EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF RE-EQUIPMENT A WHEELED VEHICLE INTO A ELECTROMOBILE

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Hladchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Acceleration Time ◽  
The Road ◽  
Wheeled Vehicle ◽  
Power Switches ◽  
Motor Control System ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
The Given ◽  
Speed Characteristic

The article presents the results of the carried out road tests of a wheeled vehicle of category M1, which was re-equipment into a electromobile. The electromobile is equipped with a traction electric motor Balkankar DS 3.6/7.5/14, a power storage battery on lithium cells with a maximum voltage of 100.8 V and a capacity of 6.45 kW∙h. The traction motor control system is impulse with electronic power switches. As a result of the road tests carried out, the maximum speed of movement, the acceleration time on a given path, the acceleration time to the given speed, the “acceleration – coasting” speed characteristic were determined and acceleration was carried out in gears that ensure the maximum speed. Comparison of the results of theoretical and experimental studies testifies to the adequacy of the developed mathematical model and the initial data that form the basis for calculating the indicators of re-equipped wheeled vehicle into electromobile.

scholarly journals DESIGN, SIMULATION AND MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF A VEHICLE TIRE AND CHASSIS SYSTEM AT A TURN.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Mbelle Samuel Bisong ◽  
Paune Felix ◽  
Lokoue D. Romaric Brandon ◽  
Pierre Kisito Talla
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Lateral Behavior ◽  
Road Characteristics ◽  
Fundamental Theorems ◽  
The Given

Road security has become with time a topic of concern in our society as per the increasing number of accidents and deaths occurring on the highways. Regulatory experts on road users have constantly been working for ways to solve this problem and thence better the lives of the citizens. This paper is aimed at proposing a mathematical model integrating specific parameters, describing the dynamic lateral behavior of a vehicle’s tire and chassis systems and enabling to state a relationship between road characteristics and vehicle dynamics. To achieve this, we made used of the fundamental theorems of dynamics for the modeling of the vehicle’s suspended and non-suspended masses and load transfers, then we associated this with the Pacejka Tire model to obtain a complete vehicle model. After the particularization of a global model, a simulator was realized named “DYNAUTO SIMULATOR” which iterates the given variables to produce a consistent result. After an experimental research made on the Ndokoti – PK 24 road section we could, thanks to our simulator determine the maximum speed to have at every turn of this road section and also understand the effect of the modification of a vehicle’s center of gravity on its stability. This work will be an important tool which can be recommended to the regulatory board as a major asset in the road construction policy and also in the improvement of road safety measures.

Plotting the adhesion utilization curves for multi-axle vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
V. A. Bogomolov ◽  
◽  
V. I. Klimenko ◽  
D. N. Leontiev ◽  
S. V. Ponikarovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Vehicle Suspension ◽  
Bearing Surface ◽  
The Road ◽  
Wheeled Vehicle ◽  
The Given ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Un Ece

The paper presents a method for calculating normal reactions of the road bearing surface along the axles of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle, upon which it is possible to construct the adhesion utilization curves for all vehicle axles, considering that both independent axles and axles combined in balancing trolleys are present in the vehicle suspension. The main idea of this method is developing a universal mathematical model for determining the horizontal coordinate of the center of elasticity (center of rotation) of a multi-axle vehicle body with reference to which the normal reactions along the axles of the vehicle during its braking are determined. In addition, with a known distribution of braking forces, the adhesion utilization curves are plotted. In the overview part, an analysis is given that showed that there is no single methodology or recommendations today regarding determination of normal road reactions on the axles of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle. The developed methodology can be applied in engineering calculations when checking multi-axle wheeled vehicles for compliance with international requirements for brake systems (Appendix 10 to UN / ECE Regulation No. 13). The universality of the proposed methodology allows recommendation for its implementation in the given Rules No. 13. The calculations of the adhesion utilization curves made on the example of a 4-axle vehicle showed that consideration of the design features of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle suspension significantly affects the nature of the geometry of the adhesion utilization curves within the permissible limits specified by UN / ECE Regulation No. 13 (Appendix 10).

Validation of Numerical Models Used for Designing the Composite Blade for ILX-27 Rotorcraft

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Jakub Wilk ◽  
Radosław Guzikowski
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Laminate Glass ◽  
Composite Blade ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
Validation Procedure ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Abstract The paper presents the validation procedure of the model used in the analysis of the composite blade for the rotor of the ILX-27 rotorcraft, designed and manufactured in the Institute of Aviation, by means of numerical analyses and tests of composite elements. Numerical analysis using finite element method and experimental studies of three research objects made of basic materials comprising the blade structure – carbon-epoxy laminate, glass-epoxy composite made of roving and foam filler – were carried out. The elements were in the form of four-point bent beams, and for comparison of the results the deflection arrow values in the middle of the beam and axial deformations on the upper and lower surfaces were selected. The procedure allowed to adjust the discrete model to real objects and to verify and correct the material data used in the strength analysis of the designed blade.

AKADEMSKI VOKABULAR: DA LI SU STUDENTI (U)OPŠTE OBRAZOVANI? O POTREBI ZA UKLjUČIVANjEM AKADEMSKOG VOKABULARA U KURIKULUME ZA SRPSKI JEZIK U SREDNjOJ ŠKOLI I NA UNIVERZITETU

Lipar ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol XXI (73) ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
Jovana Milovanović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Language ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Academic Vocabulary ◽  
High School Curriculum ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Entrance Exams ◽  
University Level ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
The Given

This article discusses reception and production of academic vocabulary among native speakers of Serbian language. Academic vocabulary is one of the key elements of academic language competence, and a modest lexicon and underdeveloped academic language competence can cause problems in both comprehension and production. In this research, we used a vocabulary test consisting of 12 items taken from general culture entrance exams used at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade. The participants are BA students of French language at the Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, years 1-4. The participants were instructed to provide a synonym or a definition for each item, as well as a sentence containing the given word. The aim of this research is to highlight issues in comprehension of academic vocabulary and establish the influence of factors such as word etymology or university level on the success of the participants. We analysed the results and classified them in three categories: correct, incorrect and unanswered. The majority of participants successfully identified just half of the given words (in order of success: poliglota 95,76%, bestseler 92,37%, pacifista 66,10%, suveren 58,47%, prototip 57,63%, elokventan 56,78%). The success level for the other half of the items from the test was below 50% (in order of success: erudita 49,15%, hipokrizija 39,83%, nepotizam 22,03%, skrupulozan 18,64%, šprahfeler 10,17%, eksproprijacija 8,47%). The influence of etymology was analysed through a comparison of the results for six items of French/Latin origin with the results for the other six items which did not originate from Romance languages. This analysis shows that the participants had similar results in both groups of items, with three words from each group having above 50% of correct answers (suveren, elokventan, pacifista; poliglota, bestseler, prototip). Lastly, we examined success levels from year 1, year 2, year 3 and year 4 students and determined that the median of correct answers for each year does vary, but that there is no strong linear progression (median year 1=5, year 2=6, year 3=7, year 4=6). The results indicate a lack of knowledge of academic vocabulary and difficulties in identifying and manipulating this type of lexis. We believe it is necessary to integrate academic language skills, including academic vocabulary, in high school curriculum and introduce Serbian language as a subject at university level.

THE HEAP PARTS MOVEMENT ON THE SHAREBOARD SURFACE OF THE POTATO HARVESTING MACHINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 14(63) (1) ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
Serhii HRUSHETSKYI ◽  
Vitaly YAROPUD ◽  
Ihor KUPCHUK ◽  
Ruslana SEMENYSHENA
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Machine Operation ◽  
Degree Of Damage ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

The article is devoted to the problem of the reduction of tubers mechanical damages while providing qualitative indicators of the potato heap separation process. Theoretical and experimental dependences of the influence of design and kinematic parameters of the machine operation on the quality performance are obtained. Within the field of experimental studies, a field installation was made to investigate the potato harvester as a whole on the efficiency of separation, the degree of damage, the magnitude of losses and the total capacity for aggregation. Comparison of the results of theoretical and experimental studies showed that the developed mathematical model of the process of separation of potato heap is adequate.

scholarly journals Estimating Some Social and Environmental Effects from Rail/Road Substitution in the Trans-European Transport Corridors

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
Milan Janic ◽  
Tomislav Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Traffic Incidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Social ◽  
Environmental Feasibility ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Given

This paper deals with estimating possible effects in terms of mitigating the social and environmental impacts which could be achieved by operating the rail freight train instead of the road truck services in the given Trans-European transport corridor during the specified period of time. In general, these impacts embrace noise, congestion, traffic incidents/accidents (Safety), and energy consumption and related GHG emissions (Greenhouse Gases). Each type of impact, specific to particular mode, is analyzed and modeled, thus enabling its quantitative estimation and intermodal comparison under the given circumstances. In particular, energy consumption and related GHG emissions and their costs have been under focus. The total costs of the above-mentioned impacts in the given case have also been estimated. Thus, they both represent a solid base for the assessment of the social-environmental feasibility of the future similar cases.

scholarly journals Simulation Study of the Process of Friction in the Working Elements of a Car Braking System at Different Degrees of Wear

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Borawski
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Braking System

Abstract Among the many elements of a modern vehicle, the braking system is definitely among the most important ones. Health, and, frequently, life, may rest upon the design and reliability of brakes. The most common friction pair used in passenger cars today is a disc which rotates with the road wheel and a cooperating pair of brake pads. The composite material of the pad results in changing tribological properties as the pad wears, which was demonstrated in experimental studies. The change is also facilitated by the harsh operating conditions of brakes (high and rapid temperature changes, water, etc.). This paper looks into how changing tribology reflects on the heating process of disc and pads during braking. And so a simulation study was conducted, as this method makes it possible to measure temperature in any given point and at any time, which is either impossible or extremely difficult in real life conditions. Finite element method analyses were performed for emergency braking events at various initial speeds of the vehicle reflecting the current road speed limits.

scholarly journals A new approach to assess the influence of road roughness on driver speed behavior based on driving simulator tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Pernetti ◽  
Mauro D’Apuzzo Mauro D’Apuzzo ◽  
Francesco Galante
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vertical Vibration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness

Vehicle speed is one of main parameters describing driver behavior and it is of paramount importance as it affects the travel safety level. Speed is, in turn, affected by several factors among which in-vehicle vibration may play a significant role. Most of speed reducing traffic calming countermeasures adopted nowadays rely on vertical vibration level perceived by drivers that is based on the dynamic interaction between the vehicle and the road roughness. On the other hand, this latter has to be carefully monitored and controlled as it is a key parameter in pavement managements systems since it influences riding comfort, pavement damage and Vehicle Operating Costs. There is therefore the need to analyse the trade-off between safety requirements and maintenance issues related to road roughness level. In this connection, experimental studies aimed at evaluating the potential of using road roughness in mitigating drivers’ speed in a controlled environment may provide added value in dealing with this issue. In this paper a new research methodology making use of a dynamic driver simulator operating at the TEST Laboratory in Naples is presented in order to investigate the relationship between the driver speed behavior on one hand, and the road roughness level, road alignment and environment, vehicle characteristics on the other. Following an initial calibration phase, preliminary results seem fairly promising since they comply with the published data derived from scientific literature.

scholarly journals Development of driving cycle under real world traffic conditions: A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 4798
Author(s):  
Geetha A. ◽  
Subramani C.
Keyword(s):  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Maximum Acceleration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Condensed Form ◽  
On The Road

<p><span>The modeling of a car is essentially done by taking into consideration the driving terrain, traffic conditions, driver’s behavior and various other factors which may directly or indirectly affect the vehicle’s performance. A vehicle is modeled for given specifications and constraints like maximum speed, maximum acceleration, and braking time, appropriate suspension for the gradient of the road and fuel consumption. Henceforth, a profound study and analysis of different drive cycles are essential. A time dependent drive cycle is a condensed form of data that helps us to determine the time taken to conduct the driving test on the road. This article highlights the development of a real driving cycle in the area of Tamilnadu, India. On-road vehicle’s speeds versus time data were obtained along the selected route. The data obtained were analyzed first and then a new driving cycle was developed.</span></p>

Diffusion Combustion Of The Round Microjet Mixture Of Hydrogen With Metane, Helium And Nitrogen

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-76
Author(s):  
Andrey Shmakov ◽  
Genrich Grek ◽  
Viktor Kozlov ◽  
Yuriy Litvinenko ◽  
Oleg Korobeinichev
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flame ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Diffusion Combustion ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Mixture ◽  
Combustion Features ◽  
The Given ◽  
Stabilization Of Combustion

The purpose of the given work will consist in an experimental studies of the diffusion combustion features of the hydrogen round microjet mixtures with the metane, helium and nitrogen. It is found, that the mechanism and characteristics of a microjet and a flame evolution at diffusion combustion of the hydrogen mixture with the metane, helium or nitrogen are connected with the «bottleneck» flame area formation, as well as in a situation of a pure hydrogen microjet diffusion combustion. It is revealed, that process of diffusion combustion of a hydrogen / metane mixture in a round microjet is accompanied by stage-by-stage stages of a turbulent flame detachment at preservation of combustion in the «bottleneck» flame area, and, at last extinction of microjet combustion that correlates with combustion process of a similar microjet of pure hydrogen. It is found, that all above-listed stages of a hydrogen / metane mixture combustion are realized in a range considerably smaller speeds of a microjet (200÷500 m/sec), than in a similar situation of a pure hydrogen microjet combustion (600÷800 m/sec). It is shown, that at diffusion combustion of a mixture of hydrogen with metane or helium or nitrogen in a round microjet for stabilization of combustion with growth of a microjet speed it is necessary to increase a portion of hydrogen (or to reduce a portion of an impurity) in a mixture of gases.

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