scholarly journals 17-Alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone vs. Placebo for Preventing of Recurrent Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaali R. Almutairi ◽  
Hadir I. Aljohani ◽  
Nouf S. Al-fadel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Clinical Trial Registries

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality.Objective: To estimate the effect of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) compared to placebo in singleton gestations for reducing the risk of recurrent PTB and neonatal morbidity and mortality.Work Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Search Strategy: Searching MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registries.Selection Criteria: Randomized controlled trials of singleton gestations with a history of PTB and treated with a weekly intramuscular injection of 17-OHPC or placebo.Data Collection and Analysis: A random meta-analysis model was performed for the PTB outcomes (<32, <35, and <37 weeks) and neonatal outcomes (neonatal death, grade 3 or 4 intraventricular hemorrhage, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis). Effect estimates were measured by relative risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).Main Results: Six works were included. There were no statistically significant reductions in the PTB risk following the use of 17-OHPC at <32 weeks (RR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.13–2.77, and I2 = 39%), <35weeks (RR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.10–3.67, and I2 = 51%), and <37 weeks (RR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46–1, and I2 = 75%). Furthermore, all the neonatal outcomes were statistically similar between the two groups.Conclusion: Treatment with 17-OHPC is not associated with reducing the risk of PTB or neonatal outcomes compared to placebo.

scholarly journals Effect of in utero exposure to HIV and antiretroviral drugs on growth in HIV-exposed uninfected children: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e023937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel L Ekali ◽  
Julie Jesson ◽  
Pascal B Enok ◽  
Valériane Leroy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Growth Impairment ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Exposed Uninfected

IntroductionHIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children have higher morbidity and mortality compared with HIV unexposed uninfected children. Despite the fact that malnutrition contributes to about half of all infant deaths below 5 years of age in low-income and middle-income countries and that growth impairment has been reported in the HEU population, the spectrum of growth disorders associated with HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) exposure during the in utero and perinatal periods is yet to comprehensively summarised among the global HEU population. This protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis aims to critically synthesise data concerning the prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting at different ages in the global HEU population.Methods and analysisMedline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, TOXLINE, WHO Global Index Medicus and the Web of Science will be searched for relevant articles published between 1 January 1989 and 1 December 2017 without language restriction. In addition, conference abstracts and reference lists of eligible papers and relevant review articles will be screened. Authors will screen and select studies, extract data, assess the risk of bias as well as studies individually for heterogeneity. Study-specific estimates will be pooled through a random-effects meta-analysis model for studies that are clinically homogeneous while funnel plots and Egger’s test will be used to detect publication bias. Results will be presented by ART availability period, country income levels and mode of breastfeeding.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required for this study because it will be based on published data. The final report of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences. This review will summarise the evidence and quantify the problem of growth impairment in HEU infants and so shed more light on our understanding of the higher morbidity and mortality in this growing population.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018091762.

scholarly journals Effect of Listening to Music on Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro ◽  
Diego Marqués-Jiménez ◽  
Julio Calleja-González ◽  
Aitor Viribay ◽  
Patxi León-Guereño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Background: There are many athletes who like to listen to music while making a high intensity effort. However, research into the effects of listening to music on athletic performance has provided controversial results, and it is suggested that the timing and type of music might affect the anaerobic performance response. Purpose: The main aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effects while listening to music tasks via the 30 s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) on absolute performance and relative peak power (APP and RPP), absolute and relative mean power (AMP and RMP), and fatigue index (FI). Methods: PRISMA guidelines were used as a basis for conducting this systematic review, with inclusion criteria being set out according to the PICOS model. Computer-based literature research was undertaken until 10 March 2020 using the following online databases: PubMed/Medline, WOS, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. The literature was reviewed with regard to the effects of listening to music on the WAnT using several music variables on: APP, RPP, AMP, RMP and FI. Hedges’ g formula was used to calculate both standard mean differences and 95% confidence intervals, in order to establish continuous outcomes. Furthermore, the I2 statistic evaluated systematic differences (heterogeneity) together with a random effect meta-analysis model. Results: This systematic review included nine articles that researched into the effects of music on WAnT performance (six studies describe improvements in APP and/or RPP, four in AMP and/or RMP and three in FI). The random effects model was used to undertake a final meta-analysis, with standardized mean differences (SMD) and magnitude of standardized mean differences (MSMD) (Hedges’ g) being pooled accordingly. The resulting meta-analysis incorporated eight studies that had been previously published, with results showing that there were no apparent beneficial effects on APP (p = 0.09), AMP (p = 0.33) and FI (p = 0.46) as a consequence of listening to music. However, listening to music showed beneficial effects on RPP (SMD: 0.65; 95%: CI 0.35 to 0.96; MSMD: moderate; I2, 0%; p < 0.001) and RMP (SMD: 1.03; 95%: CI, 0.63 to 1.42; MSMD: trivial; I2, 0%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis has shown that listening to music during the WAnT might physiologically enhance relative anaerobic exercise performance, although reasons remain speculative.

scholarly journals Incidence and trend of preterm birth in China, 1990–2016: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e039303
Author(s):  
Shiwen Jing ◽  
Chang Chen ◽  
Yuexin Gan ◽  
Joshua Vogel ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Preterm Birth Rate

ObjectivesTo update the WHO estimate of preterm birth rate in China in 1990–2016 and to further explore variations by geographic regions and years of occurrence.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Sinomed databases were searched from 1990 to 2018.Eligibility criteriaStudies were included if they provided preterm birth data with at least 500 total births. Reviews, case–control studies, intervention studies and studies with insufficient information or published before 1990 were excluded. We estimated pooled incidence of preterm birth by a random effects model, and preterm birth rate in different year, region and by livebirths or all births in subgroup analyses.ResultsOur search identified 3945 records. After the removal of duplicates and screening of titles and abstracts, we reviewed 254 studies in full text and excluded 182, leaving 72 new studies. They were combined with the 82 studies included in the WHO report (154 studies, 187 data sets in total for the meta-analysis), including 24 039 084 births from 1990 to 2016. The pooled incidence of preterm birth in China was 6.09% (95% CI 5.86% to 6.31%) but has been steadily increasing from 5.36% (95% CI 4.89% to 5.84%) in 1990–1994 to 7.04% (95% CI 6.09% to 7.99%) in 2015–2016. The annual rate of increase was about 1.05% (95% CI 0.85% to 1.21%). Northwest China appeared to have the highest preterm birth rate (7.3%, 95% CI 4.92% to 9.68% from 1990 to 2016).ConclusionsThe incidence of preterm birth in China has been rising gradually in the past three decades. It was 7% in 2016. Preterm birth rate varied by region with the West having the highest occurrence.

scholarly journals Does Vitamin D Deficiency in Different Periods of Gestation Have the Same Effect on Preterm Birth? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
bin Yi ◽  
Rui-han Lian ◽  
Ping-an Qi ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Pei-jing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Background: Current studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy can produce a certain effect for preterm birth, but there is no research showing whether vitamin D deficiency has a consistent effect in different pregnancies; thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 observational studies, grouping them according to the gestational age at the time of serum sampling, to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency in different periods of gestation has different effects on preterm birth and to provide an evidence-based basis for pregnant women to measure and supplement vitamin D. Methods: The databases PubMed-Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, CBM, and CNKI were searched until July 2019. Two researchers independently assessed the eligibility and quality of studies, and STATA 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Result: Seven cohort studies, 13 case-control studies, and four cross-sectional studies were included from 2500 articles by inclusion and exclusion criteria. After adjusting for age, race, and other confounding factors, meta-analysis results showed that vitamin D deficiency in the first trimester, the second trimester and the third trimester did not increase the risk of preterm birth (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.88, 1.16), P = 0.867; OR = 1.12, 95%CI (0.92, 1.37), P = 0.249; OR = 1.05, 95%CI (0.87, 1.27), P = 0.602). However, there was moderate heterogeneity in the study of vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester, and subgroup analysis suggested that vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester may increase the risk of preterm birth (OR = 1.33, 95%CI (1.15, 1.54), P = 0.000). A sensitivity analysis of the second trimester showed that excluding any one study did not significantly change the results. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency in early and late pregnancy may not be associated with preterm birth, while vitamin D deficiency in middle pregnancy is likely to have an important effect on preterm birth. Vitamin D levels should be measured in the second trimester of pregnancy, and vitamin D supplements should be provided if necessary.

scholarly journals Incidence of uterine rupture and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asteray Assmie Ayenew ◽  
Azezu Asres Nigussie ◽  
Biruk Ferede Zewdu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Uterine Rupture ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Prolonged Labour ◽  
Obstructed Labour ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Background: Globally, maternal morbidity and mortality a major public health challenge. Uterine rupture is a life-threatening obstetrical emergency with life-threatening complications for both the mother and her infant. In developing countries, it is the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the incidence of uterine rupture and its associated factors among mothers managed for obstetric cases in Ethiopia.Method: for this review, we used the standard PRISMA checklist guideline. Different online databases were used for the review: PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, HINARI, WHO Afro Library Databases, and African Online Journals. Based on the adapted PICO principles, different search terms were applied to achieve and access all the essential articles. This search included all published and unpublished observational studies written only in English language and conducted in Ethiopia. Microsoft Excel 16 was used for data entrance, and Stata version 11.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA) used for data analysis.Result: A total of 21 studies with 33,303 mothers managed for obstetric cases were included. The pooled incidence of uterine rupture among mothers managed for obstetric cases in Ethiopia was 3.25% (95%CI: 2.6–3.89, I2=97.4%, P<0.001). Rural residency (adjusted odds ratio (AOR):5.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 95%CI: 3.17–9.34, I2 =59.5%, P=0.03), grand multiparty (AOR = 2.38; 95%CI: 1.32–4.29, I2=0.0%, p=0.002), not having antenatal care (AOR =4.05(; 95% CI: 1.90–8.64 I2=89.4%, P<0.001), having previous cesarean section scar (AOR =7.10; 95% CI: 5.40–9.34, I2=26.3%, P=0.254), having Prolonged labour (AOR=6.71; 95%CI: 4.04–11.15, I2=84.6%, P<0.001), having obstructed labour (AOR=7.22; 95%CI: 2.86–18.28, I2=97.4%, P<0.001), no partograph utilization for labour monitoring (AOR=3.43; 95%CI: 1.62–7.29, I2=66.6%, P=0.05) were the determinant factors for the incidence of uterine rupture in Ethiopia.Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the incidence of uterine rupture was high in Ethiopia. Being from the rural area, prolonged labour, having cesarean section scar, not using partograph for labour monitoring, not having ante natal care, and obstructed labour increased the risk of uterine rupture.

scholarly journals Impact of short-term exposure to extreme temperatures on diabetes mellitus morbidity and mortality? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuping Song ◽  
Liangzhen Jiang ◽  
Dongdong Zhang ◽  
Xinyi Wang ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Abstract The relationship between diabetes mellitus and short-term exposure to extreme temperatures remains controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the association between extreme temperatures and diabetes mellitus morbidity and mortality. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched since inception to January 1, 2019, and updated on November 17, 2020. The results were combined using random effects model and reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). 32 studies met the included criteria. (1) Both heat and cold exposures have impact on diabetes. (2) For heat exposure, the subgroup analysis revealed that the effect on diabetes mortality (RR = 1.139, 95% CI: 1.089–1.192) was higher than morbidity (RR = 1.012, 95% CI: 1.004–1.019). (3) With the increase of definition threshold, the impact of heat exposure on diabetes rised. (4) A stronger association between heat exposure and diabetes was observed in the elderly (≥ 60 years old) (RR = 1.040, 95% CI: 1.017–1.064). In conclusion, both short-term exposure to heat and cold temperatures have impact on diabetes. The elderly is the vulnerable population of diabetes exposure to heat temperature. Developing definitions of heatwaves at the regional level are suggested.

Effect of Cashew Nut on Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Morvaridzadeh ◽  
Mahdi Sepidarkish ◽  
Farnaz Farsi ◽  
Abolfazl Akbari ◽  
Roghayeh Mostafai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cashew Nut

Introduction: Nuts are one of the dietary components which appear to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease biomarkers. Studies demonstrate beneficial effects of cash­ews on serum lipids concentration, but results in the literature remain inconclusive. We conducted a review to examine the effects of cashew nut supplementation on serum lipid profile. Methods: Two reviewers independently searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and EMBASE electronic databases from inception until June 2019 without language limitation. Random- and fixed-effects models were used to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CI) for studies. Results: Six randomized clinical trials comprising 531 participants were included in this systematic review. Three studies were included in the meta-analysis model. There were no significant changes for total cholesterol (TC) (standardized mean difference [SMD]: –0.02, 95% CI: –0.32, 0.28), triglycerides (TG) (SMD: –0.01, 95% CI: –0.22, 0.20), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (SMD: 0.09, 95% CI: –0.16, 0.34), or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (SMD: –0.18, 95% CI: –0.75, 0.39). Conclusion: The results of this analysis demonstrate that treatment with cashew nut supplementation alone did not significantly change serum levels of LDL, HDL, TC, or TG.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment in preventing cardiovascular outcomes and reducing blood pressure: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e036128
Author(s):  
Karina Gasbarrino ◽  
Christopher Labos ◽  
Victoria Mastropietro ◽  
Lindsay Hales ◽  
Nadia Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

IntroductionHypertension is a leading cause of mortality worldwide and its prevalence is expected to rise over the next decade. Sex differences exist in the epidemiology and pathophysiology of hypertension. It is well established that antihypertensive treatment can significantly reduce the risk for stroke and other cardiovascular disease events. However, it remains unclear whether this effect is dependent on sex. In this protocol, we outlined a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of antihypertensive therapy in (1) reducing blood pressure and (2) preventing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality outcomes for each sex separately.Methods and analysisThe following electronic databases will be searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, Web of Science, grey literature (Google Scholar) and several trial registries. Search strategies will be designed to identify human adult (≥18) randomised (and non-randomised) controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case–control studies concerning ‘sex-specific differences associated with the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment’. A preliminary search strategy was developed for Medline (1946—16 September 2019). Two investigators will independently review each article included in the final analysis. Primary outcomes investigated are cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Pooled analyses will be conducted using the random-effects model. Publication bias will be assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and by Begg’s and Egger’s statistical tests. Between-studies heterogeneity will be measured using the I2test (p<0.10). Sources of heterogeneity will be explored by sensitivity, subgroup and metaregression analyses.Ethics and disseminationThis is the first meta-analysis that will comprehensively compare the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment regimens between men and women. Findings will be shared through scientific conferences and societies, social media and consumer advocacy groups. Results will be used to inform the current guidelines for management of hypertension in men and women by demonstrating the importance of implementing sex-specific recommendations. Ethical considerations are not applicable for this protocol.

The influence of disease activity on pregnancy outcomes in women with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-A Kim ◽  
Young-Han Kim ◽  
Jaeyoung Chun ◽  
Hye Sun Lee ◽  
Soo Jung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background & Aims Robust evidence regarding the impact of disease activity on pregnancy outcomes in women with IBD is crucial for both clinicians and patients in preparing a birth plan. We sought to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the pooled influences of disease activity on pregnancy outcomes in women with IBD. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and COCHRANE library to identify articles comparing pregnancy outcomes between active and inactive IBD at the time of conception or during pregnancy. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to pool estimates and report odds ratios (ORs). Results A total of 28 studies were identified as eligible for the meta-analysis. In women with active IBD, the pooled ORs for low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), spontaneous abortion, and stillbirths were 3.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.81-8.02), 2.42 (95% CI 1.74-3.35), 1.48 (95% CI 1.19-1.85), 1.87 (95% CI 1.17-3.0), and 2.27 (95% CI 1.03-5.04) compared to women with inactive IBD, respectively. In the subgroup analysis based on disease type, women with active ulcerative colitis had an increased risk of LBW, preterm birth, and spontaneous abortion. Women with active Crohn’s disease had a higher risk of preterm birth, SGA, and spontaneous abortion. Conclusions Active IBD during the periconception period and pregnancy is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our data suggest that pregnancy should be planned when the disease is quiescent, and continuous disease control is important even during pregnancy.

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