scholarly journals Does Bisphosphonate Increase the Sclerosis of Tibial Subchondral Bone in the Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Propensity Score Matching Cohort Study Based on Osteoarthritis Initiative

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Li ◽  
Yong Nie ◽  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Yuangang Wu ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Osteoarthritis Initiative

Bisphosphonate has great potential in KOA therapy, but whether the anti-resorption mechanism of bisphosphonate aggravates sclerosis of subchondral bone remains unclear. We found that bisphosphonate use did not increase sclerosis of subchondral bone in established KOA, perhaps resolving some concerns about bisphosphonate in patients with KOA.Introduction: Most studies have focused on the protective effect of bisphosphonate on early knee osteoarthritis (KOA) through its anti-resorption mechanism in osteoclasts. However, late KOA has a decreased rate of resorption, which is the opposite of early KOA. The risk of subchondral bone sclerosis in late KOA after using bisphosphonate has not been investigated using morphometry.Methods: Forty-five patients who had ever used bisphosphonate (or 33 patients with current use) were matched with controls through propensity matching methods, including age, body mass index (BMI), sex, health status (12-Item Short Form Survey physical health score), physical activity level (Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score), vitamin D use, and calcium use. At the baseline and 12-month (or 18-month) follow-up, bone mineral density (BMD) of the tibia and hip was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and medial tibial subchondral bone morphometry: bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) were calculated based on 3-T trabecular MRI. Data were obtained from the Bone Ancillary Study in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) project.Results: The yearly percentage change in hip BMD of the current bisphosphonate-use group was significantly greater than that of the non-bisphosphonate-use group (0.7% vs. −1%, P = 0.02). The other outcomes (BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Sp, Tb.Th, tibia medial BMD, and tibia lateral BMD) between the two groups presented no significant difference. The non-bisphosphonate-use group experienced a significant increase in Tb.Th [2%, 95% CI = (1%, 4%), P = 0.01], while the bisphosphonate-use group presented no significant change [1%, 95% CI = (−2%, 4%), P = 0.54].Conclusions: Bisphosphonate use did not increase sclerosis of subchondral bone in established KOA. Bisphosphonate might have a stage-dependent effect on subchondral bone in KOA initiation and progression.

scholarly journals Level of physical activity in undergraduate students in Peshawar, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. ID20
Author(s):  
Shahid Alam ◽  
Sardar Bakht Khan ◽  
Qamar Wahid Khattak ◽  
Syed Zain Ul Abidin ◽  
Salman Farooqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University

Background: Physical activity is one of the leading health indicators, considered an essential factor in the population's health and quality of life promotion. Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. Physical inactivity has been linked with chronic disease and obesity in most populations. This study aims to compare the prevalence of physical activity and overweight/obesity among students of the university. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to September 2019 on undergraduate students from different departments of Peshawar University. A sample of 377 (male n = 243, female n = 134) was taken through convenience sampling. Those individuals who were physically disabled and not willing to participate were excluded from the study. Those meeting the inclusion criteria were given the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ short form). Demographic data included age, weight, and height was self-stated by the participants. The levels of physical activity in each of three domains (leisure, transport, and domestic) were calculated and presented as metabolic equivalent (M.E.T.) hour per week in the form of means, percentage, and frequency in different physical activity domains. Results: The overall sample showed that 13.70% of participants were inactive, 27.76% showed a low level of physical activity, 41.29% showed moderate physical activity level, and 17.24% showed a high level of physical activity. A total of 90.98% of participants were involved in leisure physical activities, 93.10% presented transport-related physical activity, and 74.80% were involved in domestic-related physical activity. Average time spent during sitting was found to be 53.32 hrs/week and 7.61 hrs/ day, with females being more involved in sitting activities as compared to males. A significant difference was found between B.M.I. and sitting domain (p-value 0.002) with a Pearson value of -0.12 showing a negative correlation. Conclusion: The B.M.I. and Physical Activity are found negatively associated with each other. Male students were more physically active than females as females spend their majority of time sitting. It is concluded that students are moderately active, while a minimal percent of students are highly active. There were a few numbers of respondents too who were physically inactive, which shows that there is still unawareness of physical activity on the university level.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Levels and Mood State during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Kermanshah Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Azizi ◽  
Alireza Aghababa ◽  
Rastegar Hoseini ◽  
Hadi Rohani ◽  
Maghsoud Nabilpoor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Background One of the most important consequences of COVID-19 pandemic is anxiety and stress in the general population that can be reduced by regular physical activity. The aim of this study was to estimate the physical activity levels and mood state during covid-19 quarantine among the Kermanshah population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, using the purposeful random sampling method, a total of 2471 subjects ((male (n = 1256) and female (n = 1215)) were selected. To assess the physical activity level from physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF) and mood state was measured by the abbreviated form of the Iranian version of the standard POMS questionnaire (Bill Morgan 1979). The descriptive statistic method (mean, standard deviation, and percent), deductive (Chi- square and Spearman's correlation) were used for analyzing the data. Results The results showed that a significant difference was observed between the number of sessions (P = 0.001), intensity (P = 0.001), and duration of exercise (P = 0.001) before and during coronavirus. There are significant positive relationships between low (r = 0.93; P = 0.001) and high (r = 0.673; P = 0.034) levels of physical activity and negative mood state, and a positive relationship between moderate physical activity level (r = 0.82; P = 0.001) and positive mood state. Conclusions It could be determined that the current quarantine has negatively affected the mood state. In general, to prevent COVID-19, regular physical activity is recommended under the health and safety protocols.

scholarly journals Inactivity and stress brought about by the covid-19 pandemic: What is the situation with university students?

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-222
Author(s):  
Melek Güler ◽  
Melek Kozak ◽  
Zehra Certel ◽  
Nazlı Yanar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

The purpose of this study is to examine the physical activity levels of the before and during the pandemic, and the styles of coping with stress according to their physical activity levels, and the styles of coping with stress during the pandemic process according to gender of students Faculty of Sports Sciences. The research group of the study consists of 401 volunteer students (175 female; 206 male). The data were collected used the “International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF)”, and the “Ways of Coping Questionnaire” and personal information form. In the analysis of data; t test was used in pairwise comparisons and ANOVA test was used in multiple comparisons. According to the analysis results; During the Covid-19 pandemic, the physical activity rate decreased in both female and male students compared to the pre-pandemic period, and the physical activity level showed a significant difference in favor of male students according to the total MET score during the pandemic period. All students used the "confident approach" style the highest and the "submissive approach" the least in their coping styles; It was determined that girls used the submissive approach more than boys. A significant difference was found in the sub-dimensions of self-confident, helpless and optimistic approach according to physical activity levels. As a result, it can be said that the way of coping with stress of students with a high level of physical activity also affects positively. In this context, physical activity and exercise can be recommended to students in coping with stress.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL BETWEEN COLOMBIAN AND BRAZILIAN PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Luz Albany Arcila Castaño ◽  
Marco Carlos Uchida ◽  
João Francisco Barbieri ◽  
Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho Sampaio ◽  
Priscila Yukari Sewo Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Evidence suggests that populations of developing countries present high levels of sedentarism. In contrast, it is also shown that educational level and access to information regarding the health benefits of exercise can raise a population’s level of physical activity (LPA). Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the morphological profile (MP), level of physical activity (LPA) and cardiovascular risk among Brazilian (BPES) and Colombian physical education students (CPES) in an effort to determine if these specific subjects presented different results among themselves and in relation to normative data for each country. Method: The subjects, 59 BPES and 65 CPES, were evaluated through IPAQ in its short form, and had their MP determined through a bioelectric scale and waist measurement to determine the cardiovascular risk. Results: As result we verified that between BPES and CPES only waist circumference (WC) had significant difference (p = 0.016), being higher for CPES males. Comparing the results of the subjects with normative data, with the exception of CPES males, we observed higher LPA, better MP, and lower WC values. Female CPES were more active than their male peers, the opposite being true for the Brazilian subjects. Conclusion: We conclude that the repetitive exposition to information regarding the benefits of physical activity and the access to installations that allows for its practice not only raises LPA of physical education students, but also improves, in general, their MP and cardiovascular risk.

Is There a Relationship Between Kinesiophobia and Physical Activity Level in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis?

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3458-3469
Author(s):  
Melek Aykut Selçuk ◽  
Ahmet Karakoyun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Fear Of Movement ◽  
High Level

Abstract Objective To investigate the levels of kinesiophobia, physical activity, depression, disability, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting A tertiary health care center. Subjects Ninety-six patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods Pain intensity was evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale, kinesiophobia by the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and Brief Fear of Movement Scale, depression by the Beck Depression Inventory, disability by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index, physical activity level by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form, and quality of life by the Short Form 12 Health Survey Questionnaire. Results Of the patients, 85.7% had high-level kinesiophobia, 70.6% had depression, and 64.4% had low, 27.8% moderate, and 7.8% high physical activity levels. Age, activity-related pain score of the Visual Analog Scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and Brief Fear of Movement Scale scores, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Beck Depression Inventory scores were higher in the group with high-level kinesiophobia, whereas the mental, physical, and total scores obtained from the Short Form 12 Health Survey Questionnaire were higher in the group with low-level kinesiophobia (P < 0.05). Conclusions As the treatment of pain alone in patients with knee osteoarthritis is not sufficient to reduce fear of movement, we suggest that approaches to increase awareness of fear of movement and physical activity and cognitive behavioral therapy related to fear of movement should be included in the treatment program.

MicroRNA-29b Promotes Subchondral Bone Loss in TMJ Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (13) ◽  
pp. 1469-1477
Author(s):  
J.L. Sun ◽  
J.F. Yan ◽  
S.B. Yu ◽  
J. Zhao ◽  
Q.Q. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Specific Inhibition ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

Abnormal subchondral bone remodeling plays important roles during osteoarthritis (OA) pathology. Recent studies show that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in osteoarthritic subchondral bones exhibit a prominent pro-osteoclastic effect that contributes to abnormal subchondral bone remodeling; however, the pathologic mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we used a mouse model with OA-like change in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) induced by an experimentally unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) and found that the level of microRNA-29b ( miR-29b), but not miR-29a or miR-29c, was markedly lower in BMSCs from subchondral bones of UAC mice as compared with that from the sham control mice. With an intra-articular aptamer delivery system, BMSC-specific overexpression of miR-29b by aptamer-agomiR-29b rescued subchondral bone loss and osteoclast hyperfunction in UAC mice, as demonstrated by a significant increase in bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, and the gene expression of osteocalcin and Runx2 but decreased trabecular separation, osteoclast number and osteoclast surface/bone surface, and the gene expression of cathepsin K, Trap, Wnt5a, Rankl, and Rank as compared with those in the UAC mice treated by aptamer-NC (all P < 0.05). In addition, BMSC-specific inhibition of miR-29b by aptamer-antagomiR-29b exacerbated those responses in UAC mice. Notably, although it primarily affected miR-29b levels in the subchondral bone (but not in cartilage and synovium), BMSC-specific overexpression of miR-29b in UAC mice largely rescued OA-like cartilage degradation, including decreased chondrocyte density, cartilage thickness, and the percentage areas of proteoglycans and type II collagen, while BMSC-specific inhibition of miR-29b aggravated these characteristics of cartilage degradation in UAC mice. Moreover, we identified Wnt5a, but not Rankl or Sdf-1, as the direct target of miR-29b. The results of the present study indicate that miR-29b is a key regulator of the pro-osteoclastic effects of BMSCs in TMJ-OA subchondral bones and plays important roles in the TMJ-OA progression.

Predisease Physical Activity Level and Current Functional Capacity in Patients With COVID-19: Relationship With Pneumonia and Oxygen Requirement

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Cuma Uz ◽  
Ebru Umay ◽  
Ibrahim Gundogdu ◽  
Hamid Amini ◽  
Fatma B. Uz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restrictive Measures

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, restrictive measures can reduce physical activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate predisease physical activity and current functional capacity in patients with and without the presence of pneumonia and oxygen requirement in Turkish survivors of COVID-19. Methods: Among the COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital, 100 patients were selected. Data about predisease physical activity (by short-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire), oxygen requirement and presence of pneumonia, and current functional capacity (by the 6-min walking test) were collected. Continuous and categorical variables were compared with the Mann–Whitney U and χ2 test, respectively (P < .05). Results: The predisease physical activity levels and current functional capacity of patients with pneumonia and oxygen requirement were significantly lower than patients without pneumonia and oxygen requirement (P < .05). However, there was no significant difference between males and females (P > 0.05). Pneumonia and oxygen requirement was more common in the older adults (P < .05). Also, a significant correlation was found between age with predisease physical activity (r = .530, P = .000) and current functional capacity (r = −.346, P = .000) and predisease physical activity level with current functional capacity (r = .523, P = .001). Conclusion: The physical activity level may be related to the severity of COVID-19 disease.

scholarly journals Parathyroid hormone (1-34) ameliorates cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone deterioration in collagenase-induced osteoarthritis model in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 675-688
Author(s):  
Li-tao Shao ◽  
Yu Gou ◽  
Jia-kang Fang ◽  
Yun-peng Hu ◽  
Qiang-qiang Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stat3 Signalling

Aims Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) exhibits potential in preventing degeneration in both cartilage and subchondral bone in osteoarthritis (OA) development. We assessed the effects of PTH (1-34) at different concentrations on bone and cartilage metabolism in a collagenase-induced mouse model of OA and examined whether PTH (1-34) affects the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in this process. Methods Collagenase-induced OA was established in C57Bl/6 mice. Therapy with PTH (1-34) (10 μg/kg/day or 40 μg/kg/day) was initiated immediately after surgery and continued for six weeks. Cartilage pathology was evaluated by gross visual, histology, and immunohistochemical assessments. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL staining. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to evaluate the bone mass and the microarchitecture in subchondral bone. Results Enhanced matrix catabolism, increased apoptosis of chondrocytes in cartilage, and overexpressed JAK2/STAT3 and p-JAK2/p-STAT3 were observed in cartilage in this model. All of these changes were prevented by PTH (1-34) treatment, with no significant difference between the low-dose and high-dose groups. Micro-CT analysis indicated that bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume/trabecular volume (BV/TV), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) levels were significantly lower in the OA group than those in the Sham, PTH 10 μg, and PTH 40 μg groups, but these parameters were significantly higher in the PTH 40 μg group than in the PTH 10 μg group. Conclusion Intermittent administration of PTH (1-34) exhibits protective effects on both cartilage and subchondral bone in a dose-dependent manner on the latter in a collagenase-induced OA mouse model, which may be involved in regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(10):675–688.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the influence of nutritional status, measures of frailty and level of physical activity on the quality of life of long-lived individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Daniela Clementino ◽  
Rita Maria Monteiro Goulart
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon

Abstract Introduction: Aging is a worldwide phenomenon that has favored an increase in people aged 80 years and older. Objective: To assess the influence of nutritional status (NS), measures of frailty, and physical activity level (PAL) on the quality of life (QoL) of long-lived people. Method: The study was carried out from Oct 2016 to Sept 2017 with 103 individuals aged 80 years or more. NS was classified according to the PAHO Health, Well-Being and Aging (SABE) survey; waist circumference (WC) and calf perimeter (CP) was based on the WHO classification; handgrip strength (HGS) and gait speed (GS) used the classification proposed by Lauretani; PAL was classified according to the IPAQ short form; the WHOQoL-bref and WHOQoL-old were applied to measure QOL. Variables were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U and t-tests. Results: 69.2% were women, with an average age of 82.75 (± 2.98) years, and only WC showed a significant association (p <0.001). The older women without dynapenia exhibited better QoL in the physical domain (p = 0.004), social relationships (p = 0.022), self-reported QoL (p = 0.017) of the WHOQoL-bref and social participation facet (p = 0.025) of WHOQOL-old. Comparison of QoL with NS and PAL showed a significant difference in self-reported QoL (p = 0.027) for the former and past, present and future activities for the latter (p = 0.050). Conclusion: Obesity and the absence of dynapenia were positively associated with the QoL of long-lived individuals. PAL was associated with positive QoL in one facet of the WHOQoL-old.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document