scholarly journals Case Report: Streptococcus Suis Meningitis Diagnosed in a HIV-Infected Patient With Cryptococcal Meningitis Using Next-Generation Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yirui Xie ◽  
Bing Ruan ◽  
Guanjing Lang ◽  
Biao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Capsular Antigen ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Background: Streptococcus suis has been recognized as a zoonotic pathogen that may cause infections in humans. Although rarely described, it is not surprising that both cryptococcal and streptococcus suis meningitis infections can co-exist in a HIV-infected patient with a low CD4 count. However, a fast and accurate diagnose of meningitis of multipathogenic infections is challenging. In this report, we describe such a case of a HIV-infected patient with meningitis of multipathogenic infections.Case Presentation: The patient was a 34-year-old Chinese male who was diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis and HIV at the same time about 1 year ago. During the same time period, he had received (with good compliance) fluconazole and tenofovir-lamivudine- dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, symptom of progressively worsening occipital headache appeared after he was exposed to a truck which was used for transporting pigs. Initial workup indicated an increase of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure (OP) and an increase in the number of lymphocytes and proteins in CSF. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed that partial cerebellar surface enhancement. The cryptococcus capsular antigen test of CSF was positive. The results of the India Ink microscopy for cryptococcus, nucleic acid of CMV and EBV and mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) tests of CSF were negative. The results of the bacteria and fungi smear and culture of CSF were also negative. Eventually, streptococcus suis was detected using next-generation sequencing (NGS) in CSF. The diagnosis of Streptococcus suis meningitis was made based on the patient's contact history with carrier pigs and the clinical findings addressed above. The treatment of 2 weeks of intravenous ceftriaxone and 1 week of oral moxifloxacin resulted in improvement of the condition of CSF. The anti-fungal treatment using fluconazole continued until the CFS OP went down to a normal level and the cryptococcus capsular antigen test of CSF was negative 6 months later.Conclusion: This case highlights that NGS might be beneficial to HIV-infected patients who have meningitis with negative CSF culture results. Multiple etiologies for such condition in the immunocompromised patients must be taken into consideration and early stage NGS is recommended.

scholarly journals Panel of serum miRNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imteyaz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Safoora Rashid ◽  
Nidhi Singh ◽  
Sumaira Rashid ◽  
Vishwajeet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractEarly-stage diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is difficult due to non-specific symptoms. Circulating miRNAs in body fluids have been emerging as potential non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis of many cancers. Thus, this study aimed to assess a panel of miRNAs for their ability to differentiate PDAC from chronic pancreatitis (CP), a benign inflammatory condition of the pancreas. Next-generation sequencing was performed to identify miRNAs present in 60 FFPE tissue samples (27 PDAC, 23 CP and 10 normal pancreatic tissues). Four up-regulated miRNAs (miR-215-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-192-5p, and miR-181a-2-3p) and four down-regulated miRNAs (miR-30b-5p, miR-216b-5p, miR-320b, and miR-214-5p) in PDAC compared to CP were selected based on next-generation sequencing results. The levels of these 8 differentially expressed miRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR in 125 serum samples (50 PDAC, 50 CP, and 25 healthy controls (HC)). The results showed significant upregulation of miR-215-5p, miR-122-5p, and miR-192-5p in PDAC serum samples. In contrast, levels of miR-30b-5p and miR-320b were significantly lower in PDAC as compared to CP and HC. ROC analysis showed that these 5 miRNAs can distinguish PDAC from both CP and HC. Hence, this panel can serve as a non-invasive biomarker for the early detection of PDAC.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Genetic Characterization of Early-Stage Multiple Primary Lung Cancer by Large-Panel Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guotian Pei ◽  
Mingwei Li ◽  
Xianjun Min ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Dasheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Multiple Primary ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
Generation Sequencing

ObjectiveThe incidence of early stage multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) has been increasing in recent years, while the ideal strategy for its diagnosis and treatment remains controversial. The present study conducted genomic analysis to identify a new molecular classification method for accurately predicting the diagnosis and therapy for patients with early stage MPLC.MethodsA total of 240 tissue samples from 203 patients with multiple-non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) (n = 30), early stage single-NSCLC (Group A, n = 94), and advanced-stage NSCLC (Group B, n = 79) were subjected to targeted multigene panel sequencing.ResultsThirty patients for whom next-generation sequencing was performed on >1 tumor were identified, yielding 45 tumor pairs. The frequencies of EGFR, TP53, RBM10, ERBB2, and CDKN2A mutations exhibited significant differences between early and advanced-stage NSCLCs. The prevalence of the EGFR L858R mutation in early stage NSCLC was remarkably higher than that in advanced-stage NSCLC (P = 0.047). The molecular method classified tumor pairs into 26 definite MPLC tumors and four intrapulmonary metastasis (IM) tumors. A high rate of discordance in driver genetic alterations was found in the different tumor lesions of MPLC patients. The prospective Martini histologic prediction of MPLC was discordant with the molecular method for three patients (16.7%), particularly in the prediction of IM (91.7% discordant).ConclusionsComprehensive molecular evaluation allows the unambiguous delineation of clonal relationships among tumors. In comparison, the Martini and Melamed criteria have notable limitations in the recognition of IM. Our results support the adoption of a large panel to supplement histology for strongly discriminating NSCLC clonal relationships in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Microbiome Analysis of Biofilms of Silver Nanoparticle-Dispersed Silane-Based Coated Carbon Steel Using a Next-Generation Sequencing Technique

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Ogawa ◽  
Keito Takakura ◽  
Katsuhiko Sano ◽  
Hideyuki Kanematsu ◽  
Takehiko Yamano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Microbiome Analysis ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Closed Laboratory

Previously, we demonstrated that silver nanoparticle-dispersed silane-based coating could inhibit biofilm formation in conditions where seawater was used as a bacterial source and circulated in a closed laboratory biofilm reactor. However, it is still unclear whether the microbiome of a biofilm of silver nanoparticle-dispersed silane-based coating samples (Ag) differs from that of a biofilm of non-dispersed silane-based coating samples (Non-Ag). This study aimed to perform a microbiome analysis of the biofilms grown on the aforementioned coatings using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique. For this, a biofilm formation test was conducted by allowing seawater to flow through a closed laboratory biofilm reactor; subsequently, DNAs extracted from the biofilms of Ag and Non-Ag were used to prepare 16S rRNA amplicon libraries to analyze the microbiomes by NGS. Results of the operational taxonomy unit indicated that the biofilms of Non-Ag and Ag comprised one and no phyla of archaea, respectively, whereas Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum for both biofilms. Additionally, in both biofilms, Non-Ag and Ag, Marinomonas was the primary bacterial group involved in early stage biofilm formation, whereas Anaerospora was primarily involved in late-stage biofilm formation. These results indicate that silver nanoparticles will be unrelated to the bacterial composition of biofilms on the surface of silane-based coatings, while they control biofilm formation there.

miRNA profiling in resectable NSCLC by multiplex next-generation sequencing.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7060-7060
Author(s):  
Sandra Gallach ◽  
Eloisa Jantus-Lewintre ◽  
David Montaner ◽  
Marta Usó ◽  
Elena Sanmartin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Early Stage Nsclc ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Independent Cohort

7060 Background: Early-stage NSCLC has a relapse rate around 40% within 5 years. With the advent of microRNA (miRNA), which seems to regulate many genes critical for tumorigenesis, there is a growing interest in the characterization of miRNAome in NSCLC specimens and to correlate them with prognosis. Next generation sequencing is a useful tool to study the miRNA content of solid tumors. Here, we applied high-throughput SOLiD transcriptome sequencing to study miRNAs expression in a cohort of early-stage NSCLC patients (tumor vs normal lung). Methods: RNA was isolated from frozen lung specimens (tumor and normal lung) from resectable NSCLC patients (n=35). Samples with a RIN ≥ 7 were analyzed and enriched in the miRNA fraction. miRNAs were sequencing using a bar-code multiplex SOLiD protocol. Data normalization was carried out by rescaling all data according to their counts. Readings were mapped against mature and no-mature miRNAs using miRBase. Statistical analysis was performed with CLCbio software and considered significant when p-adj<0.005. Results: Using the SOLiD high throughput sequencing, we performed a systemic miRNA expression profiling analysis of paired samples (tumor vs normal lung). A total of 1268 miRNAs (mature and no-mature) have been detected in at least one sample. The differential expression between normal and tumor samples shown that 6 miRNAs (miR-193b, miR-182, miR-96, miR-148a, miR-299, miR-590) were upregulated and 7 (miR-145, miR-133a, miR-218, miR-125a, miR-30a, miR-126 and miR-139) were down-regulated significantly in tumor samples compared with normal lung tissues. We are performing studies using qRT-PCR in an independent cohort to further validate these findings. Conclusions: The deep sequencing technology used for differential miRNA expression is useful and novel. The use of barcoding allows multiplexing and lowers cost per sample. Several miRNAs were differentially expressed between tumor and normal tissue, but this point needs to be further validated in an independent cohort. Supported by grants TRA09-0132 (MICINN) and RD06/0020/1024 (ISCIII).

scholarly journals Identification of Putative Biomarkers for the Early Stage of Porcine Spermatogonial Stem Cells Using Next-Generation Sequencing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0147298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Young Lee ◽  
Jeong Tae Do ◽  
Chankyu Park ◽  
Jin Hoi Kim ◽  
Hak-Jae Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Generation Sequencing

scholarly journals A Case of Streptococcus Suis Meningitis With Visual Impairment and Hearing Loss Diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haina Zhao ◽  
Lanlan Chen ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Tingting Qiao ◽  
Peipei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background: Streptococcus suis is responsible for several kinds of zoonosis worldwide. It can cause meningitis, sepsis, osteoarthritis, endocarditis, endophthalmitis, and other diseases. Human infection typically occurs in occupational settings associated with pig husbandry or pork processing. At present, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is prominent testing method for achieving an early and rapid diagnosis of some infectious diseases. Case presentation: A 48-year-old Chinese man who denied exposure to pigs or pork was to admitted the hospital because he had experienced a fever for three days, visual impairment, and hearing loss for one day. After a series of examinations and laboratory tests, Streptococcus suis was detected in the aqueous humor culture as well as the vitreous humor and cerebrospinal fluid with mNGS. But bacteria were not detected in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture. The patient's condition improved, and he was discharged after 2 weeks of active treatment. However, at present, poor vision in the right eye, poor hearing in the right ear and recurrent vertigo remain.Conclusions: In a patient presenting with meningitis, vision loss, and/or hearing loss, Streptococcus suis infection should be strongly suspected regardless of the patient's occupation. mNGS has excellent diagnostic value to determine which was the etiological agent for infectious diseases.

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