scholarly journals A Multicenter Study of the Distribution Pattern of Posterior-To-Anterior Corneal Curvature Radii Ratio in Chinese Myopic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changting Tang ◽  
Qiaowei Wu ◽  
Baoyi Liu ◽  
Guanrong Wu ◽  
Jing Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Compensation Effect ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Refractive Outcome ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Refractive Power ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Estimation of corneal refractive power (CRP) is of crucial importance to refractive and cataract surgery. The ratio of posterior to anterior curvature radii of the cornea (P/A ratio) is one of the key factors to determine the actual CRP (True-K). While the traditional method to calculate the CRP (Sim-K) is based on a constant P/A ratio (0.82), it is suggested that the P/A ratio varies in different people and exhibits a distribution pattern, which may have an impact on the accuracy of CRP estimation and postoperative refractive outcome. In this multicenter study, we aimed to investigate the distribution pattern of the P/A ratio in a large number of myopic patients, and further explore the relationship between P/A ratio and ΔK (the difference between True-K and Sim-K). We found that distribution of the P/A ratio ranged from 0.72 to 0.86 with an average value of 0.82 ± 0.01. The compensation effect of the refractive power of the posterior on the anterior surface of the cornea decreased with the increase of P/A ratio. There was a significant correlation between P/A ratio and ΔK in all eyes (r = 0.9764, P < 0.0001). A change of 0.1 in P/A ratio could cause a change of 0.75 D in ΔK. Our study suggests that the actual P/A ratio should be taken into consideration in refractive and cataract surgery when calculating the CRP and power of the intraocular lens in eyes with significantly deviated P/A ratios.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Kedalaman Permukaan Air Tanah dengan Salinitas di Pesisir Pantai Kungkai Baru serta Penggunaan Model Discovery Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182
Author(s):  
Sutijo Joko Sudiro ◽  
Muchammad Farid ◽  
Eko Swistoro
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
A Value ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT [Relationship between Groundwater Surface Depth with Salinity at the Coast of New Kungkai Beach and its Implementation on Discovery Learning Model]. The aims of this study were 1) to describe the relationship between groundwater surface depth with salinity in the coastal areas of new kungkai beach of Seluma, and 2) to determine the improvement of learning outcomes (cognitive) of high ability students, moderate and low by using discovery learning model on the concept of static fluid in class X computer and network engineering at SMK Negeri 3 Seluma. This research was a quasi experimental research with one groups pretest-posttest design. The results showed: 1) The relationship between depth with salinity has a value of 0.6478 with a significance level of 0.001 (<0.05); 2) Learning with discovery learning model can improve student learning outcomes on cognitive aspects (knowledge). Increased cognitive results can be seen from the average value of the initial test, the final test and the average value of gain in the class x Tkj is high-ability groups are at high criteria with a value of 0.75 gain in the group is in the criteria medium with the value of gain 0,52 and in the low group were in moderate criteria with a gain value of 0.44. There is a difference in learning outcomes between the high, medium and low groups. The difference is shown by Fcount > Ftable (4.04 > 3.35) with a significance level of 5%. Keywords: Groundwater surface depth; salinity; discovery learning model; SMKN 3 Seluma.

A New High Resolution Measurement Technology of D Flip-Flop Output Signals for Measuring Frequency Difference

2013 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 568-571
Author(s):  
Jin Feng Dong ◽  
Wei Yu Zhang ◽  
Hua Liu Liu ◽  
Yong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Error ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Clock Period ◽  
Flip Flop ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Resolution Measurement ◽  
Measuring Frequency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quartz Crystal Resonators ◽  
The Relationship

The output periods of D flip-flop mixer are variable though the periods of two input frequencies are invariable. To measure the output frequency, the conventional method is to calculate the average value of the output periods and the maximum possible absolute error is a clock period. The variation of the output periods has its own pattern of arrangement and it can provide valuable information. Measuring accuracy can be significantly improved by taking into account all the details of output periods changes. A mathematical model that describes the relationship between the input square waves and the output square waves was developed and the difference of two input frequencies can be estimated by the solution of the model. The new method is quite suitable for measuring small frequency increments of quartz crystal resonators.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Kedalaman Permukaan Air Tanah dengan Salinitas di Pesisir Pantai Kungkai Baru serta Penggunaan Model Discovery Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutijo Joko Sudiro ◽  
Muchammad Farid ◽  
Eko Swistoro
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
A Value ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT [Relationship between Groundwater Surface Depth with Salinity at the Coast of New Kungkai Beach and its Implementation on Discovery Learning Model]. The aims of this study were 1) to describe the relationship between groundwater surface depth with salinity in the coastal areas of new kungkai beach of Seluma, and 2) to determine the improvement of learning outcomes (cognitive) of high ability students, moderate and low by using discovery learning model on the concept of static fluid in class X computer and network engineering at SMK Negeri 3 Seluma. This research was a quasi experimental research with one groups pretest-posttest design. The results showed: 1) The relationship between depth with salinity has a value of 0.6478 with a significance level of 0.001 (<0.05); 2) Learning with discovery learning model can improve student learning outcomes on cognitive aspects (knowledge). Increased cognitive results can be seen from the average value of the initial test, the final test and the average value of gain in the class x Tkj is high-ability groups are at high criteria with a value of 0.75 gain in the group is in the criteria medium with the value of gain 0,52 and in the low group were in moderate criteria with a gain value of 0.44. There is a difference in learning outcomes between the high, medium and low groups. The difference is shown by Fcount > Ftable (4.04 > 3.35) with a significance level of 5%. Keywords: Groundwater surface depth; salinity; discovery learning model; SMKN 3 Seluma.

scholarly journals The study of association between the companies market value and the oil and gas reserve value

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bazhar Abdulrahman ◽  
Kahi Ilham Abdal
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Annual Amount

This research investigates the relationship between oil and gas reserves value and oil and gas company's market value by using samples of oil and gas companies which internationally base from 2007 to 2011. Additionally, in order to find the overall relationship between oil and gas reserves and the company’s market value, this research has found the average value of oil and gas reserves in the year and then used the calculated market value which has been calculated by the researcher (cohort study). To find the individual association between oil and gas reserves value and oil and gas market value, this research has found the correlation by using excel spreadsheet and used the annual amount of oil and gas reserves then multiplied by annual averages of oil and gas prices (panel study). Additionally, in order to find the relationship between oil and gas reserves and company’s market value, this research has found the allocated companies' market value. The overall result of this research shows there is a positive relationship between oil and gas reserves value and oil and gas company's market value. Besides, for the individual relationship between oil and reserves value and oil and gas company's market value, the result was different from company to company and the difference can be there depending on the company reserves amount, companies' strategies toward reserves disclosure and the company size.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Potential and Actual of Urban Waterfront Spaces in Wuhan Based on Social Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Jingwen Li ◽  
Yue Ma
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Distribution Of Points ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban Waterfront ◽  
The Relationship

The geographical location of residents and the distribution of points of interest (POI) are key factors affecting the spatial value of urban waterfronts. This study designed an association scheme based on tourists’ geographical location information (obtained from social networks) and the distribution of facilities around lakes to evaluate the spatial value of urban waterfronts. Accordingly, it explored the causes of the current condition of the waterfronts. Using the distribution status of eight types of facilities, a multivariate regression model was established to predict the number of tourists that the lakes attract. Predicted results were compared with the actual condition. The clustering degree of various POI in the waterfronts was graded by using the kernel density estimation, and the difference between the predicted results and actual value was analyzed to reveal the current condition of the urban waterfronts and the reasons for their formation. On the basis of this survey, the situation of 21 major lakes within the third ring road in Wuhan, China was investigated. Results show that existing waterfronts in some areas have a considerable number of users, but the facilities fail to meet their needs. Thus, Wuhan city’s waterfront space needs to be used more effectively. This study can help with making targeted recommendations with reference to future city waterfront planning.

scholarly journals Refractive Outcome and Influencing Factors of Postoperative Refraction in Cataract Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Dairis Meiers ◽  
Anete Kursīte ◽  
Guna Laganovska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Intraocular Lens Implantation ◽  
Refractive Outcome ◽  
Lens Implantation ◽  
Iol Power ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Target Refraction

Abstract Introduction. Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation provide high visual acuity after procedure, increasing quality of life and vision. The aim of procedure is to gain a target refraction, in most cases emmetropia, when a patient does not need visual correction for a distant sight (1). Although the preoperative evaluation and surgery technique has developed in the last years, it is not possible to gain the target refraction in all cases. There still are patients with high postoperative error, which means that there are influencing factors that should be identified. Aim of the Study. Aim of the study was to evaluate the refractive outcome three months after cataract surgery in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital and to find out the factors that influence postoperative refraction after cataract surgery. Material and methods. Retrospective study included 43 eyes of 38 patients who underwent phacoemulsification’s cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation and fixed A constant. Surgeries were done at PSCUH from August, 2017 till January, 2018. Data were collected at postoperative follow-up three months after surgery (postoperative refraction). The difference between data intervals was evaluated using nonparametric tests - Mann-Whitney tests. The correlations between postoperative refraction and potentially influencing factors of refractive outcome were evaluated by nonparametric correlation tests - Spearman’s rho test. Results. Of the patients enrolled in the study, whose median age was 75 years (IQR = 78-68 years), 20,9 % (n=9) were men, 51,2% (n=22) had no comorbidities, 34,9% (n=15) had one comorbidity, but two comorbidities had 14% (n=6) patients. At the time of cataract surgery 16,3% (n=7) of patients had Diabetes mellitus, but 46,5 % (n=20) had Glaucoma. The absolute error between target refraction and postoperative refraction for all cases was 0.48 ± 0.41 D (mean + standard deviation). The main aim of surgery - emmetropic eye - was achieved in 30,2 percent of cases (n=13). In the study, 69.8 percent of cases (n=30) were within ±0.50 D difference between target and final postoperative refraction, and 90.7 percent of cases (n=39) were within ±1.00 D. The study showed moderate and negative correlation between the axial length of eye and refractive outcome of cataract surgery: correlation coefficient r= -0.412 (p=0.006). The study showed week correlation between the age of patients and refractive outcome of cataract surgery r=0.091 (p=0.562). The difference between IOL power calculated using Haigis formula and IOL power of lens implanted during surgery also had a week correlation with refractive outcome r=0.033 (p=0.833). Correlations between comorbidities and refractive outcome were week and negative - in case of diabetes mellitus r= -0.127 but in case of glaucoma r= -0.13. Conclusions. Cataract surgery outcome showed high quality of this procedure because of the insignificant mean postoperative refractive error. The study did not show statistically significant correlation between refractive outcome and the age of patients, presence of diabetes mellitus or glaucoma and the difference between calculated and implanted IOL power. The study revealed moderate and negative correlation between the axial length and refractive outcome. This correlation coincides with the results of the studies previously made. The refractive outcome is worse for smaller eyes.

Comparison of In-the-Ear and Over-the-Ear Hearing Aid Fittings

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M. Risberg ◽  
Robyn M. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Hearing Aid Fitting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Functional Gain ◽  
The Relationship

A custom in-the-ear (ITE) hearing aid fitting was compared to two over-the-ear (OTE) hearing aid fittings for each of 9 subjects with mild to moderately severe hearing losses. Speech intelligibility via the three instruments was compared using the Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) test. The relationship between functional gain and coupler gain was compared for the ITE and the higher rated OTE instruments. The difference in input received at the microphone locations of the two types of hearing aids was measured for 10 different subjects and compared to the functional gain data. It was concluded that (a) for persons with mild to moderately severe hearing losses, appropriately adjusted custom ITE fittings typically yield speech intelligibility that is equal to the better OTE fitting identified in a comparative evaluation; and (b) gain prescriptions for ITE hearing aids should be adjusted to account for the high-frequency emphasis associated with in-the-concha microphone placement.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

The Effect of Jigsaw Methode and Motivation on Students’ of Learning Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Yunita Yunita ◽  
Hidayat Hidayat ◽  
Harun Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
High Learning ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Motivation

This study aims to: (1) investigate the effect of Jigsaw cooperative learning on students learning outcomes; (2) find the difference in learning outcomes between high and low learning motivation and (3) find the interaction between learning approaches and learning motivation towards learning outcomes. The population of the study is students of grade IVa, IVb, IVc at SD Kasih Ibu Patumbak and the sample in this study is grade IVa with 35 students and grade IVb with 35 students. The results show that: (1) the average student learning outcomes of jigsaw cooperative learning is 28.40 while conventional is 24.14. Thus, students learning outcomes that get cooperative learning of jigsaw type are higher than conventional learning, (2) Students who have high motivation get an average value = 30.74, while low motivation is 22.72. Thus, it can be concluded that there are differences in student learning outcomes having high learning motivation and low learning motivation, and (3) students learning outcomes  taught by jigsaw cooperative learning are high learning motivation groups (32.94), and low learning motivation groups (24.58), while students taught with conventional learning are high learning motivation groups (28.40 ), and low motivation groups (20,95). Thus, there is no interaction between learning approaches and learning motivation towards learning outcomes.

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