scholarly journals Functional Connectivity Patterns and the Role of 5-HTTLPR Polymorphism on Network Architecture in Female Patients With Anorexia Nervosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Collantoni ◽  
Paolo Meneguzzo ◽  
Marco Solmi ◽  
Elena Tenconi ◽  
Renzo Manara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Connectivity Patterns

Functional Connectivity of Reward Circuits in Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S36-S36
Author(s):  
A. Favaro ◽  
P. Santonastaso
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Competing Interest

ObjectiveAnorexia nervosa display alterations of reward systems and some authors hypothesize the presence of a “starvation addiction”. The aim of the study is to explore the resting-state functional connectivity of dorsal and ventral striatal nuclei.Method51 subjects with lifetime anorexia nervosa (AN) (35 acute and 16 recovered) and 34 healthy controls underwent high resolution and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsThe AN group showed a reduced functional connectivity of the putamen in comparison to healthy women and this reduction appeared to be stronger in patients with lifetime binge eating or purging. Both acute and recovered AN groups showed larger left accumbens area in comparison to healthy women. Moreover, the functional connectivity of bilateral nucleus accumbens and putamen showed significant negative correlations with the number of obstetric complications in the AN group.Discussionthe present study supports the hypothesis that AN is associated with structural and functional alterations of striatal networks and unveils a possible role of obstetric complications in the pathogenesis of striatal dysfunction.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Shift Toward Randomness in Brain Networks of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Malnutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Collantoni ◽  
Paolo Meneguzzo ◽  
Elena Tenconi ◽  
Valentina Meregalli ◽  
Renzo Manara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Cortical Volume ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Tractography Data

No study to date investigated structural white matter (WM) connectome characteristics in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Previous research in AN found evidence of imbalances in global and regional connectomic brain architecture and highlighted a role of malnutrition in determining structural brain changes. The aim of our study was to explore the characteristics of the WM network architecture in a sample of patients with AN. Thirty-six patients with AN and 36 healthy women underwent magnetic resonance imaging to obtain a high-resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted anatomical image and a diffusion tensor imaging scan. Probabilistic tractography data were extracted and analyzed in their network properties through graph theory tools. In comparison to healthy women, patients with AN showed lower global network segregation (normalized clustering: p = 0.029), an imbalance between global network integration and segregation (i.e., lower small-worldness: p = 0.031), and the loss of some of the most integrative and influential hubs. Both clustering and small-worldness correlated with the lowest lifetime body mass index. A significant relationship was found between the average regional loss of cortical volume and changes in network properties of brain nodes: the more the difference in the cortical volume of brain areas, the more the increase in the centrality of corresponding nodes in the whole brain, and the decrease in clustering and efficiency of the nodes of parietal cortex. Our findings showed an unbalanced connectome wiring in AN patients, which seems to be influenced by malnutrition and loss of cortical volume. The role of this rearrangement in the maintenance and prognosis of AN and its reversibility with clinical improvement needs to be established by future studies.

Interpersonal Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 347-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff ◽  
Denise E. Wilfley
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Interpersonal Psychotherapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Routine Clinical Care ◽  
Interpersonal Factors ◽  
Future Research Directions

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a focused, time-limited treatment that targets interpersonal problem(s) associated with the onset and/or maintenance of EDs. IPT is supported by substantial empirical evidence documenting the role of interpersonal factors in the onset and maintenance of EDs. IPT is a viable alternative to cognitive behavior therapy for the treatment of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. The effectiveness of IPT for the treatment of anorexia nervosa requires further investigation. The utility of IPT for the prevention of obesity is currently being explored. Future research directions include enhancing the delivery of IPT for EDs, increasing the availability of IPT in routine clinical care settings, exploring IPT adolescent and parent–child adaptations, and developing IPT for the prevention of eating and weight-related problems that may promote full-syndrome EDs or obesity.

Facilitating Change in Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Occupational Therapy

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 334-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Harries
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Projective Art

Patients with anorexia nervosa benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. This article gives a brief description of, first, the illness and its treatment and, secondly, the occupational therapy techniques used at the Maudsley Unit. It then demonstrates the progress of patients through examples of projective art.

Dysfunctional Eating Behaviour and Leptin in Middle-Aged Women: Role of Menopause and a History of Anorexia Nervosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Stojiljkovic-Drobnjak ◽  
Susanne Fischer ◽  
Myrtha Arnold ◽  
Wolfgang Langhans ◽  
Ulrike Kuebler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Effect of corpus callosum agenesis on the language network in children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bartha-Doering ◽  
Ernst Schwartz ◽  
Kathrin Kollndorfer ◽  
Florian Ph. S. Fischmeister ◽  
Astrid Novak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Functional Language ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Verbal Abilities ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Language Network

AbstractThe present study is interested in the role of the corpus callosum in the development of the language network. We, therefore, investigated language abilities and the language network using task-based fMRI in three cases of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), three cases of partial ACC and six controls. Although the children with complete ACC revealed impaired functions in specific language domains, no child with partial ACC showed a test score below average. As a group, ACC children performed significantly worse than healthy controls in verbal fluency and naming. Furthermore, whole-brain ROI-to-ROI connectivity analyses revealed reduced intrahemispheric and right intrahemispheric functional connectivity in ACC patients as compared to controls. In addition, stronger functional connectivity between left and right temporal areas was associated with better language abilities in the ACC group. In healthy controls, no association between language abilities and connectivity was found. Our results show that ACC is associated not only with less interhemispheric, but also with less right intrahemispheric language network connectivity in line with reduced verbal abilities. The present study, thus, supports the excitatory role of the corpus callosum in functional language network connectivity and language abilities.

Anorexia Nervosa in a Black Zimbabwean

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Buchan ◽  
L. D. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Traditional Healer ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Speculative Hypothesis ◽  
African Patients

SummaryIn spite of the comparative rarity of anorexia nervosa in African patients, the case of a young black Zimbabwean woman which fulfils Feighner's diagnostic criteria is presented. Special reference is made to several unusual features which include the social and psychological conflicts engendered by changes of culture, the clinical symptoms, and the role of a traditional healer in her recovery. A speculative hypothesis concerning aetiology is suggested.

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