scholarly journals The Inhibitory Effects of Hericium erinaceus β-glucan on in vitro Starch Digestion

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Ma ◽  
Tao Feng ◽  
Sanfeng Zhang ◽  
Haining Zhuang ◽  
Da Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Hericium Erinaceus ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Starchy Foods ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

β-glucan has attracted extensive attention due to its health promoting effects, such as lowering the blood sugar and lipids levels, and enhancing immunity. In this study, three different β-glucans (HEBG-1, HEBG-2, HEBG-3) were obtained from Hericium erinaceus by sodium hydroxide, β-1,3-glucanase and β-1,6-glucanase, respectively. The effects of the glucans on in vitro digestion of wheat starch were investigated by Englyst method. We found that addition of HEBGs significantly reduced the digestibility of starch, showing as decreased RDS and pGI, and increased SDS and RS content. In addition, the inhibitory effects positively correlated with the molecular weight of HEBG. The triple helix structure in HEBG plays important roles in inhibiting starch digestion. And β-1,3- glucan showed stronger inhibitor effects than those of β-1,6- glucan. This study unravels the mechanism of HEBG on inhibition of starch digestion and provides a theoretical understanding for the application of edible mushroom β-glucan to the development of low glycemic index starchy foods.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Three Cooked Non-Cereal Starchy Foods on Postprandial Glycemic Responses and in Vitro Carbohydrate Digestion in Comparison with Whole Grains: A Randomized Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixin Zhu ◽  
Zhihong Fan ◽  
Yue Han ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Guojing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Starchy Foods ◽  
Carbohydrate Digestion ◽  
Glycemic Management ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Plant origin, processing, and domestic preparation may affect the postprandial glycemic response (PGR) of starchy foods. The objective of this study was to examine the possibility of integrating domestically cooked non-cereal starchy foods commonly consumed in Northeast Asia into glycemic management diet, and compare their glycemic characteristics with those of waxy and non-waxy whole grains and starchy beans. In a randomized crossover trial, ten healthy subjects consumed dried lily bulb (LB), lotus seed (LS), adlay (AD), waxy black rice (BR), millet (MI), and adzuki bean (AB), pre-soaked and each cooked for two time durations. Acute PGR tests and in vitro carbohydrate digestion were carried out for each test food. Both the LS and AB meals achieved low glycemic index (GI 21–51), while the other starchy foods failed to show significant difference with rice (GI 83–109). The hydrolysis indexes of LS and AB were 37.7%–61.1%, significantly lower than other test foods. The in vitro tests indicated that pre-soaking resulted in high rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and low resistant starch (RS). Careful choice of whole grain materials, minimized pre-soaking, and moderate cooking may be critical factors for successful postprandial glycemic management for diabetic and pre-diabetic.

scholarly journals Effects of tea polyphenols and gluten addition on in vitro wheat starch digestion properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Xie ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
Fang Fang ◽  
Siqian Chen ◽  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Starch Digestion

scholarly journals Prebiotic effects of inulin and oligofructose

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (S2) ◽  
pp. S193-S197 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kolida ◽  
K. Tuohy ◽  
G. R. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Food Product ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Human Large Intestine ◽  
Gut Pathogens ◽  
Stimulation Of

Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that target certain components within the microbiota of the human large intestine. Efficient prebiotics need to have a specific fermentation therein and thereby have the ability to alter the faecal microflora composition towards a more ‘beneficial’ community structure. This should occur by the stimulation of benign or potentially health promoting genera but not the harmful groups. Because of their positive attributes bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are the most frequent target organisms. Both inulin and oligofructose have been demonstrated to be effective prebiotics. This has been shown through both in vitro and in vivo assessments in different laboratories. Because of their recognised prebiotic properties, principally the selective stimulation of colonic bifidobacteria, both inulin and oligofructose are increasingly used in new food product developments. Examples include drinks, yoghurts, biscuits and table spreads. Because of the recognised inhibitory effects that bifidobacteria can exert against gut pathogens, one of the most important aspects of prebiotic ingestion is fortification of the gut flora to resist acute infections.

scholarly journals The Effect of Adding Gellan Gum to White Rice on the Starch Hydrolysis and Glycemic Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 571-571
Author(s):  
Norah Alshammari ◽  
Syahrizal Muttakin ◽  
Qingsu Liu ◽  
Ourania Gouseti ◽  
Jaber Alyami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Jasmine Rice ◽  
Starchy Foods

Abstract Objectives High consumption of starchy foods has been linked to increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Addition of food hydrocolloids gums to food has previously been shown to reduce the digestibility of food. Gellan gum, a polysacchairde produced by sphingomonas eldea is one of many available food hydrocolloid gums. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of adding gellan gum to white rice during cooking on the starch digestibility and related in-vitro glycemic index(GI). Methods A static in-vitro digestion model was used based on the protocol from the INFOGEST static in-vitro simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion model (Brodkorb et al, .2019). Four different samples were prepared: (A) Cooked Jasmine rice; (B) Cooked Jasmine rice + 1% low acyl gellan gum, LAGG (KELCOGEL F, CPKelco); (C) Cooked long grain rice and (D) Cooked long grain rice + 1% LAGG. The oral phase was simulated by adding 5 ml of simulated salivary fluid containing human salivary amylase, followed by gastric phase and an intestinal phase. Glucose release was determined by Sugar Reduction Assay(PAHBAH) and compared to a maltose standard curve at consecutive time points for 2 hours. Results The addition of LAGG inhibited starch hydrolysis for both Jasmine and long grain rice. The greatest effect was observed for Jasmine rice. Starch digestion was reduced with the addition of LAGG to Jasmine rice by 27% and with the addition to long grain rice by 21% at 120 minutes. The GI was calculated using the area under curve and white bread as reference. The addition of LAGG to Jasmine rice reduced the GI value by 8% whilst the effect on long grain rice was less pronounced. Conclusions The addition of gellan gum to rice during cooking reduced starch digestion in white rice and the in-vitro glycemic index. This might be an effective way to reduce the glycemic response to starchy foods in human. Funding Sources Ministry of Education, Saudi Arabia Acknowledgment: We thank Neil Cruttenden at CPKelco for the kind gift of gellan gum.

scholarly journals Starch digestibility and predicted glycemic index of fried sweet potato cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaka Odenigbo ◽  
Jamshid Rahimi ◽  
Michael Ngadi ◽  
Somaia Amer ◽  
Arif Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
French Fries ◽  
Starch Digestibility ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Total Starch

Background: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a very rich source of starch. There is increased interest in starch digestibility and the prevention and management of metabolic diseases.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of starch fractions and predicted glycemic index of different cultivars of sweet potato.Material and Method: French fries produced from five cultivars of sweet potato (‘Ginseng Red’, ‘Beauregard’, ‘White Travis’, ‘Georgia Jet clone #2010’ and ‘Georgia Jet’) were used. The level of total starch (TS), resistant starch (RS), digestible starch (DS), and starch digestion index starch digestion index in the samples were evaluated. In vitro starch hydrolysis at 30, 90, and 120 min were determined enzymatically for calculation of rapidly digestible starch (RDS), predicted glycemic index (pGI) and slowly digestible starch (SDS) respectively. Results: The RS content in all samples had an inversely significant correlation with pGI (-0.52; P<0.05) while RDS had positive and significant influence on both pGI (r=0.55; P<0.05) and SDI (r= 0.94; P<0.01). ‘White Travis’ and ‘Ginseng Red’ had higher levels of beneficial starch fractions (RS and SDS) with low pGI and starch Index (SDI), despite their higher TS content. Generally, all the cultivars had products with low to moderate GI values. Conclusion: The glycemic index of these food products highlights the health promoting characteristics of sweet potato cultivars.Keywords: Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas L, French fries, in vitro starch digestibility, glycemic index, resistant starch

scholarly journals Asparagus adscendens (Shweta musali) stimulates insulin secretion, insulin action and inhibits starch digestion

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline N. Mathews ◽  
Peter R. Flatt ◽  
Yasser H. Abdel-Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Future Work

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease characterised by glucose overproduction and under-utilisation. As the incidence of diabetes expands rapidly across the globe there is an urgent need to expand the range of effective treatments. Higher plants such as Asparagus adscendens provide therapeutic opportunities and a rich source of potential antidiabetic agents. In the present study an aqueous extract of Asparagus adscendens was shown to induce a significant non-toxic 19–248% increase in glucose-dependent insulinotropic actions (P<0·001) in the clonal pancreatic β cell line, BRIN-BD11. In addition, the extract produced an 81% (P<0·0001) increase in glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Asparagus adscendens also produced a 21% (P<0·001) decrease in starch digestion in vitro. The present study has revealed the presence of insulinotropic, insulin-enhancing activity and inhibitory effects on starch digestion in Asparagus adscendens. The former actions are dependent on the active principle(s) in the plant being absorbed intact. Future work assessing its use as a dietary adjunct or as a source of active components may provide new opportunities for the treatment of diabetes

Hericium Erinaceus β-glucan modulates in vitro wheat starch digestibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Feng ◽  
Mengzhu Shui ◽  
Zhongqiu Chen ◽  
Haining Zhuang ◽  
Wenxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Starch Digestibility ◽  
Hericium Erinaceus

Modulation of gelatinized wheat starch digestion and fermentation profiles by young apple polyphenols in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Yongli Yang ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Chuo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Young Apple

To evaluate the effect of young apple polyphenols (YAP) on starch digestion and gut microbiota, complexes of native wheat starch (NWS) with YAP, and their main components chlorogenic acid (CA) and phlorizin (P) were fabricated and gelatinized.

scholarly journals (177) Open Column Chromatographic Separation of Health-promoting Bioactive Citrus Limonoids

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1083B-1083
Author(s):  
Clark Wilson ◽  
G.K. Jayaprakasha ◽  
Bhimanagouda Patil
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Common Technique ◽  
Dried Extract

Open column chromatography is an effective and common technique for the separation and purification of chemical constituents. Limonoids are found in significant quantities in citrus fruits. Citrus limonoids have documented anti-cancer activity in several types of cancer, such as breast, colon, skin, and neuroblastoma in animal models and in vitro cell culture studies. Furthermore, limonoids have shown anti-inflammatory properties and inhibitory effects on bone resorption. In addition to many potential health benefits, limonoids have also shown antifungal and insect anti-feedant properties. To meet the large demand of limonoids for bioactivity studies, defatted grapefruit seeds were extracted using acetone and concentrated under vacuum. The dried extract was loaded onto a silica gel column and eluted with mixtures of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate with increasing polarity to obtain three compounds. The purity of the compounds (1–3) have been analyzed by HPLC and the structures have been identified by using NMR spectra and mass spectra as nomilin, limonin, and deacetylnomilin, in respective order of elution. The results will be presented in greater detail on the poster. This project is based upon work supported by the USDA-CSREES under Agreement USDA IFAFS #2001 52102 02294 and USDA #2005-34402-14401 “Designing Foods for Health” through the Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Center.

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