scholarly journals Foodwork as the New Fathering?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-549
Author(s):  
Nicklas Neuman
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Use Studies ◽  
Cultural Shifts ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
Egalitarian Attitudes

The aim of this paper is to explore the parallels of fathering and foodwork among men in Sweden. The research question is: can foodwork be seen as “the new fathering”? The paper outlines the narrative of fathers in Sweden and gender progressiveness, and discusses gendered foodwork in Sweden up until the mid-1990s. Subsequently, statistical evidence from Statistics Sweden’s three time-use studies is presented, complemented with evidence from quantitative studies about the gendered division of housework. Here, the data demonstrates change over time in men’s and women’s total housework, foodwork and childcare. Men are doing more and women less, although the absolute changes are greater among women who still do more. Such evidence is further discussed in relation to socio-demographics, household composition and paid work, pointing to the relevance of factors such as gender-egalitarian attitudes and having children. The quantitative section is then followed by an argumentation about cultural shifts in relation to qualitative studies on men’s domestic foodwork. In the discussion it is concluded that foodwork can indeed be seen as “the new fathering”. Not as a substitution for fathering or as something exclusive for fathers, but as an addition to the repertoire of cultural understandings and social expectations of a “modern” man in Sweden. However, the most substantial change is likely to be cultural—on the level of ideals—while statistics on behaviour mostly support slow and minor changes, with the overall social relation of men and women demonstrating significant stability.

The changing picture of the housework gender gap in contemporary Chinese adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-339
Author(s):  
Meng Sha Luo ◽  
Ernest Wing Tak Chui
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Time Availability ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relative Resources

Prior research has shown that time availability, relative resources, and gender perspective have great effects on couples’ division of housework, yet less attention has been paid to how the magnitude of these influences varies by cohort. By embedding the three dominant micro-level perspectives on housework in a macro-level context (i.e. cohort-level), this study examines each of the three perspectives’ explanatory powers for explaining the housework behaviors of two post-1976 cohorts: the early- and late-reform marriage cohorts. Regression results and Relative Importance analyses examining the three perspectives on housework show dissimilar effects for the two cohorts: the relative resources and gender perspectives better predict the housework gender gap in early-reform couples, while the time availability perspective better predicts the housework gender gap in late-reform couples. Specifically, the three most important predictors of the housework gender gap for the early-reform cohort are wife’s weekly paid work hours, wife’s proportion of couple’s income, and wife or her parents owning the house, while for the younger, late-reform cohort, the three most important predictors are wife’s employment, wife’s weekly paid work hours, and number of co-living children, suggesting that the relative resources perspective is weakened for the late-reform cohort. In addition, both the Relative Importance analyses and the Seemingly Unrelated Regression estimations reveal that although early-reform couples are likely to ‘do gender’ as a performance, this diminishes for late-reform Chinese couples. These changes indicate an uneven process regarding gender equality and the need to take cohort into account when testing the micro-level theoretical perspectives on the housework gap.

scholarly journals Enacting Feminist Methodologies in Research Toward Reproductive Justice

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110161
Author(s):  
Krista Johnston ◽  
Christiana MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Feminist Research ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Reproductive Justice ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Political Praxis

Reporting on the development of an ongoing qualitative research project with clients of midwifery care in New Brunswick, Canada, this article details the ways that methodology is complexly interwoven with political praxis. Working through the development of this project, this article models one way to enact politically engaged feminist research at each stage of the research process, from developing the research question, through research design, data collection, analysis, and theory generation. In the process, three core principles of feminist research methodologies are extended: co-construction of knowledge, researcher reflexivity, and reciprocal relationships in research. This research is caught up in and responds to a fraught political context where supports for reproductive healthcare are limited, and midwifery, abortion, and gender-affirming care are all framed as “fringe” services that exceed the austerity budget of the province. Participants engaged in this study with a clear understanding of this political terrain and approached interviews as an opportunity to share their experiences, and to advocate for the continuation and expansion of midwifery and related services in the province. Through the research process, it has become evident that midwifery must be understood as part of the struggle toward reproductive justice in this province. These reflections will direct further stages of the project, including ongoing research and dissemination.

“Toxic Masculinity” in the age of #MeToo: ritual, morality and gender archetypes across cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Paul Louis Veissière
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Moral Panics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Archetypes ◽  
Cultural Shifts

Purpose This paper aims to take the “toxic masculinity” (TM) trope as a starting point to examine recent cultural shifts in common assumptions about gender, morality and relations between the sexes. TM is a transculturally widespread archetype or moral trope about the kind of man one should not be. Design/methodology/approach The author revisits his earlier fieldwork on transnational sexualities against a broader analysis of the historical, ethnographic and evolutionary record. The author describes the broad cross-cultural recurrence of similar ideal types of men and women (good and bad) and the rituals through which they are culturally encouraged and avoided. Findings The author argues that the TM trope is normatively useful if and only if it is presented alongside a nuanced spectrum of other gender archetypes (positive and negative) and discussed in the context of human universality and evolved complementariness between the sexes. Social implications The author concludes by discussing stoic virtue models for the initiation of boys and argues that they are compatible with the normative commitments of inclusive societies that recognize gender fluidity along the biological sex spectrum. Originality/value The author makes a case for the importance of strong gender roles and the rites and rituals through which they are cultivated as an antidote to current moral panics about oppression and victimhood.

scholarly journals Author byline (Culture Coverage)

10.34778/2z ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarit Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Art Criticism ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Employment Contracts ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Journalism Studies ◽  
Interest Representation ◽  
News Agency ◽  
And Gender

This variable describes the employment basis that the writers of the articles represent. It distinguishes between staff writers, representing in-house newsroom production, and freelancer-based writers, representing outsourced production. It also examines the shares of non-signed and news agency material, as well as material produced by the audience, whenever it is placed on culture pages. These are the major production instances for cultural coverage. Tracing their development across time delivers information on the strategic and economic shifts, reflected in the use of non-specialized writers (journalists from other departments and outsourced production). Field of application/theoretical foundation As debates on the state of cultural journalism and the anatomy of cultural coverage are often centered around the volume of reviews, this variable delivers more detailed information about the production structures of the articles. Commissioning freelancers is specifically characteristic of cultural coverage; in cultural journalism, external authors are used more than in any other form of journalism. Through the variable, it can be examined to which extent the freelancer networks are being used for cultural coverage. Another prevalent question for cultural coverage is the extent of news agency material, or “churnalism” (Kristensen, 2018), which strengthens the ties of cultural coverage to cultural industry and, as an indication of less critical distance, is regarded as non-preferable. References/combination with other methods of data collection In coding the variable, the author name indicated in the byline is recorded. The variable typically needs background research for determining individual authors’ employment contracts, which may also vary from time to time. For distinguishing between specialized staff journalists, general staff journalists, and freelancer journalists, the researcher may utilize newsroom superiors as informants, as well as the authors themselves. When cross-tabulated with other variables, the variable provides useful information on how freelancer production has developed in time with regard to cultural forms, genres, and gender. Sample operationalization The author byline is operationalized as follows: Event type Description Specialized staff journalist Cultural journalist: salary-based staff journalist in the culture department General staff journalist Other journalist: salary-based staff journalist in a department other than culture Freelancer journalist Outsourced production: writer separately commissioned for the text Newsroom signature Byline referring to the newspaper in question, leaving the writer anonymous News agency Name of the news agency (AFP, AP, Reuters, etc.) Member of audience A reader, non-journalist Not recognizable Producer of the text unknown, not signed   Example study Jaakkola (2015)   Information abour Jaakkola, 2015 Author: Maarit Jaakkola Research question/research interest: Representation of the author bylines according to the work contract of the journalists on culture pages of daily newspapers across time, to expose the production structure Object of analysis: Articles/text items on culture pages of five major daily newspapers in Finland 1978–2008 (Aamulehti, Helsingin Sanomat, Kaleva, Savon Sanomat, Turun Sanomat) Timeframe of analysis: 1978–2008, consecutive sample of weeks 7 and 42 in five year intervals (1978, 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008)    Info about variable Variable name/definition: Author Unit of analysis: Article Values: 1 = specialized staff journalist, 2= general staff journalist, 3 = freelancer journalist, 4 = newsroom signature, 5 = news agency, 6 = member of the audience, 7 = not recognizable Scale: nominal Intercoder reliability: Cohen's kappa > 0.76 (two coders)   References Jaakkola, M. (2015). Outsourcing views, developing news: Changes of art criticism in Finnish dailies, 1978–2008. Journalism Studies, 16(3), 383–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.892727 Kristensen, N.N. (2018). Churnalism, cultural (inter)mediation and sourcing in cultural journalism. Journalism Studies, 19(14), 2168–2186.

scholarly journals WORK RELATED VALUES AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT RELATIVE TO GENDER AND AGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Leszczynska
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

This article discusses issues related to organizational commitment and work related values. The research problem focuses on the correlation between values related to professional work and the affective, normative and calculative commitment of employees. A research question was posed as to what work related values are correlated with organisational commitment. The article presents the results of an empirical study conducted on a group of 2076 people with the use of a diagnostic survey. The obtained data were analysed relative to the gender and age of the respondents. The results indicate certain discrepancies in terms of the value hierarchies observable between employees of different ages. Both men and women selected work-life balance and security as their most important values. The level of commitment was comparable between representatives of the two genders, with the levels observed for normative commitment. Organisational commitment increased with age and was statistically different for the respective age groups. The study confirmed the correlation between the hierarchy of work related values and the level of commitment, as well as the discrepancies in this respect between the respective age and gender groups. The same suggests that there is a need to account for values held by the employees when developing and employing motivational systems and HR practices.

Influence of Environment and Gender on Career Choice among Secondary School Students in Kaura Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Abayomi Ambali Alaka ◽  
Salamatu Ishaku ◽  
Sadiq Aderibigbe Idowu
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
School Students ◽  
And Gender

The study examined the influence of environment and gender on career choice among secondary school students in Kaura Local Government of Kaduna State. A descriptive research design was used and 18 secondary schools were clustered into three chiefdoms to draw a sample of 6 secondary schools using purposive sampling technique. Also, a sample of 422 students from a population of 3558 students from the three Chiefdoms was drawn using cluster sampling technique. The study developed and used a questionnaire tagged 'Environment, Gender and Career Choice Questionnaire (EGCCQ)' with correlation coefficient of 0.78. The students' career choice was based on the adoption of Career Interest Survey (CIS) and Vocational Interest Inventory (VII) developed by Bakare (1977). Descriptive statistics of simple percentage was used for the research question generated, while inferential statistics of multiple regression analysis was employed to analyse the null hypotheses developed for the study and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that students had preferences for career choice based on gender and environment. There was a significant composite influence of environment and gender on career choice among secondary school students in Kaura Local Government of Kaduna State, with the influence of environment being relatively than that of gender. It is therefore recommended among others that students should be well counselled in the choice of career process by professional counsellors and they should take into consideration the immediate environment of the students, their gender, interest, ability, skills and personality.

Reading The 1835 Parish Censuses from Bahia: Citizenship, Kinship, Slavery, and Household in Early Nineteenth-Century Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Barickman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Status Of Women ◽  
Ideological Assumptions

Since the late 1960s, a growing number of studies have drawn on local manuscript censuses, also known as household or nominal lists, to reshape the historiography of late colonial and early nineteenth-century Brazil. While many of those studies focus on family or household composition, manuscript censuses have also been used to explore topics ranging from proto-industrialization and demographic trends to patterns of slaveholding and the status of women. In working with this documentation, scholars have generally restricted themselves to quantitative analyses; they have seldom devoted much explicit attention to the format of censuses and to the categories found in them. As a result, the ideological assumptions and political concerns that census-takers in late colonial and early nineteenthcentury Brazil brought to bear in enumerating, classifying, and ordering the population have remained largely unexplored topics. To detect those assumptions and concerns, we need to go beyond quantification and to read Brazilian manuscript censuses for the qualitative information they contain. At the very least, reading censuses qualitatively holds out the possibility of raising questions that complement and enhance the findings from the more familiar quantitative studies.

scholarly journals ‘Cooking with Gordon’: Food, Health, and the Elasticity of Evangelical Gender Roles (and Belt Sizes) on The 700 Club

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-124
Author(s):  
Travis Warren Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Presidential Candidate ◽  
Visual Discourse ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Family ◽  
Christian Coalition ◽  
Family Ritual ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cultural Shifts ◽  
Gender Formation

This article examines evangelical gender paradigms as expressed through a 700 Club cooking segment facilitated by Gordon Robertson, the son of Pat Robertson – founder of the Christian Broadcasting Network (CBN), The 700 Club, Christian Coalition, and one-time presidential candidate. Several themes converge within this cooking show, including health and nutrition, family ritual, and gender roles. Using the cooking segment as data, I draw on scholarship on body, gender, family and ritual to argue that evangelical discourses are labile in their responses to recent socio-cultural shifts and suggest that ‘Sunday Dinners: Cooking with Gordon’ defies caricatures of evangelical gender formation and signals a shift to soft-patriarchy and quasi-egalitarianism, at least within public, visual discourse. ‘Sunday Dinners’ underscores the centrality of the family in evangelical discourse – even as conceptions of gender are in flux – as it seeks to facilitate everyday rituals via cooking and eating together.

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