scholarly journals Risks for Using FeCl3 Under a Submerged Condition, and Different Water Management to Reduce Uptake of Antimony and Cadmium in a Rice Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
JiGang Yang ◽  
QianHua Wu ◽  
ZhiLian Fan ◽  
RenWei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Intermittent Irrigation ◽  
Dry Farming ◽  
Different Tissues ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Soil pollution by multiple metal(loid)s is a common problem, and it is not easy to synchronously reduce their uptake in crops. Compounds containing iron (Fe) are often used to efficiently remediate soil metal(loid) pollution; however, its associated risks did not receive much attention especially under unsuitable soil water conditions. Pot experiments were set up using an antimony (Sb) and cadmium (Cd) co-contaminated soil treated with a continued submergence condition plus 5, 10, or 20 mg kg−1 FeCl3 (Experiment I), or treated with different water management including submergence, intermittent irrigation, and dry farming (Experiment II). Our results showed that the continued submergence resulted in excessive accumulation of arsenic (As) in different tissues of rice plants even if the soil As background concentration is low. High soil moisture content increased the available concentrations of Sb and As, but reduced that of Cd in rhizosphere soils, which was in line with their concentrations in different tissues of rice plants (Experiment II). Under a continued submergence condition, FeCl3 significantly stimulated As concentration in the shoots, roots (excluded Fe20 treatment), and husks, but reduced it in the grains. FeCl3 reduced Sb concentration only in the roots and grains, and reduced Cd concentration only in the husks, suggesting a limited efficiency of FeCl3 to reduce Cd uptake under a submergence condition. In this study, the dynamic changes of As, Sb, and Cd concentrations in soil solution, their available concentrations in rhizosphere soils, their accumulation in root iron/manganese plaques, and the relationships among the above parameters were also discussed. We suggested that if FeCl3 would be used to remediate the contaminated soils by Sb and Cd, dry farming for a short time is needed to avoid As accumulation, and intermittent irrigation is a potential choice to avoid the excessive accumulation of As, Sb, and Cd in the edible parts of rice plants.

Phytoremediation: Enhanced cadmium (Cd) accumulation by organic manuring, EDTA and microbial inoculants (Azotobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp.) in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Panwar ◽  
I. Kádár ◽  
B. Bíró ◽  
K. Rajkai-Végh ◽  
P. Ragályi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Spiked Soil ◽  
Living Organisms

Phytoremediation is an approach designed to extract excessive heavy metals from contaminated soils through plant uptake. Cadmium (Cd) is among the elements most toxic to living organisms. Health hazards associated with the lethal intake of Cd include renal (kidney) damage, anaemia, hypertension and liver damage. A greenhouse experiment was carried out with Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) grown on artificially spiked soil (100 μg Cd g−1) with EDTA (2 mmol kg−1 in 5 split doses), FYM, vermicompost (VC) and microbial inoculants (MI) such as Azotobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The growth of Brassica juncea L. was better in soil amended with FYM or VC as compared to unamended Cd-polluted soil. Growth was slightly suppressed in EDTA-treated soil, whereas it was better after treatment with MI. The application of FYM and VC increased the dry matter yield of Indian mustard either alone or in combination with microbial inoculants, while that of EDTA caused a significant decrease in the biomass of Indian mustard. The application of microbial inoculants increased the dry matter yield of both the roots and shoots, but not significantly, because MI shows greater sensitivity towards cadmium. The maximum cadmium concentration was observed in the EDTA +MI treatment, but Cd uptake was maximum in the VC + MI treatment. The Cd concentration in the shoots increased by 120% in CdEDTA over the Cd100 treatment, followed by CdVC (65%) and CdFYM (42%) in the absence of microbial inoculants. The corresponding values in the presence of MI were 107, 51 and 37%, respectively. A similar trend was also observed in the roots in the order CdEDTA+M > CdVC+M > CdFYM+M>Cd100+M.MI caused an increase in Cd content of 5.5% in the roots and 4.1% in the shoots in the CdEDTA+M treatment compared with the CdEDTA treatment. FYM, VC and EDTA also increased Cd uptake significantly both in the shoots and roots with and without microbial inoculants.The results indicated that Vermicompost in combination with microbial inoculants is the best treatment for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Indian mustard, as revealed by the Cd uptake values in the shoots: CdVC+M (2265.7 μg/pot) followed by CdEDTA+M (2251.2 μg/pot), CdFYM+M (1485.7 μg/pot) and Cd100+M (993.1 μg/pot).

scholarly journals Effect of Lime and Farmyard Manure on the Concentration of Cadmium in Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica)

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash Chandra Shaha ◽  
Md. Abul Kashem ◽  
Khan Towhid Osman
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatica ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of lime and farmyard manure on the concentration of cadmium in water spinach. Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica cv. Kankon) was grown in sandy loam soil spiked with 5 mg Cd with lime (L) and farmyard manure (M) amendments. The treatments consisted of control, four levels of L (5, 10, 15, and 20 t ), M (5, 10, 15, and 20 t ), and their combinations (55, 1010, 1515, and 2020 t ). Growth parameters of water spinach increased significantly with the addition of lime and farmyard manure in the soil. Lime addition to soil decreased Cd concentration in both shoot and root of water spinach. In control (00), Cd concentration was 62.67 mg  in shoot, and 135.5 mg  in root. Cadmium concentration decreased by 72, 15, and 66% over the control in shoot and 82, 28, and 76% in the roots correspondingly with the highest rate of lime (20 t ), manure (20 t ), and lime plus manure combinations (20 t  20 t ). The results imply that 5 to 10 t  lime could be used in Cd-contaminated soils to reduce Cd uptake by agricultural crops.

scholarly journals Water Management through Canal Blocking to Improving Rice Productivity in Langsat Permai Village, Bunga Raya District, Siak Regency, Riau Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Isna Rahma Dini ◽  
Hapsoh ◽  
Wawan ◽  
Rendika Ranuda ◽  
Suci Rahmayuni
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Impact

The low productivity of paddy in Langsat Permai Village, Bunga Raya District, Siak Regency, one of them is causes the unavailability of sufficient water for crop cultivation, so it is necessary to do water management by making canal blocking to be used on rice plants in the area. This is done to meet the water needs of rice plants during the dry season. Therefore, assistance is provided through water management in Langsat Permai Village, Bunga Raya District, Siak Regency. Mentoring strategies are carried out by discussing directly with farmer groups about the impact of making canal blocking. Through this activity, the availability of water for rice plants during the dry season is fulfilled. Production of 1 Ha of rice before the blocking canal produced 4-5 tons/harvest to 6-7.8 tons/harvest after the canal blocking.

scholarly journals Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Grown on Tannery Effluent Polluted Soil Amended With Cowdung and Lime

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
N Afrida ◽  
AS Chamon ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
GA Shimi ◽  
MN Mondol
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Lime Application

Pot experiments were carried out with rice (Oryza sativa L.) to evaluate the plant response of different amendments to ameliorate heavy metal toxicity. Cowdung and lime were applied at the rate of 10 ton/ha. Both cowdung and lime application led to an increase in growth of rice and significant reductions of Zn, Ni, Cu and Cr in plant. The length, fresh and dry weight and N, P, K, Na, Ca and Mg concentrations in rice plants were increased significantly. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Cr in rice grown on contaminated soils were significantly higher as compared to the control. Cowdung and lime significantly reduced Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Cr concentrations in comparison to control. Chromium concentrations in lime treated plants were reduced by 57.89% in rice as compared to cowdung. Lime proved to be more efficient in reducing the concentration of metals in rice plants. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(2): 47-54

scholarly journals A review on phytoremediation as an ecological method for in situ clean up of heavy metals contaminated soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 03024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolae Cioica ◽  
Cătălina Tudora ◽  
Dorin Iuga ◽  
György Deak ◽  
Monica Matei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Heavy metals are among the most common types of contaminants in agricultural soils, especially those bordering the cities, due to the uncontrolled use of sewage sludge, compost, mining waste and chemical fertilizers. Excessive accumulation of heavy metals, which do not degrade over time, adversely affects crop yields by decreasing microbial activity and fertility of contaminated soils. Also, excess of heavy metals in the soil poses a serious threat to plant and animal health and, through their entry into the food chain, to human health. For this reason, the decontamination of soils contaminated with heavy metals has become a necessity. This review presents the current state of phytoremediation research as the most cost-effective method of in-situ environmental decontamination of soils contaminated with heavy metals.

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