scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-485
Author(s):  
Irina Ilina ◽  
◽  
Andrey Klypin
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the current state of the research and development sector in the Russian Federation during the transition from the first to the second stage of the implementation of the Strategy for the Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. In addition, the authors also prepare proposals for improving the state scientific and technical policies. Methods. This paper employs theoretical methods, including non-comparative and comparative analysis, cognitive synthesis, abstraction and concretization, systemic approach and structural-functional method. Results and Discussion. The paper presents the dynamics of changes in the key indicators of scientific and technical activity in the Russian Federation as well as significant risks and threats/challenges constraining scientific and technical activities, which are divided into two groups: organisational and economic (internal) challenges and global technological (external) challenges. The main research results are: a set of measures in the framework of the state scientific and technological policy, ensuring the further scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, including the improvement of the public administration system through the development of mechanisms for financing research and development; creation of favourable conditions for involving enterprises of the real economy and other companies in all stages of research and development; creation of an integrated system for assessing scientific, research and technology results; introduction of a holistic system to support scientific, research, technological and innovation activities, providing targeted support at every stage of the innovation life cycle; introduction and development of the mechanism of scientific diplomacy in Russia; development of science and technology at the regional level; development of mechanisms for involving qualified personnel to scientific activities; development of a holistic system of expertise, monitoring and forecasting for scientific, research and technological activities. Conclusion. Results of this research substantiate the assertion that such areas as science, technology and innovation should operate as a whole structure integrated into the socio-economic system of the country and ensuring the technological selfsufficiency and competitiveness of the national economy.

scholarly journals Financial Control over the Implementation of the “Megasience” Class Scientific Projects: Current State and Prospects of Improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
O. V. Boltinova
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Budget System

The paper is devoted to financial control exercised over the implementation of “megasience” class scientific projects. In order to create an innovative economy, the State continues to develop research and development, in particular the creation of unique projects of the “megasience” class. Funding for such studies is usually carried out from budgets of various levels of the Russian Federation’s budgetary system as part of priority national projects or federal programs. Therefore, state financial control over the effective and targeted use of funds of the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation gains importance. The paper discusses the current conditions of state financial control over the implementation of scientific projects of the “megasience” class, defines the list of subjects possessing the powers of both internal and external state financial control, highlights their differences and characteristics. The author carries out the analysis of monitoring as one of the activities of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, where emphasis is made on budgetary monitoring. The paper analyzes problems and shortcomings in the implementation of state financial control over the scientific projects. It also describes the features of the current state of state financial control and highlights tendencies of its development and improvement.

scholarly journals Implementation of the state policy in the field of innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Nikolay M. Tyukavkin ◽  
Yulia V. Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
The State ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Customer Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, the main goal is to ensure the competitiveness and independence of the state by forming an effective system of the most complete application and development of the intellectual potential of the state. The main directions in the work of the Government of the Russian Federation, for the period up to 2024, is the formation of conditions for the entry of the Russian Federation into the top five leading countries in the field of R D, represented by the priorities of scientific and technological development of the state, determined by this Strategy.These areas are represented by the Program, which is the main mechanism for implementing the Strategy. It is aimed at increasing the socio-economic effect of applying the results of scientific research and intellectual activity, significantly increasing the efficiency of using budget funds and extra-budgetary sources to finance R D, by switching to the qualified customer model. The Strategy also provides for measures to develop the level of capitalization of the educational potential of the population to fulfill the tasks of technical modernization of industrial production, development of entrepreneurial structures of all types, attracting talents, social mobility, ensuring the required rates of economic growth, as well as the quality of life of society

Environment and Public Health: Actual Issues of Health Care Organization and Medical Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
I. P. Bobrovnitsky ◽  
◽  
N. S. Prilipko ◽  
V. V. Turbinsky ◽  
M.Yu. Yakovlev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Care Organization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The priorities of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation № 642 of 01.12.2016, provide for the improvement of health-saving technologies, which in this article have been considered from the standpoint of their focusing on reducing health risks caused by the adverse impact of environmental factors, including by increasing the functional and adaptive reserves of the body. The article analyzes in order to improve regulatory legal documents in the field of improving the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases, the formation of a healthy lifestyle and hygienic education of the population. Also, a critical analysis of the state of educational activities provided at the state level in the field of higher professional education and postgraduate training of medical workers in the direction (specialties): medical and preventive care, medical care, public health and healthcare. Concluded that to ensure scientific and technological development of the country's need to expand educational and enlightening activities on issues of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population, hygiene, public health and organization of health care in health care organizations, and also outside in all major sectors of economy and business, in the sphere of organized tourism and recreation, SPA, fitness centers, educational organizations, sports, social welfare and life of the population, especially in terms of prevention, that in accordance with Federal Law № 323 of 21.11.2011 "On the basics of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation" provides for measures to eliminate the harmful influence of environmental factors. Proposals and additions to the relevant state regulatory documents of the Russian Federation that have already been approved and are currently under development are given.

scholarly journals Problems of ensuring the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world in the field of genomic research

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
L. A. Tsvetkova ◽  
F. A. Kurakov
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Technological Field ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Genomic research is one of the priorities of the country’s scientific and technological development, which have been supported by the instruction of the President to the Government on the development of a program for the development of advanced genomic research and genetic technologies in the Russian Federation, by the national project “Science”, and by the project of tintegrated scientific -technological program “The Postgenomic technologies: editing to synthetic biology”. The target indicator of NP “Science” is to ensure the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world that carry out research and development in areas determined by the priorities of scientific and technological development, and one of the indicators of the implementation of this indicator is “the place of the Russian Federation by share in the total number of applications for a patent for an invention filed in the world”. Comparison of patent activity of residents of theRussian Federationand the leading countries of the world engaged in research and development using the capabilities of highperformance genome sequencing was performed. A map of the competitive landscape in the technological field under consideration has been built, showing that foreign companies such as DowDuPont, Roche Holding and Illumina have already created impressive by volume patent portfolios. It was noted that in order for the developments, that will be created in the world-class genomic technology centers within the NP Science, to be globally competitive, it is already necessary to create conditions for the active participation of the business sector in government projects and programs.

scholarly journals MONITORING PERFORMANCE OF THE STRATEGY FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-588
Author(s):  
Viktoria Lapochkina ◽  
◽  
Andrey Klypin ◽  
Vladislava Dolgova ◽  
Sergey Vyunov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Planning Period ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Introduction. The list of implementation indicators of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation was formed taking into account its key provisions, and monitoring their dynamics provides an opportunity to demonstrate how the objectives of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, progress in implementing the priorities of scientific and technological development, meeting the objectives of state policy in science and technology and overall results of the Strategy's implementation have been achieved. Achievement of the targets and the implementation indicators of the Strategy will contribute, among other things, to the achievement of national goals and strategic objectives for the development of the Russian Federation, listed in the Decree No. 474 of the President of the Russian Federation dated 21 July 2020 on ensuring the presence of the Russian Federation among the world's ten leading countries in research and development, particularly by creating an effective system of higher education. Monitoring Tools. Monitoring tools are formal logic methods such as classification, analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction. The monitoring was conducted on the basis of data from the statistical reporting forms of the Federal State Statistics Service 2-science, 4-innovation, 2-MP innovation, 1-technology as well as information from open sources. Results. Monitoring of the Strategy implementation indicators for 2017–2019, assessment of the dynamics and achievement of indicator scores at the end of the study period, identification of indicators with positive and negative trends and the factors affecting the achievement of target scores were carried out. A list of government measures for each assessment indicator is provided to achieve the targets for the planning period. Conclusion. The monitoring revealed the ambiguity in the interpretation of some indicators for assessing the implementation of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Advancement of Russia. Recommendations are made to improve the methodology for calculating individual indicators. The research results are of practical importance and can be used to formulate the policy of scientific and technological advancement of the country.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Forecast of Demand for Inter-regional Rail Freight Transport

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-713
Author(s):  
A. A. Shirov ◽  
N. N. Sapova ◽  
E. S. Uzyakova ◽  
R. M. Uzyakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
The State ◽  
Rail Freight ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In the article “Comprehensive Forecast of Demand for Inter-regional Rail Freight Transport” by Alexander A. Shirov, Natalia N. Sapova, Elena S. Uzyakova, and Rafael M. Uzyakov, which appeared on pages 1–15 of the 1, 2021 issue, Vol. 17, the Acknowledgments section was omitted. In the online version of the paper the following text of the Acknowledgments section was added: Acknowledgments The article has been prepared with the support of a grant in the form of a subsidy for large scientific projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development in the framework of the subprogramme “Basic research for long-term development and ensuring the competitiveness of society and the state” of the state programme «Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation», the project “Social and Economic Development of Asiatic Russia on The Base of The Synergy of Transport Accessibility, Systemic Knowledge about Natural Resource Potential and Expanding Space of Interregional Interactions”, the agreement No. 075-15-2020-804 with the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (internal grant No. 13.1902.21.0016). This error does not affect the conclusions of the paper. The article has been corrected online.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE MARKET OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Nikolaeva ◽  
Nikita Grinev ◽  
Pavel Barabanov ◽  
Elena Kulyuasova ◽  
Nikolay Kulyuasov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Chemical Complex ◽  
The Russian Federation

"The transition of Russia to sustainable economic growth is impossible without stimulating the use of the achievements of science and education, high technologies, promoting innovative activity as an essential premise for the development of social production and subjects of economic relations. For the state, the promotion of innovation is a priority in the economic policy sector, since it is the level of scientific and technological development that largely determines the long-term strategic advantages of the country, and the prospects for the development of the state largely dependent on the level of innovation development. For a long time, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation has been implementing the Strategy for Innovative Development of the Russian Federation. It includes 20 key steps and is developed based on the provisions of the concept of long-term development of the Russian Federation. The main results should have been, firstly, an increase in spending on science and innovation, and secondly, an increase in the share of industrial enterprises that introduce innovations in production. It was assumed that their share will increase by 4-5 times by 2020, compared with 2010 year. Not everything has been achieved, and there is a lot to strive for. This study is devoted to the driver of scientific and technological progress - the chemical complex of Russia. The chemical complex plays a significant role in the implementation of the most important socio-economic programs of the country. The study is devoted to the consideration of the most important prospects and key alternatives for the development of the chemical industry related to different areas of innovation. Conclusions will be made on key technologies and products that can change the position of the chemical industry in the global market."

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