scholarly journals Organ Shortage, Will People's Knowledge be a Path to the Solution?

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Cantarovich Félix
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
University Education ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Organ Shortage ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
Main Protagonist

Organ shortage transforming death into life, which is what organ transplants symbolize, needs the end of somebody life, a scientific miracle of our times, but as well a social problem. Prejudices or ignorance inhibits to offering life to another human being. The consequence of this conflicting situation is that patients waiting for transplantation, “unfairly” die every day. States and Social Security should be involved in this problem. Programming efficient education will be important for change social conduct towards organ donation. As well, several studies emphasize the persistence of an insufficient university medical teams training in transplantation. Organ shortage and waiting lists patient’s mortality is a failure of social communication on organ donation and transplantation. Proposals to review social and university education in current organ shortage crisis might be an ethical duty for states health and education officials. Solidarity is a positive people’s feeling, nevertheless faced with death of a loved one; it does not seem to be an enough reason to justify authorization to donate. For many people, organ donation represents a perverse and unjustified action of mutilation. Considering the negative reactions that often can occur in the moment in which the alternative of deciding the donation of organs of a loved one is presented; we have proposed the inclusion in the social education plans the following concepts: • Organ shortage is a health emergency. • Throughout our lives, we might need organ or tissue transplantation. • Our body after death is a unique source of health to be shared. • Organ donation meant to” share life” more than “to gift life”. • Organ donation should be a social agreement. • People should know the social risks involved in establishing economic incentives for donation. This analysis is made to provide a basic knowledge of a vital medical crisis, and to suggest to decision makers of educational programs useful suggestions for this serious problem. In addition, and very particularly this work is directed to the Society, the main protagonist of this problem, requiring to receiving a correct and detailed information on the dilemma of the lack of organs, in quest that the donation decision will be an act of full awareness. A french philosopher, Jean Rostand has said "To dream you have to know".

Ethical criteria of civilization choice

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-113
Author(s):  
Mykhaylo Loshchinin ◽  
Yurii Privalov ◽  
Yuriy Sapelkin
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ethical Criteria

The article discusses the understanding of civilizational choice as a sequence of political, social, cultural and other historical events. An assessment is made of the scale of social actions aimed at the civilizational reversal of society. The authors attempted to assess the risks of civilizational choice along the social vertical, using previously developed theoretical models of social risks for a socially heterogeneous society. In the course of the study, different phenomena related to the solution of the problem of ethics of civilizational choice were considered.

SOCIAL INSURANCE IN RUSSIA: STATE, CURRENT CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES TO THEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-95
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Migranova ◽  
◽  
Valentin D. Roik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Social Insurance Fund ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mandatory Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Funds

The article deals with the issues of functioning of the social insurance institution, the organizational-legal and financial forms of which are presented by the state extrabudgetary social funds - Pension Fund of Russia, Mandatory Social Insurance Fund and Mandatory Health Insurance Fund. It considers the main characteristics of social insurance: a) scope of covering the employed population by insurance protection; b) contribution rates as related to wages; c) level of protection of population incomes (pensions and benefits as related to wages and subsistence minimum); d) availability of quality medical assistance and rehabilitation services. There are analyzed the present social risks and problems of the RF insurance system. The main problem is that the amount of financial expenditures on all types of social insurance per beneficiary is about half that of most developed and developing countries. The primary cause is lacking motivation of both employees and employers to participate in the mandatory social insurance and to legalize their earnings. In the conclusion there are formulated a number of proposals for improvement of the institution of social insurance in Russia. It is proposed to expand the range of insurance cases concerning unemployment insurance and care for elderly people, to increase the total amount of compulsory contributions to extrabudgetary insurance funds from 30.2% up to 42.5% from three sources - employees, employers and the state.

WORK-BASED LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPERIENCE AND CHALLENGES OF LEARNERS, WORKPLACES AND INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Roosipõld ◽  
Krista Loogma ◽  
Mare Kurvits ◽  
Kristina Murtazin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Constructivist Learning Theory ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Restaurant Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University ◽  
Social Constructivist Learning

In recent years, providing higher education in the form of work-based learning has become more important in the higher education (HE) policy and practice almost in all EU countries. Work-based learning (WBL) in HE should support the development of competences of self-guided learners and adjust the university education better to the needs of the workplace. The study is based on two pilot projects of WBL in HE in Estonia: Tourism and Restaurant Management professional HE programme and the master’s programme in Business Information Technology. The model of integrative pedagogy, based on the social-constructivist learning theory, is taken as a theoretical foundation for the study. A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with the target groups. The data analysis used a horizontal analysis to find cross-cutting themes and identify patterns of actions and connections. It appears, that the challenge for HE is to create better cooperation among stakeholders; the challenge for workplaces is connected with better involvement of students; the challenge for students is to take more initiative and responsibility in communication with workplaces.

scholarly journals Teams as Author: Narrative and Knowledge Creation in case Discussions in Multi-Disciplinary Health Teams

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Opie
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Health Care Teams ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Case Discussions ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
Recent Attention

Narrative has been described as a universally used means for ordering experience. Although the narratives of medical teams have received recent attention, those produced by health professionals in multi-disciplinary health care teams in the course of their everyday work in team reviews and case discussions about service users have not. This paper, then, presents a discussion of an under-investigated area of narrative in the social sciences. The analysis is developed from the narratives produced during team reviews conducted over several weeks about 2 users - one a quadriplegic, the other, a psychiatric patient in a medium secure unit. The major issues with which the paper is concerned are: (i) the identification and explanation of significant differences between the narratives produced by medical and multi-disciplinary teams; (ii) the identification of a suppressed dimension (both in the literature on health care teams, and in the practice of these teams) on the management of difference in the development of complex multi-disciplinary team narratives; and (iii) how members of MD teams work with the different professional knowledges represented by their members. The final section of the paper defines team work as primarily a process of knowledge work and knowledge creation, and it discusses some of the organizational conditions which facilitate such work.

scholarly journals Women at university. Strategies and achievements of a secular presence in Latin America and Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 002
Author(s):  
Consuelo Flecha-García ◽  
Alicia Itatí Palermo
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Female Students ◽  
University Education ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
University Archives ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Life Aspirations

This paper offers a descriptive and critical overview of the experience of the presence of women at university in Spain and several countries in Latin America. It focuses not just on how they embarked on different degrees, but also on the extent to which they went on to exercise professionally and the social barriers encountered at each step. It describes some of the strategies used on the paths followed to study at university during almost one hundred and fifty years, and the achievements made possible by this education, both inside and outside the academic setting. The paper draws on primary documentary sources from university archives and newspaper libraries and includes a review of the literature on the subject. These documentary searches provided us with a great deal of valuable information that has helped us in our task. The indicators of the subject matter studied are, amongst others, university education, female lecturers, history and sociology, female students and life aspirations.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Perception of the Role of a Social Worker in Hospitals in the Czech Republic and Slovakia during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
P. Laca ◽  
s. Laca
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
University Education ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Social

This research study is focused on the perception of the role of asocial worker by hospital nurses in the Czech and Slovak Re- public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim of the study:The main aim of the research study was to find the opinions of nurses from the Czech and Slovak Repub- lic on asocial worker who works in ahospital during acoron- avirus - COVID-19 pandemic and then compare their opinions in helping patients Research sample and setting:The research sample of the study consisted of 75 nurses with higher professional education (Czech Republic), university education of the first and second degree (Czech Republic, Slovak Republic), who were together with social workers in the front line in hospitals at the time of the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19. All participating respon- dents were informed about the purpose of the research study and the completion of the online questionnaire. Statistical analysis:The mathematical-statistical method chi- square test of the independence of the criteria of individual re- search hypotheses was used to compare the interviewed re- spondents in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Results of the study:Medical staff at the time of the COVID- 19 pandemic was satisfied with the social worker, as evidenced by the research study and their answers in the questionnaire survey. It is clear from the results of the research survey that the participants perceived the social worker positively during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Equidad de Acceso a la Educación Superior: El “Puntaje Ranking de Notas” Como Mecanismo de Inclusión en el Sistema de Admisión de Chile

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Daniel Casanova
Keyword(s):  
University Education ◽  
Class Rank ◽  
University Selection ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Open Debate ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Admission System ◽  
Socioeconomic Dimension ◽  
Admissions Process

In Chile, from the year 2013, “Class Rank” was introduced as a new factor of university selection in the Chilean admission system, which aim is to improve equity in access to higher university education. This policy has provoked diverse objections and the evaluation carried out has shown almost no impact in altering the inequity of access in general. However, this called diversity of Chilean higher education, is expected to have significant effect in the most selective programs, which have a more socially elitized group of students. This paper analyzes the results of the “Class Rank” mechanism in relation to its objectives, in a set of the highest selective majors. Based on the record of selected applicants from the years 2012 to 2014, an indicator of socioeconomic classification of each student was constructed. The aim of this indicator is to follow the changes in the social composition of the selected students in the most selective programs, before and after the introduction of the “Class Rank” in the admission process. It is concluded that there are no changes in the socioeconomic dimension, from the incorporation of “Class Rank” in the admissions process. At the same time a more open debate is proposed about the relation among the inclusion policies and selection methodologies at higher university level.

scholarly journals Idea uniwersytetu kształcącego ludzi zaangażowanych w pracę

1970 ◽  
pp. 387-397
Author(s):  
Konrad Kulikowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
University Education ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
University Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University

The first part of this article introduces the work engagement concept in a framework of the Job Demands-Resources Theory and discusses a relation between work engagement and job crafting. Next, the author presents the hypothesis that university education can form engaged employees by enhancing students’ self-efficacy beliefs about their ability to effectively crafting their future job environments. On the basis of the Social Learning Theory the author proposed three possible methods on how the university community could promote job crafting behaviors among students. These methods are: trainings and persuasions, modeling, or observation of how university top researchers work, and allowing students to experience success in changing different aspects of the university environment.

scholarly journals TO THE DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT "CULTURAL INDUSTRY": DESCRIPTION OF SYMPTOMS AND ANALYSIS OF TRENDS

2017 ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Y. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
University Education ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Cultural Industry ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
Material Component ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost

The article is devoted to the analysis of such extensively studied phenomenon of modernity as cultural industry, which includestwo opposite tendencies: the industrialization of cultural objects production and the "culturification" of industry. The former presupposes the presence of such symptoms of modernity as: a modernist version of the commodification of cultural objects (works of art, university education, etc.) as well as their massive reproduction. In addition, this tendency includes the following positions: the commodification of consumption, the lossof cultural objects of their regulatory and critical functions, the projectivity of cultural production. The reverse tendency – "culturification" of industry – contains the following aspects: the reduction of commercial goals of industrial production, the "economy of signs": an increase in the role of cultural competence in the process of actual industrial production, a reduction in the cost of the material component of the production. The proposed classification of tendencies and symptoms of the cultural industry does not claim for exhaustiveness and completedsystematicity. It is designed to clarify the logic of the formation of this phenomenon of culture, not only as a form of de-differentiation of cultural (in the sense of high culture) and industrial (as a historical form of social),but also as the de-differentiation of cultural and social ones in general. The industrial society, whose existence is the basis for the absolutization of the industry autonomy, is one of the historical forms of the social itself. In this type of society, cultural autonomyis realized as the closure of an elitist social structure. Withdrawal from an industrial society implies "Reassembling the social", a synthetic unity of social and cultural. In the logic of "liquidity of Modern" (opposite to solidity) and of the subject-object opposition, this process manifests itself in the process of human and things synthesis (as a "Making things public"), that is, in the de-differentiation of material and spiritual production and consumption, is therefore in social and cultural. The definition of the cultural industry clarifies the meaning of culture as a way of being a human in the perspective of the sustainability of his efforts, the kind of their institutionalization and signification.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF THE STATE: CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (04(01)) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Iryna Kolosovska Iryna Kolosovska ◽  
Radosław Zagórski Radosław Zagórski
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social

This article conceptualizes modern approaches to the transformation of the social function of the state in the context of the influence of globalization processes, the ambiguity of the formation of the socio-cultural context, the actualization of the latest risks and threats associated with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. We accentuate the inconsistencies and contradictions between the declared social priorities and the inefficiency of the management mechanisms of their practical implementation. The article substantiates the priority directions of the regulatory role of the state in the context of social risk management, formation of social security, adherence to the principle of social justice, and harmonization of interests of representatives of various social groups. Key words: public administration, state, social functions, governance mechanisms, globalization, social risks, COVID-19 pandemic, social justice.

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