scholarly journals Metabolic Seizures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Almannai ◽  
Rabah A. Al Mahmoud ◽  
Mohammed Mekki ◽  
Ayman W. El-Hattab
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Congenital Disorders Of Glycosylation ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Peroxisomal Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Refractory Seizures ◽  
History Of Epilepsy

Metabolic diseases should always be considered when evaluating children presenting with seizures. This is because many metabolic disorders are potentially treatable and seizure control can be achieved when these diseases are appropriately treated. Seizures caused by underlying metabolic diseases (metabolic seizures) should be particularly considered in unexplained neonatal seizures, refractory seizures, seizures related to fasting or food intake, seizures associated with other systemic or neurologic features, parental consanguinity, and family history of epilepsy. Metabolic seizures can be caused by various amino acids metabolic disorders, disorders of energy metabolism, cofactor-related metabolic diseases, purine and pyrimidine metabolic diseases, congenital disorders of glycosylation, and lysosomal and peroxisomal disorders. Diagnosing metabolic seizures without delay is essential because the immediate initiation of appropriate therapy for many metabolic diseases can prevent or minimize complications.

Uncontrollable Seizures in an Epileptic

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 590-594
Author(s):  
John E. Zarek
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy

A case of possible phenytoin-induced systemic lupus erythematosus is presented in a patient with a twenty-year history of epilepsy. The failure of seizure control in the presence of adequate anticonvulsant blood levels pointed to an underlying disease state. Drug-induced and idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus are quite similar in clinical and laboratory manifestations. However, antibodies to native (double-stranded)-DNA seem to be consistent with the idiopathic form. A review of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus is presented.

scholarly journals Risk factors for developing epilepsy in children with cerebral pals

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-427
Author(s):  
A K Mammadbayli ◽  
M R Taghiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Family History ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy

Aim. To identify the most important risk factors affecting the development of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. Methods. The study included 160 cerebral palsy patients with and without epilepsy who received treatment at the Baku Children's Neurological Hospital. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of 110 (68.7%) patients with cerebral palsy and epilepsy, and the second group consisted of 50 (31.3%) patients with cerebral palsy. The age of children ranged from 1 to 14 years. Statistical data processing was performed by using the SPSS software version 16.0. The Chi-square test was used to compare categorical measurements. T-test for independent groups was used for comparison between groups of continuous measurements. Binary logistic regression was used for determining the risk factors. In all tests, the level of statistical significance was set at p 0.05. Results. There was no significant difference in age and gender distribution between groups (p=0.492 and p=0.818, respectively). 10 (9.1%) children in the main group had a positive family history of epilepsy (odds ratio 8.08, p=0.028). Neonatal seizures were observed in 25 (22.7%) children in the main group and 3 (6%) children in the control group (odds ratio 4.4, p=0.010). The presence of infection during pregnancy in the mother was found in both the main (39.1%) and control (20%) groups (odds ratio 2.6, p=0.018). Level IV of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) was the most frequent among patients with epilepsy (odds ratio 12.8; p=0.035). The incidence rate of epilepsy among cerebral palsy patients was 68.7%. The mean age of onset of seizures was 19.226.6 months. The most frequent epileptic seizures (55.5%) occurred in spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy. Conclusion. The presence of a positive family history of epilepsy, neonatal seizures, maternal infection during pregnancy and severe GMFCS level were identified as factors for the development of epilepsy in patients with cerebral palsy; premature birth, presence of hypoxic-ischemic injury, low birth weight, consanguineous marriage, multiple pregnancies, or gender were not identified as risk factors for the development of epilepsy in children.

scholarly journals Prognostic factors of epilepsy in patients with neonatal seizures history

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Banani Sidiq ◽  
Elisabeth S. Herini ◽  
Tunjung Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycemia ◽  
Epileptic Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background Seizures in neonates are often associated withneurological disorders in early life, including epilepsy. Severalpossible prognostic factors may influence the development ofepilepsy in these patients.Objective To evaluate prognostic factors that may influence theoccurrence of epilepsy in the first two years of life in patients witha history of neonatal seizures.Methods We performed a cohort retrospective study on patientswith neonatal se izures in Sardjito Hospital during 2004-2009.Prognostic factors observed were gender, family history ofepilepsy, neonatal hypoglycemia, assisted labor, hypoxic ischemicencephalopathy, preterm infant delivery, and epileptic state.Results Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and epileptic stateincreased the risk of epilepsy (HR 5.8; 95%CI 1.63 to 20.43 andHR 6.3; 95%CI 2 .0 to 19. 70, respectively). Assisted labor, pretermdelivery, neonatal hypoglycemia, family history of epilepsy, andgender did not increase the risk of epilepsy in the first two yearsof life.Conclusion Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and epileptic statein neonates presenting with seizures are the prognostic factors tobe epileptic children during the first two years of life.

scholarly journals Epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy

2001 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isac Bruck ◽  
Sérgio Antônio Antoniuk ◽  
Adriane Spessatto ◽  
Ricardo Schmitt de Bem ◽  
Romeu Hausberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Family History ◽  
First Year ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and characteristics of epilepsy in patients with cerebral palsy in a tertiary center. METHODS: a total of 100 consecutive patients with cerebral palsy were retrospectively studied. Criteria for inclusion were follow-up period for at least 2 years. Types and incidence of epilepsy were correlated with the different forms of cerebral palsy. Other factors associated with epilepsy such as age of first seizure, neonatal seizures and family history of epilepsy were also analysed. RESULTS: follow-up ranged between 24 and 151 months (mean 57 months). The overall prevalence of epilepsy was 62%. Incidence of epilepsy was predominant in patients with hemiplegic and tetraplegic palsies: 70.6% and 66.1%, respectively. First seizure occurred during the first year of life in 74.2% of patients with epilepsy. Generalized and partial were the predominant types of epilepsy (61.3% and 27.4%, respectively). Thirty-three (53.2%) of 62 patients were seizure free for at least 1 year. Neonatal seizures and family history of epilepsy were associated with a higher incidence of epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS: epilepsy in cerebral palsy can be predicted if seizures occur in the first year of life, in neonatal period and if there is family history of epilepsy.

Seizures following surgery for supratentorial extratemporal low-grade tumors in children: a multicenter retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Jonathan Roth ◽  
Or Bercovich ◽  
Ashton Roach ◽  
Francesco T. Mangano ◽  
Arvind C. Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Refractory Seizures ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Over Time ◽  
New Onset

OBJECTIVEResection of brain tumors may lead to new-onset seizures but may also reduce seizure rates in patients presenting with seizures. Seizures are seen at presentation in about 24% of patients with brain tumors. For lesional epilepsy in general, early resection is associated with improved seizure control. However, the literature is limited regarding the occurrence of new-onset postoperative seizures, or rates of seizure control in those presenting with seizures, following resections of extratemporal low-grade gliomas (LGGs) in children.METHODSData were collected retrospectively from 4 large tertiary centers for children (< 18 years of age) who underwent resection of a supratentorial extratemporal (STET) LGG. The patients were divided into 4 groups based on preoperative seizure history: no seizures, up to 2 seizures, more than 2 seizures, and uncontrolled or refractory epilepsy. The authors analyzed the postoperative occurrence of seizures and the need for antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) over time for the various subgroups.RESULTSThe study included 98 children. Thirty patients had no preoperative seizures, 18 had up to 2, 16 had more than 2, and 34 had refractory or uncontrolled epilepsy. The risk for future seizures was higher if the patient had seizures within 1 month of surgery. The risk for new-onset seizures among patients with no seizures prior to surgery was low. The rate of seizures decreased over time for children with uncontrolled or refractory seizures. The need for AEDs was higher in the more active preoperative seizure groups; however, it decreased with time.CONCLUSIONSThe resection of STET LGGs in children is associated with a low rate of postoperative new-onset epilepsy. For children with preoperative seizures, even with uncontrolled epilepsy, most have a significant improvement in the seizure activity, and many may be weaned off their AEDs.

Gut Microbiota Patterns in Obese and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) Patients from Romanian Black Sea Coast Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2260-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra Iulia Suceveanu ◽  
Anca Pantea Stoian ◽  
Irinel Parepa ◽  
Claudia Voinea ◽  
Razvan Hainarosie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coast Region ◽  
Sea Coast

Gut microbiota plays a major role in the process of food absorption and low grade inflammation, two key steps in obesity and diabetes mellitus occurrence. Gut microbiota metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA), have an important impact over the metabolic pathways like insulin signalling, incretin production and inflammation. [1-3] We aimed to study the microbiota patterns in obese and T2D patients from Black Sea Coast region, considering the ethnic mixture, environmental and geographical particularities, involving diet or various habits in this area. 100 patients and 100 controls matched by age, gender and ethnicity were studied regarding feaces predominance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species. We compared the results of microbiota patterns from patients to those obtained in a similar control group of healthy subjects. The standard pour plate 0.05% L-cystine enriched method was used to obtain the bacterial cultures and anaerobic conditions. Morphological and biochemical tests were used to identify the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. Fecal organic acid concentrations were explored in frozen samples. The association between bacterial counts/organic acid concentrations and independent variables, including age, diet, ethnicity and other risk factors were calculated using multivariable linear regression analysis. Pearson�s correlation coefficients were calculated to detect associations between fecal bacteria counts/organic acid concentrations and laboratory variables (serum biomarkers, body mass index, age, and severity of obesity/T2D according to international scales). Junk and sweet diets, lack of physical activity and familial aggregation of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes were significantly more often present in our T2D/obese patients than in controls. The bacterial counts of the L. acidophilus, L plantarum and L. reuteri subgroups of Lactobacillus sp were significantly lower among patients with T2D and obesity than in controls. The counting of Bifidobacterium spp revealed a higher presence of B. bifidum in controls than in obese or T2D patients. Diet type (junk food and sweets), BMI (]25) and personal history of metabolic disorders were associated with decreased counts of L acidophilus and increased counts of L. fermentum and B. adolescentis in T2D patients. Ethnicity, metabolic disorders history and junk and sweet diet were associated with low counts of L. acidophilus and L. reuteri and low counts of B. longum. Junk and sweet diet was associated with low counts of B. bifidum. Romanian ethnicity and metabolic disorders were associated with low counts of B. choerinum at obese patients, independent of age or previous antidiabetic treatments. The concentrations of acetic and butyric acids were significantly lower in all patients groups, while the concentrations of valeric acid were significantly higher in patients with untreated T2D and obese patients compared to the controls. Low counts of L. acidophilus and L. reuteri were positively correlated with the increased levels of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, TG and inflammatory markers such as CRP, ESR and IL-6, no matter of diet, age, ethnicity or metabolic disorders history. Also, low counts of B. bifidum and B. infantis were positively correlated with high levels of CRP, IL-6 and TG. In obese patients, statistic analysis results showed that low counts of L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. johnsonii and L. reuteri were positively associated with increased levels of CPR, IL-6 and TG, while low counts of B. bifidum, B infantis and B. breve were positively correlated with higher counts of CPR, LDL cholesterol and TG. Low counts of B. bifidum and B choerinum were positively correlated with low counts of HDL cholesterol in Romanian ethnicity patients and in those with previous metabolic disorders. Low bacterial counts of some particular strains of Lactobacillus spp and Bifidobacterium spp were positively correlated with diet type, BMI, Romanian ethnicity and personal history of metabolic disorders obese and T2D patients from Romanian Black Sea Coast Region.

The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Lipid Profiles Among Patients with Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 2729-2742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Sharifi ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh ◽  
Naghmeh Mirhosseini ◽  
Kamran B. Lankarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Coq10 Supplementation

Background and objective: Oxidative stress and inflammation are key parameters in developing metabolic disorders. Hence, antioxidant intake might be an appropriate approach. Several studies have evaluated the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on lipid profile among patients with metabolic diseases, though findings are controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on lipid profile in patients with metabolic disorders. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases until July 2017. Prospective clinical trials were selected assessing the effect of CoQ10 supplementation on different biomarkers. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of studies, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies. A fixed- or random-effects model was used to pool the data, which expressed as a standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity was measured using a Q-test and with I2 statistics. Results: A total of twenty-one controlled trials (514 patients and 525 controls) were included. The meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in serum triglycerides levels (SMD -0.28; 95% CI, -0.56, -0.005). CoQ10 supplementation also decreased total-cholesterol (SMD -0.07; 95% CI, -0.45, 0.31), increased LDL- (SMD 0.04; 95% CI, -0.27, 0.36), and HDL-cholesterol levels (SMD 0.10; 95% CI, -0.32, 0.51), not statistically significant. Conclusion: CoQ10 supplementation may significantly reduce serum triglycerides levels, and help to improve lipid profiles in patients with metabolic disorders. Additional prospective studies are recommended using higher supplementation doses and longer intervention period.

Provider Practices of Phenobarbital Discontinuation in Neonatal Seizures

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niranjana Natarajan ◽  
Christopher W. Beatty ◽  
Juliane Gust ◽  
Lorie Hamiwka
Keyword(s):  
Seizure Control ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Early Discontinuation ◽  
Treatment Length ◽  
Provider Practices ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Symptomatic Seizures ◽  
Infectious Etiology

Neonatal seizures are treated with phenobarbital and prolonged treatment does not prevent postneonatal epilepsy. The authors documented factors influencing phenobarbital use and determined whether published data changed practice. A total of 83 neonates with symptomatic seizures, clinical or electrographic, were evaluated for treatment, incidence of postneonatal epilepsy, and associated factors. Median phenobarbital treatment was 81 days. Nineteen children (23%) developed postneonatal epilepsy. Longer duration of seizures and an infectious etiology were associated with postneonatal epilepsy suggesting no impact on duration of phenobarbital treatment. Treatment duration was associated with duration of seizures and use of a second antiseizure medication. This study supports early discontinuation of phenobarbital and suggests providers utilize factors such as use of a second antiseizure medication and time to seizure control to determine phenobarbital duration, despite prior studies suggesting no impact of treatment length.

INHERITED METABOLIC DISORDERS AND HEART DISEASES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vjekoslav Krželj ◽  
Ivana Čulo Čagalj
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Glycogen Storage Diseases ◽  
Coronary Diseases ◽  
Inherited Metabolic Disorders

Inherited metabolic disorders can cause heart diseases, cardiomyopathy in particular, as well as cardiac arrhythmias, valvular and coronary diseases. More than 40 different inherited metabolic disorders can provoke cardiomyopathy, including lysosomal storage disorders, fatty acid oxidation defects, organic acidemias, amino acidopathies, glycogen storage diseases, congenital disorders of glycosylation as well as peroxisomal and mitochondrial disorders. If identified and diagnosed on time, some of congenital metabolic diseases could be successfully treated. It is important to assume them in cases when heart diseases are etiologically undefined. Rapid technological development has made it easier to establish the diagnosis of these diseases. This article will focus on common inherited metabolic disorders that cause heart diseases, as well as on diseases that might be possible to treat.

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