scholarly journals Milieu Relevance of Melanin’s Antiviral Effects and Interventions to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Preventative Treatment ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Antiviral Effects ◽  
The World

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected melanin dominant people, while on the continent of Africa, this novel strain does not appear to have decimated the population. Contrary to many scientific expectations, native Africans on the continent are less impacted compared to the global number of infections in other regions of the world. Therefore, an analysis of the role of melanin and milieu should be assessed by healthcare providers who have a concern for melanin-dominant populations. Questions are raised that Melanin has antiviral effects and there are additional factors derived from comorbidity that impact the susceptibility to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) embedded in institutional racism (aka the system of white supremacy-Milieu). Dietary practices, access to healthcare, lifestyle and genetics can influence the severity of illnesses associated with contracting this virulent coronavirus via intense erratic activation of the immune system among those subjected to a plethora of chronic societal stressors. In summary, this article will address the effects of this crisis on people of African descent and suggest alternative treatments as an intermediary, rather than exclusive reliance on a vaccine as preventative treatment. The relevance of such discourse is critical given America’s medical history, which has fostered profound distrust among her melanin-dominant citizenry.

Role of Vitamins, Minerals and Herbs in Strengthening immune system against the newly Emerging Viral Disease SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Ajay I. Patel ◽  
Pooja R. Maru ◽  
Ashok B. Patel ◽  
Amitkumar J. Vyas ◽  
Nilesh K. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection Attack mainly on the immune system of the body. The current pandemic situation of COVID-19 has broken the social-economical Condition of the World. The Available Allopathic drug Paramedical system is attempting to manage the symptoms. But, there are no significant effects of the available drug system. So, it is better to move toward a supplement system that improves the body's immune system. Herbs, Minerals, and Vitamins can be boosting body immunity and prevent the respiratory Viral Disease SARS-CoV-2. It gives its response in the Primary Stage of COVID-19. So, it is better to towards the natural herbals, Minerals, and vitamins which can improve the immunity of the body and it can possibly prevent the viral infection.

scholarly journals The SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic and the Role of Honey and its Products as an Emerging Therapeutic Regime: A Review

BioMedica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2S) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Fatima Tuz Zahra ◽  
Sidrah Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Ayesha Ghazal ◽  
Usman Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Antiviral Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Regime ◽  
The World ◽  
Initial Source ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

<p>The outbreak of pneumonia that broke out in Wuhan, in December 2019, later rapidly spread to the rest of the world. This was identified as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [officially renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] caused by a zoonotic beta Coronavirus entitled 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The aim of this study was to summarize the biological features of SARSCoV-2, its clinical features and the possible antiviral effect of honey against SARS-CoV-2. For this purpose, recently published literature, official documents and selected up-to-date preprint studies were reviewed. The initial source of SARS-CoV-2 is still unknown but a possible animal-to-human transmission is indicated. Human spread of SARS-CoV-2 is due to droplet spread. The infected individual may present as symptomatic or asymptomatic, this varies from patient to patient mainly depending upon his/her immunity. To combat the current pandemic various modalities are under study, an important and harmless way of treatment might be the use of honey. Various studies have demonstrated antiviral effects of honey. Propolis and honey have shown promising anti-viral effect against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, the combined effect of honey and its products might open a door for developing a safe and highly efficient natural drug against COVID-19<br />infection.</p>

Plasma therapy a possible hope to fight against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravikant Piyush ◽  
Aroni Chatterjee ◽  
Shashikant Ray
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Wild Fire ◽  
The World ◽  
Short Span ◽  
Game Changer

The world is currently going through a disastrous event and a catastrophic upheaval caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic has resulted in loss of more than 150000 deaths across the globe. Originating from China and spreading across all continents within a short span of time, it has become a matter of international emergency. Different agencies are adopting diverse approaches to stop and spread of this viral disease but still now nothing confirmatory has come up. Due to lack of vaccines and proper therapeutic drugs, the disease is still spreading like wild fire without control. An Old but very promising method- the convalescent plasma therapy could be the key therapy to stop this pandemic. This method has already proven its mettle on several occasions previously and has been found to be effective in curing the pandemics induced by Ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the same group of β-Coronavirus that has resulted in the above diseases. Therefore, the role of plasma therapy is being explored for treatment of this disease. In this review, we have mainly focused on the role of convalescent plasma therapy and why its use should be promoted in fight against COVID-19, as it could turn out to be a game changer.

scholarly journals Thromboses and Hemostasis Disorders Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019: The Possible Causal Role of Cross-Reactivity and Immunological Imprinting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darja Kanduc
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Almost All

AbstractBy examining the issue of the thromboses and hemostasis disorders associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) through the lens of cross-reactivity, it was found that 60 pentapeptides are shared by SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (gp) and human proteins that— when altered, mutated, deficient or, however, improperly functioning— cause vascular diseases, thromboembolic complications, venous thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathies, and bleeding, inter alia. The peptide commonality has a relevant immunological potential as almost all of the shared sequences are present in experimentally validated SARS-CoV-2 spike gp-derived epitopes, thus supporting the possibility of cross-reactions between the viral gp and the thromboses-related human proteins. Moreover, many of the shared peptide sequences are also present in pathogens to which individuals have previously been exposed following natural infection or vaccinal routes, and of which the immune system has stored imprint. Such an immunological memory might rapidly trigger anamnestic secondary cross-reactive responses of extreme affinity and avidity, in this way explaining the thromboembolic adverse events that can associate with SARS-CoV-2 infection or active immunization.

Looking into a New Challenge, DKA and Covid-19 A Review on Pediatric DKA Cases during New Coronavirus Pandemic Who is to Blame, the Virus or Health System?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Vida Tajiknia ◽  
Maryam Ghandali ◽  
Ardavan Ahmadvand ◽  
Ali Afrasiabi ◽  
Reza Pirdehghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
The World ◽  
Existing Data

Since the first month of this new pandemic situation, all around the world healthcare system has been facing different challenges and difficulties; patients with chronic diseases such as cancer or diabetes with impaired immune system were at greater risk of infections and complications. It goes without saying that this issue was extremely important among pediatric clinicians dealing with diabetic pediatrics. Diabetes is the number one chronic illness among pediatric patients and the most dangerous and frightened complication of it is Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Studies have shown a strong association between pandemic and increase in new diabetes type 1 cases and its lethal complication called DKA. Here we are going to take a look at existing data and report about cases with this condition trying to find the missing piece of a big puzzle; what is the role of Covid-19 in causing Diabetes in previously healthy kids and what is the real association between SARS-COV2 virus infection and DKA? We are going to review different studies, possible mechanism, new t1dm cases and old cases, with or without covid infection, DKA cases and its severity.

scholarly journals SPIKE PROTEIN AND ITS PROTEASES ROLE IN SARS-COV-2 PATHOGENICITY AND TREATMENT; A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Tavakoli Far ◽  
◽  
Ehsan Amiri-Ardekani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Cathepsin B ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Common Receptor ◽  
The World

Since December 2019, a novel beta coronavirus has spread around the world. This virus can cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). In this study, we reviewed proteases of SARS-CoV-2 based on related articles published in journals indexed by Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar from December 2019 to April 2020. Based on this study, we can claim that this coronavirus has about 76% genotype similarity to SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Also, similarities between these two viruses have been found in the mechanism of entry into host cells and pathogenicity. ACE 2, the angiotensin convertase enzyme 2, plays a role in the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS) and blood pressure regulation. Some mechanisms have been reported for the role of ACE 2 in the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. For example, the interaction between the ACE 2 receptor and spike protein mediated by TMPRSS2, Cathepsin B/L, and other enzymes is responsible for the entry of the virus into human cells and pathogenicity. Some host cell endosomal enzymes are necessary to cleavage coronavirus spike protein and cause binding to their common receptor. So, we conclude that molecules like antibodies or small molecules like ACE 2 antagonists and soluble ACE 2 can be used as a good therapeutic candidate to prevent SARS-CoV-2.

CORONAVIRUS: Pathology, Immunology and Therapies.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Clinical Protocols ◽  
Biochemical Mechanism ◽  
The Family

Abstract Coronavirus is a family of positive single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family of coronaviridae. Coronavirus-19 infection (COVID-19) has appeared in 2019 and so there is no effective treatment that can eradicate it. The objective of this review is to present data on cellular and molecular characteristic of virus infection and also elucidate all molecular associated events with covid-19 infection in patients. The infection in humans can cause diseases ranging from a common cold to more serious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The disease that it transmits (Covid-19) cannot be cured with conventional treatments. However, a large number of protocols have been implemented based on the sequels that it produces. In this review we summarize 1) the role of immune system against this pathogen as well as the biochemical mechanism by which squealed is responsible for disease progression 2) the possibility or not that patients who have suffered the disease have antibodies against the virus and 3) the clinical protocols used in order to mitigate induced-damage by virus.

scholarly journals (A48) The Role of Nurse Leader and Humanitarian: Disaster Planning, Management, and Evaluation

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s14-s14
Author(s):  
J. Mcglown
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Disaster Planning ◽  
Leadership Education ◽  
Nurse Leader ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Service ◽  
Research Scholarship ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
Honor Society

In the blink of an eye, a disaster caused by either natural or man-made hazard can change the sociocultural, psychological, physiological, and geopolitical integrity of all those that are directly and indirectly impacted. Disasters occur in every part of the world and are nondiscriminatory. Nurses, as the largest group of healthcare providers worldwide, are and should be at the center of disaster planning, management, and evaluation. Nurses are there when prevention is needed, during the crisis, and when the cameras and media are gone and the real work of recovery begins. Nurses remain there when the evaluation of the response, in its broadest sense, occurs and when recommendations must be made for applicable modification prior to the next disaster, as nurses are aware there will be more on the way somewhere in the world. As the second largest nursing organization in the world, the Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI), has committed to being a leader in improving the health of the world's citizens. This leadership extends to being at the forefront of disaster planning, management, and evaluation. Through its member's use of knowledge, research, scholarship, service, and learning, STTI has created an environment in which they will impact the shaping of how nurses plan for, respond to, and evaluate disasters globally. This presentation will highlight the expertise that STTI has in the area of disaster planning, management, and evaluation, as well as the work that leaders are conducting to make an impact on the world during times of such crises. Discussion also will center on how STTI is continuing to provide leadership, education, service, and research opportunities in the area of disaster planning, management, and evaluation that can be applied throughout the world.

scholarly journals Nonwestern Periphery and its Paradoxes: Reflections for Struggles in the 21st Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Saggioro Garcia
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
World System ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
The World ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
Economic Mechanisms

What has historically been the role of the nonwestern semiperiphery (what was it expected to do and what did it really do) and how has this role changed in recent years? In their article “Moving toward Theory for the 21st Century: The Centrality of Nonwestern Semiperiphery to World Ethnic/Racial Inequality”, Wilma Dunaway and Donald Clelland provide important contributions to the efforts to rethink global inequalities and the potential to transform the capitalist world-system. Presenting a wealth of data compiled in graphs and tables, the article aims to decenter analysis of global ethnic/racial inequality by bringing the nonwestern semiperiphery to the foreground. In their examination of the rise of the nonwestern semiperiphery, the authors question the popular “global apartheid model”, which identifies “white supremacy” as the sole cause of global ethnic/racial inequality. Their goal is to demonstrate that the nonwestern semiperiphery intensifies and exacerbates ethnic and racial inequalities in the world further by adopting political and economic mechanisms to exploit territories and workers both within and beyond their borders.

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