initiation and growth in sainfoin stem explants. Under the light of these scientific findings, vermicompost tea might be used as an organic bio stimulant for efficient callus growth and complementary to commercial chemical hormones in sainfoin. This research is important due to it can contribute positively to the plant species that are difficult in terms of callus growth and plant regeneration in tissue culture.

scholarly journals Impact of variation in structure of condensed tannins from sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia ) on in vitro ruminal methane production and fermentation characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hatew ◽  
E. Stringano ◽  
I. Mueller-Harvey ◽  
W. H. Hendriks ◽  
C. Hayot Carbonero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Bioencapsulation and Ultrastructural Features of Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) GrownIn VivoandIn Vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sadegh Mohajer ◽  
Rosna Mat Taha ◽  
Minoo Mohajer ◽  
Arash Khorasani Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Somatic Embryogenic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

To explore the potential ofin vitrorapid regeneration, three varieties (Golpaygan-181, Orumieh-1763, and Gorgan-1601) of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifoliaScop. syn.Onobrychis sativaL.) were evaluated. For the first time, an encapsulation protocol was established from somatic embryogenic callus in torpedo and cotyledonary stages to create artificial seeds. Callus derived from different concentrations of Kinetin (0–2.0 mg L−1) and Indole-3-acetic acid (0–2.0 mg L−1) was coated with sodium alginate and subsequently cultured either in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium or in soil substrate. Adventitious shoots from synthetic beads developed into rooting in full and half strength MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of auxin and cytokinin. Prolonged water conservation of black and red soils (1 : 1) had the highest rate of survival plantlets in the acclimatization process. Diverse resistance techniques inOnobrychis viciifoliawere evaluated when the plants were subjected to water deficiency. Higher frequency of epicuticular waxes was observed inin vivoleaves compared toin vitroleaves. Jagged trichomes nonsecreting glands covered by spines were only observed in the lower leaf side. Ultimately, stomata indices were 0.127 (abaxial), 0.188 (adaxial) inin vivoand 0.121 (abaxial), 0.201 (adaxial) inin vitroleaves.

The effect of sodium hypochlorite solutions on in vitro seedling growth and regeneration capacity of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) hypocotyl explants

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 1161-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Yildiz ◽  
Hayrettin Ekiz
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Hypocotyl Explants ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia

Yildiz, M. and Ekiz, H. 2014. The effect of sodium hypochlorite solutions on in vitro seedling growth and regeneration capacity of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) hypocotyl explants. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1161–1164. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%) and temperatures (10, 20 and 30°C) of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions on in vitro seed germination, seedling growth and regeneration capacity of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) hypocotyl explants. All parameters were negatively affected by concentrations of NaOCl over 2% and temperatures over 20°C while the best results were obtained when seeds were surface-sterilized with 2% NaOCl at 20°C for 30 min. following a pretreatment with 95% ethanol.

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