scholarly journals Clustering of Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures in a Mouse Model of Extended Hippocampal Kindling

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyu Liu ◽  
Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Limbic Structure ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Discharge Duration ◽  
Animal Models Of Epilepsy ◽  
Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Acute repetitive seizures or seizure clusters are common in epileptic patients. Seizure clusters are associated with a high risk of developing status epilepticus and increased morbidity and mortality. Seizure clusters are also recognizable in spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) that occur in animal models of epilepsy. The electrical kindling of a limbic structure is a commonly used model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Although classic kindling over the course of a few weeks does not generally induce SRS, extended kindling over the course of a few months can induce SRS in several animal species. SRS in kindled cats often occur in clusters, but the existence of seizure clusters in rodent models of extended kindling remains to be demonstrated. We explored the existence of seizure clusters in mice following extended hippocampal kindling. Adult male mice (C57BL/6) experienced twice daily hippocampal stimulations and underwent continuous 24-hour electroencephalogram (EEG)-video monitoring after ≥80 stimulations. SRS events were recognized by EEG discharges and associated motor seizures. Seizure clusters, defined as ≥4 seizures per cluster and intra-cluster inter-seizure intervals ≤ 120 min, were observed in 19 of the 20 kindled mice. Individual mice showed variable seizure clusters in terms of cluster incidence and circadian-like expression patterns. For clusters consisting of 4–7 seizures and intra-seizure intervals ≤ 20 min, no consistent changes in inter-seizure intervals, EEG discharge duration, or motor seizure severity scores were observed approaching cluster termination. These results suggested that seizure clustering represents a prominent feature of SRS in hippocampal kindled mice. We speculate that, despite experimental limitations and confounding factors, systemic homeostatic mechanisms that have yet to be explored may play an important role in governing the occurrence and termination of seizure clusters.

scholarly journals The Bgee suite: integrated curated expression atlas and comparative transcriptomics in animals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic B. Bastian ◽  
Julien Roux ◽  
Anne Niknejad ◽  
Aurélie Comte ◽  
Sara S. Fonseca Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
R Package ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Data Annotation ◽  
Very Large Datasets

ABSTRACTBgee is a database to retrieve and compare gene expression patterns in multiple animal species, produced by integrating multiple data types (RNA-Seq, Affymetrix, in situ hybridization, and EST data). It is based exclusively on curated healthy wild-type expression data (e.g., no gene knock-out, no treatment, no disease), to provide a comparable reference of normal gene expression. Curation includes very large datasets such as GTEx (re-annotation of samples as “healthy” or not) as well as many small ones. Data are integrated and made comparable between species thanks to consistent data annotation and processing, and to calls of presence/absence of expression, along with expression scores. As a result, Bgee is capable of detecting the conditions of expression of any single gene, accommodating any data type and species. Bgee provides several tools for analyses, allowing, e.g., automated comparisons of gene expression patterns within and between species, retrieval of the prefered conditions of expression of any gene, or enrichment analyses of conditions with expression of sets of genes. Bgee release 14.1 includes 29 animal species, and is available at https://bgee.org/ and through its Bioconductor R package BgeeDB.

Spontaneous Arm Movement Activity during Sleep in Epileptic and Non-Epileptic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Hendrik Schulz ◽  
Jianghai Ruan ◽  
Rüdiger J. Seitz
Keyword(s):  
Arm Movement ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Sleep Architecture ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽  
Movement Activity ◽  
Epileptic Discharges ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Abnormal Sleep

Purpose: Epilepsy has a complex interaction with sleep. The purpose of this study was to explore the relation between spontaneous arm movements and sleep architecture in patients with epilepsy. Methods: This prospective study included 53 patients with suspected epilepsy (44 ± 18 years; 30 females, 23 males) and 55 age-matched patients with non-epileptic seizures (42 ± 15: 27 females, 28 males). Twenty-four-hour-video-electroencephalography recordings were combined with accelerometry of movement activity of both arms using actiwatches. Results: Patients with suspected epilepsy showed a higher occurrence of epileptic discharges (p = 0.0001) and abnormal focal slowing (p = 0.027) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) than the patients with non-epileptic seizures. Also, the epilepsy patients showed a shorter rapid eye movement-sleep duration compared to controls (0.0001). Accelerometry revealed that the patients with epilepsy moved their dominant right arm more frequently during the night (p = 0.014) than the controls, although there was no difference in arm movement activity during day time. Conclusion: The patients with reported epilepsy exhibited higher spontaneous arm movement activity during sleep. This may be related to abnormal sleep architecture or abnormal EEG activity but was not related to epileptic seizures.

scholarly journals Perampanel Reduces Hyperthermia-Induced Seizures in Dravet Syndrome Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Yin Ho ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
I-Chun Chen ◽  
Che-Wen Tsai ◽  
Fang-Chia Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Model Potential ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Epileptic Activity ◽  
Dravet Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Discharge Duration ◽  
Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures

Treatment options for Dravet syndrome are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiepileptic effect of the AMPA receptor antagonist perampanel (PER) on a mouse model of Dravet syndrome (Scn1aE1099X/+). We report here that the PER (2 mg/kg) treatment inhibited the spontaneous recurrent seizures and attenuated epileptic activity in Scn1aE1099X/+ mice. In the hyperthermia-induced seizure experiment, PER clearly increased temperature tolerance and significantly ameliorated seizure frequency and discharge duration. PER also demonstrated antiepileptic effects in a cross-over study and a synergistic effect for attenuating heat-induced seizure when given in combination with stiripentol or valproic acid. The results showed that PER effectively decreased the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures and showed significant therapeutic potential for hyperthermia-induced seizures with regard to both susceptibility and severity in a Dravet syndrome mouse model. Potential therapeutic effects of PER for treatment of Dravet syndrome were demonstrated.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Childhood Epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 3965-3969
Author(s):  
Hala G. Elnady ◽  
Naglaa Abdelmoneam ◽  
Eman Eissa ◽  
Enas R. Abdel Hamid ◽  
Dina Abu Zeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Epileptic Children ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Immunoglobulin Levels ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is the most frequent chronic neurologic condition in childhood. Its clinical diagnosis is based on electroencephalograms (EEG) and neuroimaging techniques. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate gene expression of several genes and are aberrantly expressed in several diseases. AIM: Evaluation of using circulating miR-106b and miR-146a as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in children patients with epilepsy. METHODS: Thirty epileptic children and twenty controls were enrolled in our study. They were assessed for the expression pattern of miR-106b and miR-146a in plasma using quantitative real-time PCR and determination of plasma Immunoglobulin levels. RESULTS: MiR-146a and miR-106b expression patterns were significantly up-regulated in children patients than that in normal controls. Plasma Immunoglobulins were differentially expressed in epileptic patients in comparison with healthy controls. No correlations were found between expression levels of miRNAs (miR-146a and miR-106b) and clinical data or immunoglobulin levels in children patients with epilepsy. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that up-regulated plasma miR-106b and miR-146a could be used as biomarkers for epilepsy evaluation.

scholarly journals Neural Network Based Epileptic EEG Detection and Classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Shivam Gupta ◽  
Jyoti Meena ◽  
O.P Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Region Detection ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain

Timely diagnosis is important for saving the life of epileptic patients. In past few years, a lot of treatment are available for epilepsy. These treatments involve use of medicines. But these are not effective in controlling frequency of seizure. There is need of removal of affected region using surgery. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a widely used technique for monitoring the brain activity and widely popular for seizure region detection. It is used before surgery for locating affected region. This manual process using EEG graphs is time consuming and requires deep expertise. In the present paper, a model has been proposed that preserves the true nature of EEG signal in form of textual one dimensional vector. The proposed model achieves a state of art performance for Bonn University dataset giving an average sensitivity, specificity of 81% and 81.4% respectively for classification among all five classes. Also for binary classification achieving 99.9%, 99.5% score value for specificity and sensitivity instead of 2D models used by other researchers. Thus developed system will significantly help neurosurgeons in increasing their performance.

COMPARING AND ANALYSING GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS ACROSS ANIMAL SPECIES USING 4DXPRESS

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
YANNICK HAUDRY ◽  
CHUANG KEE ONG ◽  
LAURENCE ETTWILLER ◽  
HUGO BERUBE ◽  
IVICA LETUNIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns

scholarly journals The Bgee suite: integrated curated expression atlas and comparative transcriptomics in animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (D1) ◽  
pp. D831-D847
Author(s):  
Frederic B Bastian ◽  
Julien Roux ◽  
Anne Niknejad ◽  
Aurélie Comte ◽  
Sara S Fonseca Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
R Package ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Data Annotation ◽  
Very Large Datasets

Abstract Bgee is a database to retrieve and compare gene expression patterns in multiple animal species, produced by integrating multiple data types (RNA-Seq, Affymetrix, in situ hybridization, and EST data). It is based exclusively on curated healthy wild-type expression data (e.g., no gene knock-out, no treatment, no disease), to provide a comparable reference of normal gene expression. Curation includes very large datasets such as GTEx (re-annotation of samples as ‘healthy’ or not) as well as many small ones. Data are integrated and made comparable between species thanks to consistent data annotation and processing, and to calls of presence/absence of expression, along with expression scores. As a result, Bgee is capable of detecting the conditions of expression of any single gene, accommodating any data type and species. Bgee provides several tools for analyses, allowing, e.g., automated comparisons of gene expression patterns within and between species, retrieval of the prefered conditions of expression of any gene, or enrichment analyses of conditions with expression of sets of genes. Bgee release 14.1 includes 29 animal species, and is available at https://bgee.org/ and through its Bioconductor R package BgeeDB.

scholarly journals Rodent EEG: Expanding the Spectrum of Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Background Activity ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Eeg Analysis ◽  
Computational Power ◽  
Epilepsy Research ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
Software Platforms ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Models Of Epilepsy

In epilepsy research, the analysis of rodent electroencephalogram (EEG) has been performed by many laboratories with a variety of techniques. However, the acquisition and basic analysis of rodent EEG have only recently been standardized. Since a number of software platforms and increased computational power have become widely available, advanced rodent EEG analysis is now more accessible to investigators working with rodent models of epilepsy. In this review, the approach to the analysis of rodent EEG will be examined, including the evaluation of both epileptiform and background activity. Major caveats when employing these analyses, cellular and circuit-level correlates of EEG changes, and important differences between rodent and human EEG are also reviewed. The currently available techniques show great promise in gaining a deeper understanding of the complexities hidden within the EEG in rodent models of epilepsy.

scholarly journals Electrographic Features of Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures in a Mouse Model of Extended Hippocampal Kindling

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyu Liu ◽  
Uilki Tufa ◽  
Anya Zahra ◽  
Jonathan Chow ◽  
Nila Sivanenthiran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Limbic Structure ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures

Abstract Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) and comorbidities. Kindling through repetitive brief stimulation of a limbic structure is a commonly used model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Particularly, extended kindling over a period up to a few months can induce SRS, which may simulate slowly evolving epileptogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy. Currently, electroencephalographic (EEG) features of SRS in rodent models of extended kindling remain to be detailed. We explored this using a mouse model of extended hippocampal kindling. Intracranial EEG recordings were made from the kindled hippocampus and unstimulated hippocampal, neocortical, piriform, entorhinal, or thalamic area in individual mice. Spontaneous EEG discharges with concurrent low-voltage fast onsets were observed from the two corresponding areas in nearly all SRS detected, irrespective of associated motor seizures. Examined in brain slices, epileptiform discharges were induced by alkaline artificial cerebrospinal fluid in the hippocampal CA3, piriform and entorhinal cortical areas of extended kindled mice but not control mice. Together, these in vivo and in vitro observations suggest that the epileptic activity involving a macroscopic network may generate concurrent discharges in forebrain areas and initiate SRS in hippocampally kindled mice.

scholarly journals Animal Models of Epilepsy: Legacies and New Directions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Grone ◽  
Scott Baraban
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Animal Models Of Epilepsy ◽  
Models Of Epilepsy

Human epilepsies encompass a wide variety of clinical, behavioral and electrical manifestations. Correspondingly, studies of this disease in nonhuman animals have brought forward an equally wide array of animal models, i.e. species and acute or chronic seizure induction protocols. Epilepsy research has a long history of comparative anatomical and physiological studies on a range of mostly mammalian species. Nonetheless, a relatively limited number of rodent models emerged as the primary choices for most epilepsy-related investigations. In many cases these animal models are selected based on convenience or tradition, though technical or experimental rationale does, and should, factor into these decisions. More complex mammalian brains and, especially, genetic model organisms including zebrafish have been studied less but offer significant advantages that are being widely recognized.

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