scholarly journals Case Report: A Case of COVID Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Manifested as Pulmonary Embolism and Hemorrhagia. A First Reported Case From Slovakia

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ihnatko ◽  
Ivana Truchla ◽  
L'udmila Ihnatková ◽  
Zoltán Prohászka ◽  
Ivica Lazúrová
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Cerebral Veins ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Prompt Treatment

COVID-19 vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare complication of adenoviral vector (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine administration. It is presented as thrombocytopenia and thrombotic manifestations in various sites, especially in cerebral veins. Pulmonary emboli have been reported rarely. We present a case of a young male patient who developed severe thrombocytopenia and pulmonary embolism 12 days after the first dose of the vaccine. Severe thrombocytopenia, skin hematomas, and segmental pulmonary emboli were detected. Anti-platelet factor 4 (aPF-4) antibody was highly positive supporting the diagnosis of VITT. Prompt treatment with fondaparinux, intravenous immunoglobulin, and prednisone led to a marked improvement of clinical condition and thrombocytes count. We report the first known case of VITT in Slovakia.

scholarly journals Extensive Superior Vena Caval Territory Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism: A Rare Clinical Entity of Haemorrhagic Pancreatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
P. Thineskaran ◽  
K. Abiramy ◽  
T. Kumanan ◽  
V. Sujanitha ◽  
N. Suganthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Superior Vena Caval ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Ethanol Abuse ◽  
Deep Vein

Acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis is a severe form of pancreatitis often encountered in ethanol abuse. Extensive venous thrombosis resulting in pulmonary embolism is a rare presenting clinical entity of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. Here, we report a young male with an extensive deep vein thrombosis involving superior vena caval territory associated with haemorrhagic pancreatitis presented with pulmonary embolism managed supportively. Prompt recognition and appropriate intervention of this rare complication would improve the outcome in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Pulmonary emboli due to venous aneurysm of extremities

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielli ◽  
Rosati ◽  
Vitale ◽  
Millarelli ◽  
Siani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Prophylactic Surgery ◽  
Venous Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Risk Patients

Venous aneurysms are uncommon but they can have devastating consequences, including pulmonary embolism, other thromboembolic events and death. We report six cases of venous aneurysm of the extremities, in which the first sign of presence was acute pulmonary embolism. Surgical resection is recommended whenever possible. Our experience suggests that prophylactic surgery is cautiously recommended for low-risk patients with venous aneurysms of the abdomen and strongly recommended for extremity deep and superficial venous aneurysms for their potential risk of developing thromboembolic complications despite adequate anticoagulation. Other venous aneurysms should be excised only if they are symptomatic or enlarging.

A Comparative Analysis of D-Dimer Assays in Patients with Clinically Suspected Pulmonary Embolism

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (03) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin J R van Beek ◽  
Bram van den Ende ◽  
René J Berckmans ◽  
Yvonne T van der Heide ◽  
Dees P M Brandjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Suspected Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Lung Scan ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryTo avoid angiography in patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism and non-diagnostic lung scan results, the use of D-dimer has been advocated. We assessed plasma samples of 151 consecutive patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism. Lung scan results were: normal (43), high probability (48) and non-diagnostic (60; angiography performed in 43; 12 pulmonary emboli). Reproducibility, cut-off values, specificity, and percentage of patients in whom angiography could be avoided (with sensitivity 100%) were determined for two latex and four ELISA assays.The latex methods (cut-off 500 μg/1) agreed with corresponding ELISA tests in 83% (15% normal latex, abnormal ELISA) and 81% (7% normal latex, abnormal ELISA). ELISA methods showed considerable within- (2–17%) and between-assay Variation (12–26%). Cut-off values were 25 μg/l (Behring), 50 μg/l (Agen), 300 μg/l (Stago) and 550 μg/l (Organon). Specificity was 14–38%; in 4–15% of patients angiography could be avoided.We conclude that latex D-dimer assays appear not useful, whereas ELISA methods may be of limited value in the exclusion of pulmonary embolism.

Familial thrombophilia associated with fibrinogen Paris V: Dusart syndrome

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 1191-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tarumi ◽  
Danko Martincic ◽  
Anne Thomas ◽  
Robert Janco ◽  
Mary Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prophylactic Anticoagulation ◽  
Fibrin Clots

Abstract We report on a family with a history of venous thromboembolism associated with fibrinogen Paris V (fibrinogen A-Arg554→Cys). Ten members experienced thrombotic events, including 4 with fatal pulmonary emboli. Pulmonary embolism was the presenting feature in 4. Those with the mutation and a history of thrombosis had somewhat higher fibrinogen concentrations than those with the mutation and no thrombosis (294 ± 70 mg/dL vs 217 ± 37 mg/dL, respectively). The Paris V mutation consistently caused a prolongation of the reptilase time, and fibrin clots containing the abnormal fibrinogen were more translucent than normal clots. Given the early onset of symptoms and the initial presentation with pulmonary embolism in some family members, it was justifiable to offer prophylactic anticoagulation with warfarin to carriers of the mutation. Fibrinogen Paris V has now been reported in 4 apparently unrelated families, indicating that it is a relatively common cause of dysfibrinogenemia-associated thrombosis.

Primary Venous Aneurysms of the Popliteal Fossa

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Cheatle ◽  
M. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Popliteal Fossa ◽  
Venous Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Radiological Evidence

Objective: To report five cases of primary venous aneurysm arising in the popliteal fossa. Setting: Unite de Pathologie Vasculaire Jean Kunlin, Clinique du Grand-Large, av. Leon-Blum, Decines Charpieu, France. Patients: Five patients with radiological evidence of venous aneurysm in the popliteal fossa. Interventions: Surgical repair in all cases. Main outcome measures: Avoidance of pulmonary embolism. Results: Satisfactory postoperative recovery in all. No complications or subsequent pulmonary emboli.

scholarly journals Uterine myoma as a cause of iliac vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: common disease, rare complication

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Leon Arrabal Fernandes ◽  
Carla Luana Dinardo ◽  
Mario Terra‐Filho
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Iliac Vein ◽  
Uterine Myoma ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Iliac Vein Thrombosis

A Successful Venous Thromboprophylaxis in a Patient with Vaccine-induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT): a case report of the first reported case in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archrob Khuhapinant ◽  
Tarinee Rungjirajittranon ◽  
Bundarika Suwanawiboon ◽  
Yingyong Chinthammitr ◽  
Theera Ruchutrakool
Keyword(s):  
Asian Population ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Fatal Complication ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
High Dose Dexamethasone ◽  
Prophylactic Dose ◽  
Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Very High

Abstract BackgroundVaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare but fatal complication of Coronavirus Disease 2019 vaccine. Many reports of VITT have mostly been in the Caucasian population. Here, we present first reported case from an oriental population.Case presentationA 26-year-old female who had severe headache and severe thrombocytopenia 8 days after administration of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca. Although no thrombosis was demonstrated by imaging studies, she had very highly elevated d-dimer level during hospitalization. Serology for antibody against platelet factor 4 was positive on several days with very high optical density readings. Furthermore, we found the antibody could induce spontaneous platelet aggregation without the presence of heparin. We decided to treat her with intravenous immunoglobulin, high-dose dexamethasone, and a prophylactic dose of apixaban. She improved rapidly and was discharged from the hospital 6 days after admission. Neither thrombocytopenia nor thrombosis was subsequently detected at three weeks follow-up.ConclusionsDespite lower rate of thrombosis, VITT can present in Asian population. Early detection and prompt treatment of VITT can improve patients’ clinical outcome. Thromboprophylaxis of non-heparin anticoagulants also results in prevention of clot formation.

POTT’S PUFFY TUMOR: A CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
V. Stoyanov ◽  
D. Petkov ◽  
P. Bozdukova
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Frontal Sinusitis ◽  
Subperiosteal Abscess ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Pott’S Puffy Tumor ◽  
Intracranial Complications ◽  
Life Threatening

Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT) is a rare complication of sinusitis characterized by osteomyelitis of the frontal bone with subperiosteal abscess presenting as frontal swelling. It was first described by Sir Percival Pott in 1768 in relation to frontal head trauma. Later, it was established that this entity is more common in relation to frontal sinusitis (1). In this article we report a case of PPT in a 17-year-old boy. CT scan confirmed subperiosteal abscess. At surgery, the subperiosteal abscess was drained and sequestrectomy of the affected frontal bone was done. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were given for 4 weeks. The patient recovered without residual problems and has remained well. PPT is now relatively uncommon and early diagnosis and prompt treatment is necessary to avoid further intracranial complications, which can be life-threatening.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: when a low platelet count is a mandate for anticoagulation

Hematology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Ortel
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune-mediated disorder caused by the development of antibodies to platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin. The thrombocytopenia is typically moderate, with a median platelet count nadir of ~50 to 60 × 109 platelets/L. Severe thrombocytopenia has been described in patients with HIT, and in these patients antibody levels are high and severe clinical outcomes have been reported (eg, disseminated intravascular coagulation with microvascular thrombosis). The timing of the thrombocytopenia in relation to the initiation of heparin therapy is critically important, with the platelet count beginning to drop within 5 to 10 days of starting heparin. A more rapid drop in the platelet count can occur in patients who have been recently exposed to heparin (within the preceding 3 months), due to preformed anti-heparin/PF4 antibodies. A delayed form of HIT has also been described that develops within days or weeks after the heparin has been discontinued. In contrast to other drug-induced thrombocytopenias, HIT is characterized by an increased risk for thromboembolic complications, primarily venous thromboembolism. Heparin and all heparin-containing products should be discontinued and an alternative, non-heparin anticoagulant initiated. Alternative agents that have been used effectively in patients with HIT include lepirudin, argatroban, bivalirudin, and danaparoid, although the last agent is not available in North America. Fondaparinux has been used in a small number of patients with HIT and generally appears to be safe. Warfarin therapy should not be initiated until the platelet count has recovered and the patient is systemically anticoagulated, and vitamin K should be administered to patients receiving warfarin at the time of diagnosis of HIT.

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