scholarly journals Fate and Toxicity of Carbamazepine and Its Degradation By-Products During Coupling of Ozonation and Nanofiltration for Urban Wastewater Reuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Amadou Yacouba ◽  
G. Lesage ◽  
J. Mendret ◽  
F. Zaviska ◽  
E. Petit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
By Products

Occurrence of emerging organic micropollutants in water bodies and their effects are a concern related to quality of reused water. Advanced oxidation processes have demonstrated promising results to address this challenge. Nonetheless, these processes may lead to the generation of more toxic oxidation by-products. The aim of this study was to investigate the coupling of ozonation and nanofiltration (NF) applied to carbamazepine (CBZ). It consisted in monitoring the degradation and fate of CBZ and its subsequent by-products, their fate and toxicity. CBZ was completely degraded after 5 min of ozonation and six identified transformation by-products were formed: I (hydroxycarbamazepine), BQM [1-(2-benzaldehyde)-4-hydro-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2-one], II (2-(1H)-quinazolinone), BaQM [1-(2-benzoic acid)-4-hydro-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2-one], BQD [1-(2-benzaldehyde)-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2,4-dione] and BaQD [1-(2-benzoic acid)-(1H, 3H)-quinazoline-2,4-dione]. Mineralization rate of ozonation never exceeded 12% even with high ozone dose. Bioassays with Vibrio fischeri revealed that BQM and BQD are responsible for toxicity. NF is able to remove total organic carbon with removal rate up to 93% at 85% of permeate recovery rate. CBZ and its different ozonation by-products were almost completely retained by NF, except the II, which had an MW slightly lower than the membrane molecular weight cut-off, for which the removal rate was still between 80 and 96% depending on the recovery rate.

scholarly journals Decomposition of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Advanced Oxidation Processes

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Kudlek
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Contaminants Of Emerging Concern ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
By Products

This paper compares the removal degrees of selected contaminants of emerging concern in water solutions during advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as H2O2, O3, UV, UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2, and UV/O3. The tested micropollutants belong to the following groups: pharmaceuticals, dyes, UV filters, hormones, pesticides, and food additives. The highest removal rate of pharmaceutical compounds was observed during the UV/TiO2 process. The decomposition of hormones in this process exceeded 96% and the concentration of the UV filter dioxybenzone was reduced by 75%. The pesticide triallat and the food additive butylated hydroxytoluene were most effectively oxidized by the UV process and their removal degrees exceeded 90%. The lowest removal degree in all examined processes was observed in the case of caffeine. Toxicological analysis conducted in post-processed water samples indicated the generation of several oxidation by-products with a high toxic potential. The presence of those compounds was confirmed by the GC-MS analysis. The performance of the UV/O3 process leads to the increase of the toxicity of post-processed water solutions, especially solutions containing degradation by-products of carbamazepine, diclofenac sodium salt, acridine, trialatte, triclosan, and β-estradiol were characterized by high toxicity.

scholarly journals Degradation of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone by advanced oxidation with UV, H2O2, and O3: parameter optimization and model building

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangbin Pan ◽  
Xiaokang Zhu ◽  
Guifang Li ◽  
Yongqiang Wang ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Uv Dose ◽  
By Products

Abstract Halobenzoquinones are disinfection by-products with cytotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and genotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the removal of the HBQ 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ) from water using advanced oxidation processes. The removal of DCBQ from water using UV, H2O2, and O3 advanced oxidation processes individually was not ideal with removal rates of 36.1% with a UV dose of 180 mJ/cm2, 32.0% with 2 mg/L H2O2, and 57.9% with 2 mg/L O3. Next, we investigated using the combined UV/H2O2/O3 advanced oxidation process to treat water containing DCBQ. A Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the parameters of the UV/H2O2/O3 process, which gave the following optimum DCBQ removal conditions: UV dose of 180 mJ/cm2, O3 concentration of 0.51 mg/L, and H2O2 concentration of 1.76 mg/L. The DCBQ removal rate under the optimum conditions was 94.3%. We also found that lower humic acid concentrations promoted DCBQ degradation, while higher humic acid concentrations inhibited DCBQ degradation.

Wastewater reclamation and reuse in Japan: overview and implementation examples

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Asano ◽  
M. Maeda ◽  
M. Takaki
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse ◽  
The Status

To alleviate potentially catastrophic water supply and wastewater disposal problems as well as expand dependable water supply infrastructure, Japan has launched comprehensive urban wastewater reclamation and reuse projects since 1968. In this paper, the status of national policies on wastewater treatment, wastewater reuse characteristics, and some wastewater reuse experiences are presented. Two implementation examples in Tokyo and Fukuoka are discussed in detail, with special reference to application for toilet-flushing in high-rise business buildings and stream restoration and flow augmentation. It was found that the key to the success of wastewater reclamation and reuse is the quality of reclaimed water; public acceptance is closely associated with water quality and water supply dependability.

Multivariate micropollutants analysis in marine waters

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
V. Librando ◽  
G. Magazzù ◽  
A. Puglisi
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Data Analysis ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Environmental Chemistry ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Suspended Material ◽  
The Difference

The monitoring of water quality today provides a great quantity of data consisting of the values of the parameters measured as a function of time. In the marine environment, and especially in the suspended material, increasing importance is being given to the presence of organic micropollutants, particularly since some are known to be carcinogenic. As the number of measured parameters increases examining the data and their consequent interpretation becomes more difficult. To overcome such difficulties, numerous chemometric techniques have been introduced in environmental chemistry, such as Multivariate Data Analysis (MVDA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR). The use of the first technique in this work has been applied to the interpretation of the quality of Augusta bay, by measuring the concentration of numerous organic micropollutants, together with the classical water pollution parameters, in different sites and at different times. The MVDA has highlighted the difference between various sampling sites whose data were initially thought to be similar. Furthermore, it has allowed a choice of more significant parameters for future monitoring and more suitable sampling site locations.

Urban Wastewater Discharge and Bacteriological Quality of Receiving Coastal Waters: Processes and Modelling

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
J.-F. Guillaud ◽  
M. Pommepuy ◽  
E. Dupray ◽  
J.-C. Salomon ◽  
B. Thouvenin
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Bacteria Transport

The aim of this paper is to present some results of bacterial studies which were developed by IFREMER in coastal discharge areas of urban wastewaters; they are focused on the determination of bacterial inputs by wastewater treatment plants, the role of environmental factors on the enteric bacteria survival in the coastal zone, and the modelling of bacteria transport and disappearance in order to provide useful management information for minimizing faecal pollution in the coastal zone.

scholarly journals Valorisation of Organic Waste By-Products Using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as a Bio-Convertor

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8345
Author(s):  
Kieran Magee ◽  
Joe Halstead ◽  
Richard Small ◽  
Iain Young
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
The Face ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
By Products ◽  
Hermetia Illucens Larvae

One third of food produced globally is wasted. Disposal of this waste is costly and is an example of poor resource management in the face of elevated environmental concerns and increasing food demand. Providing this waste as feedstock for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) has the potential for bio-conversion and valorisation by production of useful feed materials and fertilisers. We raised BSFL under optimal conditions (28 °C and 70% relative humidity) on seven UK pre-consumer food waste-stream materials: fish trimmings, sugar-beet pulp, bakery waste, fruit and vegetable waste, cheese waste, fish feed waste and brewer’s grains and yeast. The nutritional quality of the resulting BSFL meals and frass fertiliser were then analysed. In all cases, the volume of waste was reduced (37–79%) and meals containing high quality protein and lipid sources (44.1 ± 4.57% and 35.4 ± 4.12%, respectively) and frass with an NPK of 4.9-2.6-1.7 were produced. This shows the potential value of BSFL as a bio-convertor for the effective management of food waste.

Conventional and Advanced Oxidation Processes Used in Disinfection of Treated Urban Wastewater

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rodríguez-Chueca ◽  
M. P. Ormad ◽  
R. Mosteo ◽  
J. Sarasa ◽  
J. L. Ovelleiro
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Oxidation Processes

scholarly journals Effects of different drying rates on the physiological quality of Coffea canephora Pierre seeds

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da Rosa ◽  
Delacyr da Silva Brandão Júnior ◽  
Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
André Delly Veiga ◽  
Luiz Hildebrando de Castro e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Drying Rates

Desiccation tolerance in seeds depends on the species, development stage and drying conditions, especially the water removal rate. Coffea seeds are considered of intermediate performance, because they tolerate relative dehydration compared to orthodox seeds and are sensitive to low temperatures. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of different drying rates on the viability and storability of Coffea canephora seeds. A complete randomized experimental design was used, in a factorial 3 x 5 x 2 design, with three drying rates (fast, intermediate and slow), five final mean water contents after drying (51, 42, 33, 22 and 15 %) and two storage temperatures (10 and 20°C). The germination and seed vigor assessments, using radicle protrusion, cotyledon leaf opening, seedling emergence and emergence speed index, were performed shortly after drying and after two and four months storage. It was observed that with reduction in the water content there was reduction in the germination values and seed vigor, for all the drying rates. The greatest reductions in physiological quality occurred when the seeds were dried quickly and the best results were obtained at the intermediate drying rate. There was an effect of drying rate and storage temperature on the physiological quality of the seeds, and lower germination and vigor values were observed in seeds with lower water content stored at 20°C. C. canephora seeds were tolerant to desiccation down to 15 % water content and can be stored for four months at 10°C. A temperature of 20ºC can be used to store C. canephora seeds, as long as the water content is not reduced to values below 22 % water content.

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