scholarly journals Upward Magma Migration Within the Multi-Level Plumbing System of the Changbaishan Volcano (China/North Korea) Revealed by the Modeling of 2018–2020 SAR Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Trasatti ◽  
Cristiano Tolomei ◽  
Lianhuan Wei ◽  
Guido Ventura
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Plumbing System ◽  
Active System ◽  
Changbaishan Volcano ◽  
Summit Caldera ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Magma Migration

Changbaishan volcano (China/North Korea border) was responsible for the largest eruption of the first Millennium in 946 CE and is characterized by a multi-level plumbing system. It last erupted in 1903 and presently consists of a cone with summit caldera. An unrest episode occurred between 2002 and 2006, followed by subsidence. Here, we analyze the Changbaishan 2018–2020 deformations by using remote sensing data, detecting an up to 20 mm/yr, NW-SE elongated, Line of Sight movement of its southeastern flank and a −20 mm/yr Line of Sight movement of the southwestern flank. This reveals an unrest occurring during 2018–2020. Modeling results suggest that three active sources are responsible for the observed ground velocities: a deep tabular deflating source, a shallower inflating NW-SE elongated spheroid source, and a NW-SE striking dip-slip fault. The depth and geometry of the inferred sources are consistent with independent petrological and geophysical data. Our results reveal an upward magma migration from 14 to 7.7 km. The modeling of the leveling data of the 2002–2005 uplift and 2009–2011 subsidence depicts sources consistent with the 2018–2020 active system retrieved. The past uplift is interpreted as related to pressurization of the upper portion of the spheroid magma chamber, whereas the subsidence is consistent with the crystallization of its floor, this latter reactivated in 2018–2020. Therefore, Changbaishan is affected by an active magma recharge reactivating a NW-SE trending fault system. Satellite data analysis is a key tool to unravel the magma dynamics at poorly monitored and cross-border volcanoes.

scholarly journals Application of Sentinel-1 Radar Remote Sensing Data for Detecting Nuclear Test Location in North Korea on September 3, 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asset Akhmadiya ◽  
Khuralay Moldamurat ◽  
Nabi Nabiyev ◽  
Aigerim Kismanova
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Underground Explosion ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Operation System ◽  
Radar Remote Sensing ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
First Time

Sentinel-1A/B radar remote sensing data were applied for the first time to determine the sixth nuclear test, its underground explosion h-bomb location and affected zone in North Korea, on September 3, 2017. Location of epicenters nuclear test were found according to line-of-sight displacement images via its maximum value. Line-of-sight displacement images were obtained by processing in the GMTSAR package in the VirtualBox virtual machine of the Linux Ubuntu 16.04 operation system. In this research, three scenes Sentinel-B data with descending orbits were considered, one after and two before the event (the nuclear test date) scene were used.

scholarly journals Research On The Classification Of High Resolution Image Based On Object-oriented And Class Rule

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-7/W4 ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Li ◽  
W. Fang ◽  
X. J. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Remote Sensing Image ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Image Object

With the development of remote sensing technology, the spatial resolution, spectral resolution and time resolution of remote sensing data is greatly improved. How to efficiently process and interpret the massive high resolution remote sensing image data for ground objects, which with spatial geometry and texture information, has become the focus and difficulty in the field of remote sensing research. An object oriented and rule of the classification method of remote sensing data has presents in this paper. Through the discovery and mining the rich knowledge of spectrum and spatial characteristics of high-resolution remote sensing image, establish a multi-level network image object segmentation and classification structure of remote sensing image to achieve accurate and fast ground targets classification and accuracy assessment. Based on worldview-2 image data in the Zangnan area as a study object, using the object-oriented image classification method and rules to verify the experiment which is combination of the mean variance method, the maximum area method and the accuracy comparison to analysis, selected three kinds of optimal segmentation scale and established a multi-level image object network hierarchy for image classification experiments. The results show that the objectoriented rules classification method to classify the high resolution images, enabling the high resolution image classification results similar to the visual interpretation of the results and has higher classification accuracy. The overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of the object-oriented rules classification method were 97.38%, 0.9673; compared with object-oriented SVM method, respectively higher than 6.23%, 0.078; compared with object-oriented KNN method, respectively more than 7.96%, 0.0996. The extraction precision and user accuracy of the building compared with object-oriented SVM method, respectively higher than 18.39%, 3.98%, respectively better than the object-oriented KNN method 21.27%, 14.97%.

scholarly journals Testing and Validating the Suitability of Geospatially Informed Proxies on Land Tenure in North Korea for Korean (Re-)Unification

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Cheonjae Lee ◽  
Walter Timo de de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Technical Assessment

The role of remote sensing data in detecting, estimating, and monitoring socioeconomic status (SES) such as quality of life dimensions and sustainable development prospects has received increased attention. Geospatial data has emerged as powerful source of information for enabling both socio-technical assessment and socio-legal analysis in land administration domain. In the context of Korean (re-)unification, there is a notable paucity of evidence how to identify unknowns in North Korea. The main challenge is the lack of complete and adequate information when it comes to clarifying unknown land tenure relations and land governance arrangements. Deriving informative land tenure relations from geospatial data in line with socio-economic land attributes is currently the most innovative approach. In-close and in-depth investigations of validating the suitability of a set of geospatially informed proxies combining multiple values were taken into consideration, as were the forms of knowledge co-production. Thus, the primary aim is to provide empirical evidence of whether proposed proxies are scientifically valid, policy-relevant, and socially robust. We revealed differences in the distributions of agreements relating to land ownership and land transfer rights identification among scientists, bureaucrats, and stakeholders. Moreover, we were able to measure intrinsic, contextual, representational, and accessibility attributes of information quality regarding the associations between earth observation (EO) data and land tenure relations in North Korea from a number of different viewpoints. This paper offers valuable insights into new techniques for validating suitability of EO data proxies in the land administration domain off the reliance on conventional practices formed and customized to the specific artefacts and guidelines of the remote sensing community.

scholarly journals Earthquake ground deformation using DInSAR analysis and instrumental seismicity: The 2019 M 6.0 Mesetas Earthquake, Meta, Colombian Andes

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. A090221
Author(s):  
Santiago Noriega-Londoño ◽  
Mauricio A. Bermúdez ◽  
Sergio Andrés Restrepo-Moreno ◽  
María Isabel Marín-Cerón ◽  
Helbert García-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Event ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Surface Uplift ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Deformation Patterns

In this contribution, DInSAR analysis, seismic/brittle strain rates, and seismic uplift estimations were used to evaluate ground deformation patterns of the 24 December 2019 Mw 5.8 Mesetas Earthquake that occurred in the Mesetas municipality (Meta, Colombia), on the eastern foothills of Colombian’s Eastern Cordillera, near the Serranía de la Macarena. According to the focal mechanisms computed for this earthquake, the right-lateral Algeciras Fault System was responsible for the rupture event. Primary and secondary SAR images from December 18/2019 and 30/2019, respectively, were used to calculate coseismic ground deformation of the study area. Geocoded line-of-sight (LOS) displacement image suggests that major ground deformation was on the order of 0.2 m for the 24 December discrete seismic event, while the accumulated seismic contribution to surface uplift during 1993 to 2020 reached values of ca. 0.14 m/yr. In contrast, seismic/brittle strain rates and seismic uplift estimations show that this part of South America is currently experiencing deformation at a rate of 4.1×10-16 ± 1.7×10-17s-1 and uplift at a rate of 81.5 ± 3.4 m/Ma during 2018-2020, whereas the deformation was 0.1×10-16 ± 0.2 ×10-17s-1 at a rate of 2.2 ± 0.5 m/Ma between 1993-2018.

U-series zircon age constraints on the plumbing system and magma residence times of the Changbai volcano, China/North Korea border

Lithos ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 200-201 ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Zou ◽  
Qicheng Fan ◽  
Hongfu Zhang ◽  
Axel K. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Plumbing System ◽  
Zircon Age ◽  
Age Constraints

An estimation of regional geologic structures from the geomorphology to characterize the Wadi systems, southeast Sinai, Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. T323-T336
Author(s):  
Okechukwu Livinus Obiegbu ◽  
Andreas Laake ◽  
Peter Brabham
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Rgb Images ◽  
Multispectral Remote Sensing

Complex regional geologic structural controls have generated a lot of interest in the engineering, oil, and gas industries within the past few years. Digital elevation models (DEMs), multispectral remote sensing images using ArcGIS software, in combination with data cube and geomorphologic characterization, provide important markers that aid in spatial information analysis for the study area. We have validated the characterization and classification of DEMs using spatial statistics by mineral spectroscopy of multispectral remote sensing data. Our characterization was initiated by a joint interpretation of DEMs and multispectral remote sensing data in association with stratigraphic and geologic information. We have combined Landsat ETM+ images from visible (VIS), near-infrared (NIR), and mid-infrared (MID IR) to create red-green-blue (RGB) images, superimposed with high-spectral-resolution 15 m panchromatic band 8. Principal component analysis (PCA) further enhanced the image results. To characterize the geomorphology and near surface, specific bands used included RGB Landsat 742 and 321 data sets, whereas false-color Landsat RGB images (742 and 432) provided spatial data in delineating areas of lineations and fault systems. The tectonic lineaments extracted from the escarpments of the DEM and magnetic data provided structures related to tectonic forces to better understand the major faults, lineations, and geomorphology. Results of this study showed a strikingly reliable interpretative result of these faults that controlled the low-lying areas. These faults and lineations are high-permeability zones that can be saturated by water during active rainfall and flash-flood periods thereby disrupting the equilibrium of various fault zones in the area and raising tectonic activities within the active fault system. Such saturation presents a major environmental hazard for the study area. Generally, the use of Landsat data combined with PCA indicates promising evidence of possible plays within the huge sedimentary deposits and raised concerns about safety and hazard issues.

Detection of buried faults and fractures using soil gas analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Fountain ◽  
Robert D. Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Biogenic Methane ◽  
Site Evaluation ◽  
Conventional Mapping ◽  
Portable Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Gas Bearing

Abstract Detection of fractures in bedrock, which is essential for hazardous waste site evaluation and for modeling of local ground-water flow in fractured terranes, is difficult where exposure is poor, but may be accomplished using a newly developed method based on soil gas analysis. This method is based upon the accumulation of thermogenic gas in soil above open bedrock fractures. Fractures may provide high permeability pathways through bedrock; if the underlying units contain natural gas, gas will migrate upward through open fractures, producing anomalously high methane concentrations in the soil above. Over ten thousand soil gas analyses from western New York demonstrated that fractures of the Clarendon-Linden Fault System could be traced with soil gas analyses through an area largely covered with unconsolidated glacial deposits. Interpretation of soil gas anomalies as indicators of underlying fractures was confirmed by correlation with outcrop, well log, seismic, and remote sensing data. Samples were collected at a spacing of 10 m, from a depth of approximately 60 cm, using a stainless steel probe driven with a sledgehammer. Analysis of the 60 cc samples was done on-site with a portable gas chromatograph. Ethane/methane ratios were used to distinguish thermogenic gas from biogenic methane. The excellent correlation of linear soil gas anomalies with mapped fractures suggests that where gas-bearing units underlie an area, soil gas analysis may provide a method of mapping faults and fractures where exposure is too poor for conventional mapping.

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