scholarly journals A COMMUNITY OF SECRETS: STIGMATIZATION OF FORMER HANSEN’S DISEASE PATIENTS AND THEIR GENERATIONS IN KAMPUNG SINAR BARU, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Kaur ◽  
Atiqah Abd-Rahim ◽  
Anis Jahoring ◽  
Joanna Edut ◽  
Arif Jawaid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
State Government ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Past Experiences

In the early 19th century in Sarawak, Hansen’s disease or leprosy became a reportable disease where the unfortunate victims were forcibly segregated to a leprosarium, leaving behind family, relatives and future. The image of claw hands or toes and rot noses were associated with the unclean and the sinful. This chronic transmissible affliction made a great panic to the state government to ostracize sufferers in an isolated settlement back in the 1920s. Fortunately, the infection can be cured but negative attitudes towards the former leprosy patients persist until now. This paper is based on ethnographic work that explores the stigma experienced and challenges faced by former leprosy patients and their generation. The research findings are based on three months of fieldwork with seven former sufferers and three children of former sufferers who live in Kampung Sinar Baru, Kota Padawan, Sarawak, a resettlement village for the former leprosy patients. The findings reveal their dreadful past experiences on compulsory segregation in Rajah Charles Brooke Memorial Hospital (RCBMH) where they were forced to be separated from family and hometown which still haunt them till today. In addition, former patients suffer mental health consequences and humiliation from the effects of treatment and also from visible deformities. Nevertheless, they believe that the stigmatization is less severe now than in the past and empathy from society makes them become more independent.

scholarly journals Clinico-bacterial correlation of bacterial index in Hansen’s disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 998-1000
Author(s):  
SM Jha ◽  
AKS Dangol ◽  
S Shakya ◽  
B Jha
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Tuberculoid Leprosy ◽  
Classi Cation ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Bacterial Index

Background: Leprosy has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Clinical information along with Bacterial evidence is necessary to achieve accurate diagnosis. The present study was carried out to nd out clinical and bacterial correlation in various presentations according to Ridley Jopling classi cation of Hansen’s Disease. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital based cross-sectional comparative study of 72 leprosy patients over a period of 1 year and it’s clinico-Bacterial correlation was done with the help of Slit Skin Smear and clinical classi cation. Results: This study included 72 leprosy patients at various stages according to Ridley Jopling classi cation. Maximum cases belonged to Borderline Tuberculoid leprosy 28(38.88%) followed by Tuberculoid leprosy 15(20.83%). Slit Skin Smear showed 12(42.85%) of Borderline Tuberculoid and 3(20%) of Tuberculoid cases had disparity and didn’t match corresponding clinical subtype. Conclusion: Clinical features along with Bacterial index is useful in making accurate diagnosis so that appropriate treatment could be started and hence deformity and disability could be prevented. 

Protective role of vitamin E on the oxidative stress in Hansen's disease (Leprosy) patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vijayaraghavan ◽  
C S Suribabu ◽  
B Sekar ◽  
P K Oommen ◽  
S N Kavithalakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Leprosy Patients

Two centuries of innovation, transformation and transition in the UK gas industry: Where next?

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter JG Pearson ◽  
Stathis Arapostathis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gas System ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Past Experiences

Britain’s gas system developed in the early 1800s. Over the past two centuries the system and its local, national and international networks have experienced much socio-technical innovation, governance changes and six key transitions. Since the Climate Change Act of 2008, it faces a seventh challenging transition as the UK moves uncertainly towards a low-carbon energy system, including decarbonising electricity, heat and transport. The paper explores: the origins of the system by Murdoch, Boulton and Watt; the early 19th century development of local gas networks; innovative responses to, inter alia, the challenge of incandescent electric light from the 1880s, including the expansion of the customer base and the development and active promotion of cooking and heat services – the growth, fragmentation and incoherence of the industry between the two World Wars; the post-war period that saw the industry nationalised in 1948, as the multi-fuel economy developed; the institutional, technical and social challenges associated with the conversion to North Sea natural gas in the 1960s; and innovation and change in response to the challenges that flowed from the privatisation of British Gas in 1987. The paper shows how examining past processes of innovation, transition and transformation through the lens of institutional ‘governance logics’ helps appreciate the challenges faced by system actors, technologies, institutions and regulators in the past and offers insights into the issues posed by the low-carbon transition. The paper begins by outlining some analytical concepts used in the analysis. We then examine the regime’s six past transitions. The paper concludes by considering what insights these past experiences suggest for a seventh transition towards a low-carbon economy, for the future governance of the UK gas system and its networks and particularly for natural gas.

scholarly journals Treatment for leprosy patients in Japan. Chemotherapy of Hansen's disease in Japan-present status.

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Masamichi Goto ◽  
Shigeki Miyagi ◽  
Hideo Takizawa ◽  
Shin-ichi Kitajima
Keyword(s):  
Present Status ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Leprosy Patients

scholarly journals Negative attitudes towards borderline personality disorder patients in Spanish mental health and primary care services: mHealth, a possible solution? /Actituds negatives envers pacients amb trastorn límit de la personalitat als serveis de salut mental i d’assistència primària espanyols: mHealth, una possible solució?

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Eudald Castell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Number Of Patients

Summary. The purpose of this project was to study negative attitudes exhibited by mental health professionals toward patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) as a function of their work area (general health vs. mental health), profession, the quantity of patients with BPD they have treated over the past year, their number of years of experience in mental health, and their gender. The study used a sample of 310 professionals. We also explored how the professionals’ interest in using an innovative technological application (Medtep DBT) interacted with some of these variables, as well as the potential of the application to help change negative attitudes. Significant differences in attitude were found based on work area, profession, quantity of patients with BPD treated over the past and gender. Furthermore, profession, number of patients and years of experience in mental health determined significant differences in the professionals’ degree of interest in using Medtep DBT. Moreover, those with higher negative attitudes showed less interest in the application and a lesser willingness to try it. These results highlight the need to keep investigating how to improve the attitudes of healthcare professionals, especially nursing staff and family doctors, since they appear to be more susceptible to the development of negative attitudes. As a conclusion, we infer that the lack of empathy towards patients with BPD, the difficulties in their treatment and the years of experience in mental health all act as barriers to the implementation of the application. Resum. L’objectiu d’aquest estudi ha estat investigar les actituds negatives de professionals de la salut mental envers pacients amb Trastorn Límit de la Personalitat (TLP) en funció de la seva àrea de treball, la seva professió, pacients amb TLP tractats al darrer any, anys d’experiència en salut mental i sexe en una mostra de 310 professionals. A més a més s’han explorat, en base a part d’aquestes mateixes variables, el seu interès a usar una aplicació tecnològica innovadora (Medtep DBT) per al tractament d’aquests pacients així com la possibilitat que aquesta servís per a reduir les possibles actituds negatives. S’han trobat diferències significatives en les actituds en funció de l’àrea de treball, la professió, el nombre de pacients amb TLP tractats el darrer any i el sexe. La professió, el nombre de pacients i els anys d’experiència en salut mental també han determinat diferències significatives quant a l’interès a usar Medtep DBT. Aquells professionals amb majors actituds negatives han mostrat un menor interès i una menor disposició a utilitzar l’aplicació. Aquests resultats demostren la necessitat de seguir investigant com millorar les actituds d’aquests professionals, especialment dels d’infermeria i dels metges de capçalera, en ser els més vulnerables a desenvolupar-les. Com a conclusió es poden assenyalar la falta d’empatia envers pacients amb TLP, les dificultats en el seu tractament i els anys d’experiència en salut mental com a barreres en la implementació de l’aplicació. 

scholarly journals Acceptability of Immunoprophylaxis and/or Chemoprophylaxis for Household Contacts of Patients with Hansen’s Disease: A Prospective, Single-Center, Mixed Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armi D.V. Espiridion-Calma ◽  
Belen L. Dofitas ◽  
Maria Elinor Grace Q. Sison
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
Leprosy Patients

Objectives. Leprosy is an infectious disease affecting the skin and nerves caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Closer physical distance was found to increase risk transmission. Thus, targeted provision of prophylactic medications to household contacts of patients with leprosy could possibly aid in decreasing its incidence in a cost-effective manner. This study aimed to determine the attitudes towards disclosure of the diagnosis of leprosy and acceptance of immuno- and chemoprophylaxis for household contacts of patients undergoing treatment in a dermatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Methods. We conducted a prospective, single-center, cross-sectional and mixed methods study at a dermatology clinic of a tertiary hospital. All diagnosed leprosy patients, household contacts of leprosy patients, and individuals with no leprosy and no known contact with a leprosy case were invited. Eligible participants who gave consent were included in the cross-sectional survey, followed by in-depth interviews of selected participants. STATA 12 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize information. Chi-square was computed to obtain a measure of association of important variables. The field notes and the verbatim transcriptions of the interviews and narratives were filed using an analytic memo system. Results. Fifty-five participants (22 Hansen’s disease patients, 13 household contacts, and 20 individuals unaffected by and unexposed to leprosy) were enrolled. Mean age of respondents was 38 years, 60% were female, and 85% were living in an urban setting. Majority of the patients with leprosy were borderline lepromatous (45%) to lepromatous type (27%) with mean treatment duration of 13 months. Overall, the respondents were willing to disclose the diagnosis of leprosy to their household members to facilitate provision of prophylaxis. They were also generally willing to receive prophylaxis despite potential side effects, expense, incomplete protection, and the need for yearly assessment for the development of leprosy. All respondents felt hopeful about the availability of medications that can prevent the development of leprosy and its complications, with some feeling anxious and only a few being embarrassed about receiving them. Conclusions. Prophylactic medications were found to be generally acceptable despite some concerns. There is also a willingness to disclose the diagnosis of leprosy to facilitate the targeted provision of prophylaxis to household contacts.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Psychosocial Aspects of COVID-19 in India: The Challenges and Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Shankar Das
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Causal Pathways ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Mental Health Effects ◽  
The Impact

The first-ever global outbreak of COVID-19 has been intensely impacting humanity and continues to affect all segments of the population since its origin While dealing with such public health emergencies, the past experiences have testified generalised public fear and anxieties due to uncertainty, fatality, and lack of public health preparedness. The aim of the article is to explore the impact of this unprecedented environment on mental health of individuals and communities in its current magnitude. It will discuss at length some emerging concepts of the causal pathways of mental distress/disorders and suggest strategies to prevent and promote mental health in individuals during this crisis. For the general population at large, the mental health effects of COVID-19 are as important to address as are the physical health effects.

Use of mental health services in the past 12 months by children aged 4-17 years: United States, 2005-2006

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria A. Simpson ◽  
Robin A. Cohen ◽  
Patricia N. Pastor ◽  
Cynthia A. Reuben
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
The Past
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