Higher Prevalence of Non-thyroidal-Illness Syndrome in Elderly Male Patients With Active Helicobacter pylori Infection

Objective: It is currently unclear whether the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection leads to associated alterations in thyroid functions and thyroidal illnesses. This study aims to analyse this relationship in an elderly male cohort over a five-year period.Design: A case retrospective study.Methods: A longitudinal study was designed to collect subjects (≥65 years old) receiving both a thyroid examination and H. pylori infection status determined by 13C-urea breath test in 2013 at our unit. Subjects were followed every 1 to 2 years until December 2017 for laboratory results, visits to outpatient clinics/emergency departments etc. Blood tests and thyroid ultrasonography were performed to determine thyroid function and morphology.Results: 356 male subjects with mean age 78.5 ± 9.8 years were included. Active H. pylori infection was positive in 88 subjects (24.7%). Thyroid function tests and ultrasonography showed similar patterns between H. pylori positive and negative groups. Non-thyroidal-illness syndrome (NTIS) was diagnosed in 30/210 (14%) patients who experienced acute illnesses and hospitalization over five-year follow-up. Notably, NTIS demonstrated significantly higher prevalence in the H. pylori positive group compared to the negative group (17.1 vs. 5.6%, P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that when age, APACHE II score and hemoglobin levels were adjusted, H. pylori status still has significant interrelationship with NTIS (OR = 3.497, P = 0.003).Conclusions: There is a positive association between chronic active H. pylori infection and NTIS prevalence in this elderly male cohort. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of H. pylori infection on NTIS in elderly male patients.

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Role of Helicobacter pylori in the genesis of gastric ulcerations among smokers and nonsmokers

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/1997.3.2.316 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 316-321

Author(s):

M., A. El Barrawy ◽

M. I. Morad ◽

M. Gaber

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Male Patients ◽

H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori infection was investigated by three different methods [serologically, microbiologically and biochemically] in 210 male patients aged 20-40 years. Gastric ulcers were diagnosed in 126 patients in which H. pylori infection showed a significant association X [2] = 162.8]. Smokers had a higher rate of infection than nonsmokers, both among patients with gastric ulcers [99% compared to 79%] and without. The risk of H. pylori infection was computed for different categories of smoker. Heavy cigarette smokers were found to have the highest risk, followed by moderate to mild cigarette smokers and communal shisha smokers;neither private shisha nor cigar/pipe smokers showed any significant risk

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Whole-Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Three Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from the Stomach of a Patient with Adenocarcinoma

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10030331 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 331

Author(s):

Montserrat Palau ◽

Núria Piqué ◽

M. José Ramírez-Lázaro ◽

Sergio Lario ◽

Xavier Calvet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Whole Genome Sequencing ◽

Genome Sequencing ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Outer Membrane Proteins ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Flagellar Biosynthesis ◽

H Pylori ◽

Restriction Modification

Helicobacter pylori is a common pathogen associated with several severe digestive diseases. Although multiple virulence factors have been described, it is still unclear the role of virulence factors on H. pylori pathogenesis and disease progression. Whole genome sequencing could help to find genetic markers of virulence strains. In this work, we analyzed three complete genomes from isolates obtained at the same point in time from a stomach of a patient with adenocarcinoma, using multiple available bioinformatics tools. The genome analysis of the strains B508A-S1, B508A-T2A and B508A-T4 revealed that they were cagA, babA and sabB/hopO negative. The differences among the three genomes were mainly related to outer membrane proteins, methylases, restriction modification systems and flagellar biosynthesis proteins. The strain B508A-T2A was the only one presenting the genotype vacA s1, and had the most distinct genome as it exhibited fewer shared genes, higher number of unique genes, and more polymorphisms were found in this genome. With all the accumulated information, no significant differences were found among the isolates regarding virulence and origin of the isolates. Nevertheless, some B508A-T2A genome characteristics could be linked to the pathogenicity of H. pylori.

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Systems Modeling of the Role of Interleukin-21 in the Maintenance of Effector CD4+ T Cell Responses during Chronic Helicobacter pylori Infection

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.01243-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Adria Carbo ◽

Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez ◽

Raquel Hontecillas ◽

Josep Bassaganya-Riera ◽

Rupesh Chaturvedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

T Cell ◽

Wild Type ◽

Content Type ◽

Interleukin 21 ◽

H Pylori ◽

Deficient Mice

ABSTRACTThe development of gastritis duringHelicobacter pyloriinfection is dependent on an activated adaptive immune response orchestrated by T helper (Th) cells. However, the relative contributions of the Th1 and Th17 subsets to gastritis and control of infection are still under investigation. To investigate the role of interleukin-21 (IL-21) in the gastric mucosa duringH. pyloriinfection, we combined mathematical modeling of CD4+T cell differentiation within vivomechanistic studies. We infected IL-21-deficient and wild-type mice withH. pyloristrain SS1 and assessed colonization, gastric inflammation, cellular infiltration, and cytokine profiles. ChronicallyH. pylori-infected IL-21-deficient mice had higherH. pyloricolonization, significantly less gastritis, and reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines compared to these parameters in infected wild-type littermates. Thesein vivodata were used to calibrate anH. pyloriinfection-dependent, CD4+T cell-specific computational model, which then described the mechanism by which IL-21 activates the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-17 during chronicH. pyloriinfection. The model predicted activated expression of T-bet and RORγt and the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT1 and suggested a potential role of IL-21 in the modulation of IL-10. Driven by our modeling-derived predictions, we found reduced levels of CD4+splenocyte-specifictbx21androrcexpression, reduced phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3, and an increase in CD4+T cell-specific IL-10 expression inH. pylori-infected IL-21-deficient mice. Our results indicate that IL-21 regulates Th1 and Th17 effector responses during chronicH. pyloriinfection in a STAT1- and STAT3-dependent manner, therefore playing a major role controllingH. pyloriinfection and gastritis.IMPORTANCEHelicobacter pyloriis the dominant member of the gastric microbiota in more than 50% of the world’s population.H. pyloricolonization has been implicated in gastritis and gastric cancer, as infection withH. pyloriis the single most common risk factor for gastric cancer. Current data suggest that, in addition to bacterial virulence factors, the magnitude and types of immune responses influence the outcome of colonization and chronic infection. This study uses a combined computational and experimental approach to investigate how IL-21, a proinflammatory T cell-derived cytokine, maintains the chronic proinflammatory T cell immune response driving chronic gastritis duringH. pyloriinfection. This research will also provide insight into a myriad of other infectious and immune disorders in which IL-21 is increasingly recognized to play a central role. The use of IL-21-related therapies may provide treatment options for individuals chronically colonized withH. pylorias an alternative to aggressive antibiotics.

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Genotyping pattern of the vacuolating cytotoxin A and cytotoxin associated gene A of the Helicobacter pylori strains detected in fecal samples of household dogs

Microbiology Research ◽

10.4081/mr.2017.7289 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Asieh Bolandi ◽

Saam Torkan ◽

Iman Alavi

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

16S Rrna ◽

16S Rrna Gene ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

The Status ◽

Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽

H Pylori

In despite of the high clinical impact of Helicobacter pylori, its exact sources and routes of transmission are unknown. Dogs may play an imperative role in the transmission of H. pylori to humans. The current investigation was done to study the status of vacA and cagA genotypes in the H. pylori strains of dogs. One-hundred and fifty fecal samples were collected from healthy and complicated household dogs. Genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples and presence of 16S rRNA gene was studied using the PCR amplification. Distribution of vacA and cagA genotypes were studied by the multiplex PCR. Thirteen out of 150 fecal samples (8.66%) were positive for H. pylori 16S rRNA gene. Prevalence of H. pylori in healthy and complicated dogs were 5.55% and 8.57%, respectively. Male had the higher prevalence of H. pylori (P=0.038). The most commonly detected genotypes among the H. pylori strains were vacAs1A (61.53%), cagA (38.46%), vacAm1a (38.46%), vacAs2 (30.76%) and vacAm2 (30.76%). The most commonly detected combined genotypes were s1aCagA (30.76%), s1am1a (23.07%), s2m1a (23.07%) and s2CagA (23.07%). Iranian household dogs harbor H. pylori in their fecal samples similar in genotypes of the vacA and cagA alleles which suggest that complicated and even healthy dogs may be the latent host of the H. pylori and its genotypes. However, supplementary studies are required to found the exact role of dogs as a definitive host of the H. pylori.

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Furazolidone- and Nitrofurantoin-ResistantHelicobacter pylori: Prevalence and Role of Genes Involved in Metronidazole Resistance

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.45.1.306-308.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 306-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Dong H. Kwon ◽

Miae Lee ◽

J. J. Kim ◽

J. G. Kim ◽

F. A. K. El-Zaatari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Metronidazole Resistance ◽

H Pylori

ABSTRACT The prevalence of furazolidone, nitrofurantoin, and metronidazole resistance among Helicobacter pylori strains was assessed with 431 clinical isolates. Fifty-two percent were metronidazole resistant, compared to 2% (7 of 431) with resistance to furazolidone and nitrofurantoin. All seven furazolidone- and nitrofurantoin-resistant isolates were also metronidazole resistant.rdxA, frxA, and fdxB knockouts did not result in furazolidone or nitrofurantoin resistance. These data suggest that furazolidone and nitrofurantoin may be good alternatives to metronidazole for treating H. pylori infection.

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Effect of Helicobacter pylori on Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Migration across Polarized T84 Epithelial Cell Monolayers: Role of Vacuolating Toxin VacA and cagPathogenicity Island

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.68.9.5225-5233.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 68 (9) ◽

pp. 5225-5233 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Véronique Hofman ◽

Vittorio Ricci ◽

Antoine Galmiche ◽

Patrick Brest ◽

Patrick Auberger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽

Broth Culture ◽

Intestinal Cell ◽

T84 Cells ◽

Vacuolating Cytotoxin ◽

Intestinal Cell Line ◽

H Pylori

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori infection can induce polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) infiltration of the gastric mucosa, which characterizes acute chronic gastritis. The mechanisms underlying this process are poorly documented. The lack of an in vitro model has considerably impaired the study of transepithelial migration of PMNL induced by H. pylori. In the present work, we used confluent polarized monolayers of the human intestinal cell line T84 grown on permeable filters to analyze the epithelial PMNL response induced by broth culture filtrates (BCFs) and bacterial suspensions from different strains of H. pylori. We have evaluated the role of the vacuolating cytotoxin VacA and of the cagpathogenicity island (PAI) of H. pylori in PMNL migration via their effects on T84 epithelial cells. We noted no difference in the rates of PMNL transepithelial migration after epithelial preincubation with bacterial suspensions or with BCFs of VacA-negative or VacA-positive H. pylori strains. In contrast, PMNL transepithelial migration was induced after incubation of the T84 cells with cag PAI-positive and cagE-positiveH. pylori strains. Finally, PMNL migration was correlated with a basolateral secretion of interleukin-8 by T84 cells, thus creating a subepithelial chemotactic gradient for PMNL. These data provide evidence that the vacuolating cytotoxin VacA is not involved in PMNL transepithelial migration and that the cag PAI, with a pivotal role for the cagE gene, provokes a transcellular signal across T84 monolayers, inducing a subepithelial PMNL response.

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OX40L/OX40 Signal Promotes IL-9 Production by Mucosal MAIT Cells During Helicobacter pylori Infection

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.626017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Siqi Ming ◽

Mei Zhang ◽

Zibin Liang ◽

Chunna Li ◽

Jianzhong He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Potential Role ◽

Critical Role ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Mucosal Inflammation ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Mait Cells ◽

H Pylori ◽

Mait Cell

Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play a critical role in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastritis by promoting mucosal inflammation and aggravating mucosal injuries (1, 2). However, the underlying mechanism and key molecules involved are still uncertain. Here we identified OX40, a co-stimulatory molecule mainly expressed on T cells, as a critical regulator to promote proliferation and IL-9 production by MAIT cells and facilitate mucosal inflammation in H. pylori-positive gastritis patients. Serum examination revealed an increased level of IL-9 in gastritis patients. Meanwhile, OX40 expression was increased in mucosal MAIT cells, and its ligand OX40L was also up-regulated in mucosal dendritic cells (DCs) of gastritis patients, compared with healthy controls. Further results demonstrated that activation of the OX40/OX40L pathway promoted IL-9 production by MAIT cells, and MAIT cells displayed a highly-activated phenotype after the cross-linking of OX40 and OX40L. Moreover, the level of IL-9 produced by MAIT cells was positively correlated with inflammatory indexes in the gastric mucosa, suggesting the potential role of IL-9-producing MAIT cells in mucosal inflammation. Taken together, we elucidated that OX40/OX40L axis promoted mucosal MAIT cell proliferation and IL-9 production in H. pylori-induced gastritis, which may provide potential targeting strategies for gastritis treatment.

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Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with colon adenomas in a brazilian university hospital

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032009000200004 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 97-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Abadia Gilda Buso ◽

Haroldo Luis Oliva Gomes Rocha ◽

Débora Miranda Diogo ◽

Priscila Miranda Diogo ◽

Augusto Diogo-Filho

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Positive Association ◽

University Hospital ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Chi Square ◽

Colon Adenomas ◽

Colonic Adenomas ◽

Significant Difference ◽

H Pylori

CONTEXT: The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and colon neoplasia has been the subject of recent investigations which have produced controversial results. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with colonic adenomas and also in patients whose colonoscopy exams were normal. METHODS: After colonoscopy, the individuals were distributed into two groups: patients with colon adenomas (cases) and patients whose colons were normal (controls). The groups were similar regarding age and gender. The individuals of both groups were subjected to a dosage of IgG antibody against H. pylori. The dosage was applied according to the solid phase, chemiluminescent immunometric assay. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There were 30 men and 64 women in each group (94 cases and 94 controls). The mean age of the cases was 59.79 ± 12.25 years and that of the controls was 58.98 ± 11.55 years. The H. pylori serology was positive for 66 (70.21%) of the cases and for 51 (54.25%) of the controls. There was a significant difference (P = 0.024). The odds ratio was 1.98 (CI 95%, 0.82-3.15). The prevalence of H. pylori in cases and controls according to gender, histological type and location of the colon lesions showed a significant difference only among women (P = 0.03), among patients with tubular adenomas (P = 0.03), and in those with distal adenomas (P = 0.038). CONCLUSION: There is a positive association between H. pylori infection and colonic adenomas. This association is more evident in women, especially for tubular adenomas and distal colonic location.

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Growth Phase Regulation of flaA Expression in Helicobacter pylori Is luxS Dependent

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.72.9.5506-5510.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 72 (9) ◽

pp. 5506-5510 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

John T. Loh ◽

Mark H. Forsyth ◽

Timothy L. Cover

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Wild Type ◽

Phase Dependence ◽

Autoinducer 2 ◽

Extracellular Signaling ◽

Reporter Strains ◽

Phase Regulation ◽

H Pylori

ABSTRACT LuxS plays a role in the synthesis of an extracellular signaling molecule, autoinducer 2 (AI-2). To analyze a possible role of AI-2 in regulating Helicobacter pylori gene expression, we constructed a panel of transcriptional reporter strains. We show that the expression of H. pylori flaA is growth phase dependent and that flaA transcription increases in association with increased culture density. Mutating the luxS gene eliminates growth-phase-dependent control of flaA, and this growth phase dependence is restored when the luxS mutant strain is complemented with the wild-type luxS gene.

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Helicobacter pylori bacteremia: an unusual finding

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.4081/idr.2016.6612 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Concetta De Luca ◽

Annalisa Mancin ◽

Maria Calabrò ◽

Cristina Daleno ◽

Antonella Ferrario ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Potential Role ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Subtotal Gastrectomy ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

H Pylori ◽

Stomach Surgery ◽

Unusual Finding

We report a case of Helicobacter pylori transient bacteremia in a woman with ulcerated antral gastric cancer. The patient was hospitalized for laparoscopy and subtotal gastrectomy. After surgery she developed fever (39°C) and was empirically treated with levofloxacin. Blood cultures, collected and sent immediately to Laboratory, were positive for a spiral Gramnegative bacterium. This isolate was identified as H. pylori and the specific susceptibility test was performed. One day after the fever was decreased but antibiotic treatment with levofloxacin was continued and it was maintained until discharge. In summary, H. pylori transient bacteremia may occur as a rare complication after stomach surgery. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the potential role of H. pylori presence in blood.

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