scholarly journals Roles and Mechanisms of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors in Vascular Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen Cao ◽  
Kun Wu ◽  
Yong-Zhi Zhu ◽  
Zhong-Wu Bao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Blood Vessel Wall ◽  
Vascular Aging ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Dpp4 Inhibitors ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Vascular aging is characterized by alterations in the constitutive properties and biological functions of the blood vessel wall. Endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are indispensability elements in the inner layer and the medial layer of the blood vessel wall, respectively. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors, as a hypoglycemic agent, play a protective role in reversing vascular aging regardless of their effects in meliorating glycemic control in humans and animal models of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through complex cellular mechanisms, including improving EC dysfunction, promoting EC proliferation and migration, alleviating EC senescence, obstructing EC apoptosis, suppressing the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, increasing circulating endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) levels, and preventing the infiltration of mononuclear macrophages. All of these showed that DPP4 inhibitors may exert a positive effect against vascular aging, thereby preventing vascular aging-related diseases. In the current review, we will summarize the cellular mechanism of DPP4 inhibitors regulating vascular aging; moreover, we also intend to compile the roles and the promising therapeutic application of DPP4 inhibitors in vascular aging-related diseases.

scholarly journals DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITORS: POTENTIAL FOR TREATMENT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND DEVELOPED FORMULATION APPROACHES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Shashikant Dhole
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Dpp4 Inhibitors ◽  
Sustain Release ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

  This review article deals with the pre-clinical and clinical findings reviewed or investigated by the researchers on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors as a potential in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Most of the researchers reported the activity of DPP4 inhibitors in the management of obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and in cardiometabolic risk which are summarized in the article. This article also focuses on the formulation approaches in which the formulators have reported and used in the designing or development of DPP4 inhibitors as dosage form. The formulation approaches which are commonly employed on DPP4 inhibitors are immediate release, sustain release, and combination therapy.  

The Intravascular Generation of Fibrinogen Derivatives and the Blood Vessel Wall in Venous Thrombosis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 0831-0849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Blood Vessel Wall ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Fibrin Formation ◽  
Rich Material

SummaryBoth deep venous thrombosis and DIC are intermediate mechanisms of disease – both are a consequence of the deposition of fibrin-rich material in blood vessels some distance from the primary site of tissue destruction. The great difference in the sites of fibrin deposition may depend on the extent and site of activation of the clotting mechanism. DIC likely occurs in the fluid phase of the blood as a consequence of massive fibrin formation while thrombosis results from limited fibrin formation at the interface between blood and vessel wall. Leukocytes may be essential for attaching thrombi to the vessel wall in many places.

An Update in Incretin-Based Therapy: A Focus on Dipeptidyl Peptidase - 4 Inhibitors

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K. Irons ◽  
Jessica M. Weis ◽  
Megan R. Stapleton ◽  
Krystal L. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

scholarly journals The association of bullous pemphigoid with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors: a ten-year prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaia Lambadiari ◽  
Aikaterini Kountouri ◽  
Foteini Kousathana ◽  
Emmanouil Korakas ◽  
Georgios Kokkalis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Steroid Administration ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background Bullous pemphigoid is the most common bullous chronic autoimmune skin disease. Recent studies have suggested dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors as possible predisposing agents of bullous pemphigoid. The objective of our study was to prospectively estimate the association between gliptins and the development of bullous pemphigoid. Methods We conducted a prospective study which included all patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven bullous pemphigoid in the Dermatology Department of our hospital between April 1, 2009 and December 31,2019. The diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid was based on specific clinical, histological and immunological features. Results Overall 113 consecutive patients (age 75 ± 13 years, 62 females) with the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid were enrolled. Seventy-six patients (67.3%) suffered from type 2 Diabetes and 52 (46%) were treated with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors. The most frequent prescribed gliptin was vildagliptin, being administered to 45 cases (39.8% of total patients enrolled, 86.5% of the patients treated with gliptins). Gliptins were withdrawn immediately after the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid, which together with steroid administration led to remission of the rash. Conclusions This study revealed that treatment with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors, especially vildagliptin, is significantly associated with an increased risk of bullous pemphigoid development.

scholarly journals Eicosanoids and the blood vessel wall.

Circulation ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Blood Vessel Wall
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