Analysis of Susceptibility to the Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Human Milk Lactoferrin in Clinical Strains of Streptococcus agalactiae With Diverse Capsular and Sequence Types

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the leading infection-related causes of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This includes chorioamnionitis, which leads to preterm ruptures of membranes and can ultimately result in preterm or stillbirth. Infection can also lead to maternal and neonatal sepsis that may contribute to mortality. Currently, treatment for GBS infection include a bolus of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to mothers testing positive for GBS colonization during late pregnancy. Lactoferrin is an antimicrobial peptide expressed in human breast milk, mucosal epithelia, and secondary granules of neutrophils. We previously demonstrated that lactoferrin possesses antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against several strains of GBS. This is largely due to the ability of lactoferrin to bind and sequester iron. We expanded upon that study by assessing the effects of purified human breast milk lactoferrin against a panel of phenotypically and genetically diverse isolates of GBS. Of the 25 GBS isolates screened, lactoferrin reduced bacterial growth in 14 and biofilm formation in 21 strains. Stratifying the data, we observed that colonizing strains were more susceptible to the growth inhibition activity of lactoferrin than invasive isolates at lactoferrin concentrations between 250-750 µg/mL. Treatment with 750 µg/mL of lactoferrin resulted in differences in bacterial growth and biofilm formation between discrete sequence types. Differences in bacterial growth were also observed between capsular serotypes 1a and III. Maternally isolated strains were more susceptible to lactoferrin with respect to bacterial growth, but not biofilm formation, compared to neonatal sepsis isolates. Finally, high biofilm forming GBS strains were more impacted by lactoferrin across all isolates tested. Taken together, this study demonstrates that lactoferrin possesses antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against a wide range of GBS isolates, with maternally isolated colonizing strains being the most susceptible.

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Antibacterial and Anti‐biofilm Activity of the Human Breast Milk Glycoprotein Lactoferrin against Group B Streptococcus

ChemBioChem ◽

10.1002/cbic.202100016 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jacky Lu ◽

Jamisha D. Francis ◽

Miriam A. Guevara ◽

Rebecca E. Moore ◽

Schuyler A. Chambers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Group B

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High Amounts of S100-Alarmins Confer Antimicrobial Activity on Human Breast Milk Targeting Pathogens Relevant in Neonatal Sepsis

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2017.01822 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sabine Pirr ◽

Manuela Richter ◽

Beate Fehlhaber ◽

Julia Pagel ◽

Christoph Härtel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Effect of Human Milk and its Components on Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Formation

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4628-39.3.255 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 255-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

LM Allison ◽

LA Walker ◽

BJ Sanders ◽

Z Yang ◽

G Eckert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Post Partum ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Flat Bottom ◽

Biofilm Growth ◽

Microtiter Plates

Objective: This study investigated the effects of human breast milk and its components on the nutritional aspect of the caries process due to Streptococcus mutans UA159 biofilm formation. Study design: Human breast milk was collected from 11 mothers during 3-9 months postpartum. To test for the effect on biofilm formation, a 16-hour culture of S. mutans was treated with dilutions of human breast milk and several major components of human breast milk, lactose, lactoferrin, IgA, and bovine casein in sterile 96-well flat bottom microtiter plates for 24 hours. The biofilms were fixed, washed, stained with crystal violet, and extracted. Absorbance was measured to evaluate biofilm growth mass. Results: Dilutions 1:10-1:2,560 of the human breast milk samples increased biofilm formation by 1.5-3.8 fold compared to the control. Lactoferrin decreased biofilm formation significantly in all dilutions (average milk concentration of 3 mg/ml). Lactose had no effect at average breast milk concentrations (60 mg/ml) except at its lowest concentration (15 mg/ml) where it was increased. IgA significantly decreased biofilm formation at its highest concentration of 2,400 μg/ml (average milk concentration 600 μg/ml). Casein caused significantly increased biofilm formation at all concentrations tested above the average milk content (2.3 mg/ml). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate an increase in S. mutans biofilm formation by human breast milk 3-9 months post partum. Among its major components, only casein significantly increased biofilm formation among the concentrations analyzed. Lactose had no effect except at 15 mg/ml. Lactoferrin and IgA significantly decreased S. mutans biofilm formation at their highest concentrations. This information expands the current knowledge regarding the nutritional influence of breastfeeding and validates the necessity to begin an oral hygiene regimen once the first tooth erupts.

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977 EFFECT OF PASTEURIZATION AND FREEZING M THE BACTERIAL GROWTH INHIBITING ACTIVITY OF HUMAN BREAST MILK

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-197804001-00983 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 526-526

Author(s):

Jacinto Hernandez ◽

Pamela Lemons ◽

James Lemons ◽

James Todd

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Inhibiting Activity ◽

Human Breast ◽

Growth Inhibiting

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Front Cover: Antibacterial and Anti‐biofilm Activity of the Human Breast Milk Glycoprotein Lactoferrin against Group B Streptococcus (ChemBioChem 12/2021)

ChemBioChem ◽

10.1002/cbic.202100214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 2010-2010

Author(s):

Jacky Lu ◽

Jamisha D. Francis ◽

Miriam A. Guevara ◽

Rebecca E. Moore ◽

Schuyler A. Chambers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Front Cover ◽

Group B

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Lactic Acid Bacteria Biosurfactant Role That Isolated from Human Breast Milk in Inhibit Eyes Pathogenic Bacteria

Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Science ◽

10.30526/31.2.1959 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Yusra M.B. Muhsin ◽

Huda Z. Majeed ◽

Basam Basim Mohammed ◽

Salih A.A. Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Surface Activity ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Good Effect ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Wide Range ◽

Normal Method

Biosurfactants have a wide-range of applications due to their unique properties like specificity, not toxicity (from LAB) and relative ease of preparation. These properties hold promise of biosurfactants to increase breast milk benefit were isolated and described into Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum ,Lactococcuslactis, and Leuconostocmesenteroides.The degree of microbial destruction of disease, which promotes the effective remediation of disease spreading.This paper presents a review of available research, methods and publications regarding Biosurfactant extraction from Lactic Acid bacteria isolated from human breast milk. 3 samples of human breast milk was provided, LAB were isolated and described, Biosurfactants recovery and surface activity were tested and extracted endo and extra cellular. In other side 26 samples from eye patients were ordered, diagnosed and their sensitivity to biosurfactant were studied. The results showed that 5 isolates of LAB from human breast milk were biosurfactant producer but L. plantarum was the more efficiency in surface activity. In other side, out of 26 eyes sample 18 were positive to pathogenic bacteria included E.coli (7), Klebseilla (5), Staphylococcus aureus(3)and S.epidermides (3).Extracellular Biosurfactanthad good effect against tested bacteria, but endocellular (extraction by normal method) had not any effect against any bacteria, whereas by solvents method were the more active against all tested bacteria. The results are promising enough to continue the quest for enhancement of inhibition growth of pathogenic bacteria with biosurfactant application (extracted extracellular by solvents) to look forward for biosurfactant as a solution of antibiotic resistance problem. In this study we concluded thatL. plantarum was the more effectiveness in biosurfactant surface activity and the extracellular biosurfactant by solvent method for extraction were better than endocellular and normal method of extraction.

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Antimicrobial Protein and Peptide Concentrations and Activity in Human Breast Milk Consumed by Preterm Infants at Risk of Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0117038 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. e0117038 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Stephanie Trend ◽

Tobias Strunk ◽

Julie Hibbert ◽

Chooi Heen Kok ◽

Guicheng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Late Onset ◽

Antimicrobial Protein ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Effect of Storage Processes on the Bacterial Growth-Inhibiting Activity of Human Breast Milk

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.63.4.597 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 597-601 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jacinto Hernandez ◽

Pamela Lemons ◽

James Lemons ◽

James Todd

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Inhibiting Activity ◽

Human Breast ◽

Bacteria Growth ◽

Gradual Loss ◽

Fresh Frozen ◽

Group B

Human breast milk samples were collected from lactating mothers, and aliquots were maintained at room temperature, frozen, and pasteurized. Samples were inoculated with 10 to 5O colony-forming units per milliliter (cfu/ml) of Escherichia coli or group B streptococcus, and incubated at 37 C. Quantitative growth was measured at eight and 24 hours. No inhibitory activity was demonstrated by control broth, commercial formula, and pasteurized breast milk, which had a rapid logarithmic growth to a maximum of 108 to 109 cfu/ml at 24 hours. Compared with these controls, fresh breast milk, fresh frozen breast milk, and breast milk frozen for 21 days demonstrated a significant inhibition of bacteria growth. A trend toward gradual loss of inhibiting activity was noted with prolonged freezing of breast milk. Although freezing may quantitatively decrease the amount of some breast milk host-defense factors, it cannot be assumed that cotuparable functional reductions will necessarily result.

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