scholarly journals Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Differently Modulate Gut Microbiota and Metabolic and Immunological Parameters in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Fabersani ◽  
Antonela Marquez ◽  
Matías Russo ◽  
Romina Ross ◽  
Sebastián Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Obese Control

Background: Dietary strategies, including the use of probiotics as preventive agents that modulate the gut microbiota and regulate the function of adipose tissue, are suitable tools for the prevention or amelioration of obesity and its comorbidities. We aimed to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with different adipo- and immuno-modulatory capacities on metabolic and immunological parameters and intestinal composition microbiota in high-fat-diet-induced in mice fed a high-fat dietMethods: Balb/c weaning male mice were fed a standard (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without supplementation with Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 (CRL1446), Lactococcus lactis CRL1434 (CRL1434), or Lacticaseibacillus casei CRL431 (CRL431) for 45 days. Biochemical and immunological parameters, white-adipose tissue histology, gut microbiota composition, and ex vivo cellular functionality (adipocytes and macrophages) were evaluated in SD and HFD mice.Results: CRL1446 and CRL1434 administration, unlike CRL431, induced significant changes in the body and adipose tissue weights and the size of adipocytes. Also, these strains caused a decrease in plasmatic glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 levels, and an increase of IL-10. The CRL1446 and CRL1434 obese adipocyte in ex vivo functionality assays showed, after LPS stimulus, a reduction in leptin secretion compared to obese control, while with CRL431, no change was observed. In macrophages from obese mice fed with CRL1446 and CRL1434, after LPS stimulus, lower levels of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 compared to obese control were observed. In contrast, CRL431 did not induce modification of cytokine values. Regarding gut microbiota, all strain administration caused a decrease in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes index and diversity. As well as, related to genus results, all strains increased, mainly the genera Alistipes, Dorea, Barnesiella, and Clostridium XIVa. CRL1446 induced a higher increase in the Lactobacillus genus during the study period.Conclusions: The tested probiotic strains differentially modulated the intestinal microbiota and metabolic/immunological parameters in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. These results suggest that CRL1446 and CRL1434 strains could be used as adjuvant probiotics strains for nutritional treatment to obesity and overweight. At the same time, the CRL431 strain could be more beneficial in pathologies that require regulation of the immune system.

Inhibitory Effects of Fermented Ougan (Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) Juice on High-Fat Diet-induced Obesity Associated with White Adipose Tissue Browning and Gut Microbiota Modulation in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Guo ◽  
Xuedan Cao ◽  
Xiugui Fang ◽  
Ailing Guo ◽  
Erhu Li
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Tissue Browning

In this study, Ougan juice (OJ) and lactic acid bacteria fermented Ougan juice (FOJ) were investigated individually for their capability of preventing obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice. After...

Inhibition of Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis Prevents Rebound Weight Regain after Calorie Restriction Independent of Hypothalamic Melanocortin System in Obese Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 287-LB
Author(s):  
HYE-JIN LEE ◽  
MUN-GYU SONG ◽  
NA-HEE HA ◽  
BO-YEONG JIN ◽  
SANG-HYUN CHOI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Melanocortin System

Black rice anthocyanins alleviate hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis and insulin resistance by regulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in obese mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haizhao Song ◽  
Xinchun Shen ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Xiaodong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

Supplementation of black rice anthocyanins (BRAN) alleviated high fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis by improvement of lipid metabolism and modification of the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Chlorogenic Acid and Geniposide Combination Prevents NASH in Rats Fed High-fat diet via Microbiota and TLR4-LPS Pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijia Zhou ◽  
Lingxia Xu ◽  
Shaoliang Zhang ◽  
Shilin Xu ◽  
Yanmiao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract Objective: Chlorogenic acid and geniposide (CG) are derived from traditional Chinese medicine, Yinchenhao Recipe (QCHR), and can improve the clinical efficacy of NASH patients. This study investigated the effects of CG on NASH and expounded its Potential mechanism of action through the LPS-TLR4 pathway and microbiota. Methods: Rats were randomized into Control (C), Model (M), Chlorogenic Acid and Geniposide (CG), Pioglitazone (PH) and Bifico (B) groups. After an 8-week high-fat diet (HFD), CG, PH and B oral treatment were initiated and carried out for a further 8 weeks. The stool samples were used in a16S rDNA V4 highly variable region measurement method in order to regulate the role of CG in gut microbiota. The concentrations of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS were detected by the corresponding methods. Results: Observations were made that CG significantly improved the pathology of the liver and terminal ileum tissue. The accumulation of TG and the content of inflammatory cytokines in the liver were significantly decreased and the abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly down-regulated. The expression of TLR4, AP-1, MyD88, and phosphorylated NF-κB p65 were significantly decreased. All the findings above indicated that CG was highly effective in improving the composition of gut microbiota, decreasing the production of endogenous LPS, and reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines through the gut-liver axis.Conclusion: CG can regulate the abundance and diversity of the intestinal microbial community and improve liver inflammation and steatosis in NASH rats by reducing LPS-TLR4-mediated inflammation.

PDGF-D activation by macrophage-derived uPA promotes AngII-induced cardiac remodeling in obese mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Wen Cheng ◽  
Ze-Bei Zhang ◽  
Bei-Di Lan ◽  
Jing-Rong Lin ◽  
Xiao-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
First Time

Obesity-induced secretory disorder of adipose tissue–derived factors is important for cardiac damage. However, whether platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D), a newly identified adipokine, regulates cardiac remodeling in angiotensin II (AngII)–infused obese mice is unclear. Here, we found obesity induced PDGF-D expression in adipose tissue as well as more severe cardiac remodeling compared with control lean mice after AngII infusion. Adipocyte-specific PDGF-D knockout attenuated hypertensive cardiac remodeling in obese mice. Consistently, adipocyte-specific PDGF-D overexpression transgenic mice (PA-Tg) showed exacerbated cardiac remodeling after AngII infusion without high-fat diet treatment. Mechanistic studies indicated that AngII-stimulated macrophages produce urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) that activates PDGF-D by splicing full-length PDGF-D into the active PDGF-DD. Moreover, bone marrow–specific uPA knockdown decreased active PDGF-DD levels in the heart and improved cardiac remodeling in HFD hypertensive mice. Together, our data provide for the first time a new interaction pattern between macrophage and adipocyte: that macrophage-derived uPA activates adipocyte-secreted PDGF-D, which finally accelerates AngII-induced cardiac remodeling in obese mice.

scholarly journals Increasing Dietary Fish Oil Reduces Adiposity and Mitigates Bone Deterioration in Growing C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay J Cao ◽  
Brian R Gregoire ◽  
Kim G Michelsen ◽  
Matthew J Picklo
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Long Chain

ABSTRACT Background Intake of total fat is linked to obesity and inversely associated with bone density in humans. Epidemiologic and animal studies show that long-chain n–3 (ω-3) PUFAs supplied as fish oil (FO) are beneficial to skeletal health. Objective This study tested the hypothesis that increasing dietary FO would decrease adiposity and improve bone-related outcomes in growing obese mice. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice at 6 wk old were assigned to 6 treatment groups and fed either a normal-fat diet (3.85 kcal/g and 10% energy as fat) or a high-fat diet (HF; 4.73 kcal/g and 45% energy as fat) containing either 0%, 3%, or 9% energy as FO (0FO, 3FO, and 9FO, respectively) ad libitum for 6 mo. Bone structure, body composition, and serum bone-related cytokines were measured. Results The HF diet increased the expression of the adipose tissue tumor necrosis factor α (Tnfa) and serum concentrations of leptin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and decreased serum concentrations of osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05). FO decreased fat mass (P < 0.05), serum TRAP (P < 0.05), and adipose tissue Tnfa expression (P < 0.01). Bone content of long-chain n–3 PUFAs was increased and n–6 PUFAs were decreased with the elevation in dietary FO content (P < 0.01). Compared with mice fed 9FO, animals fed 3FO had higher femoral bone volume/total volume (25%), trabecular number (23%), connectivity density (82%), and bone mass of second lumbar vertebrae (12%) and lower femoral trabecular separation (−19%). Mice fed the 3FO HF diet had 42% higher bone mass than those fed the 0FO HF diet. Conclusions These data indicate increasing dietary FO ≤3% energy can decrease adiposity and mitigate HF diet–induced bone deterioration in growing C57BL/6 mice possibly by reducing inflammation and bone resorption. FO at 9% diet energy had no further beneficial effects on bone of obese mice.

Genistein inhibits high fat diet-induced obesity through miR-222 by targeting BTG2 and adipor1

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2418-2426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailin Gan ◽  
Linyuan Shen ◽  
Shujie Wang ◽  
Zhixian Guo ◽  
Ting Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Regulate Lipid Metabolism

Genistein may regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of obese mice by regulating the expression of miR-222 and its target genes, BTG2 and adipor1.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity and Gut Microbiota Modulation Effect of Secoiridoid-Enriched Extract from Fraxinus mandshurica Seeds on High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 4001
Author(s):  
Sen Guo ◽  
Haoan Zhao ◽  
Zhongxiao Ma ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Mingrou Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Modulation Effect ◽  
Fraxinus Mandshurica ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Phytochemical Study

Previously we conducted a phytochemical study on the seeds of Fraxinus excelsior and isolated nine secoiridoid compounds with adipocyte differentiation inhibitory activity and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) activation effects. However, the bioactive constituents and functions of Fraxinus mandshurica seeds have not been studied. In the present study, we investigated the secoiridoid compounds in F. mandshurica seed extract (FM) using column chromatography, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HPLC-DAD methods. The pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro. Additionally, the anti-obesity and gut microbiota modulation effect of FM on high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice were also studied in vivo. The results showed that 19 secoiridoids were isolated from FM and identified. The total content of secoiridoids in FM reached 181.35 mg/g and the highest content was nuzhenide (88.21 mg/g). All these secoiridoid compounds exhibited good pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity with inhibition rate ranged from 33.77% to 70.25% at the concentration of 100 μM. After obese mice were administrated with FM at 400 mg/kg.bw for 8 weeks, body weight was decreased by 15.81%. Moreover, FM could attenuate the lipid accumulation in serum and liver, relieve the damage in liver and kidney, and extenuate oxidative stress injury and inflammation caused by obesity in mice. FM could also modulate the structural alteration of gut microbiota in obese mice, increasing the proportion of anti-obesity gut microbiota (Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidia, S24-7 and Allobaculum), and reducing the proportion of obesogenic gut microbiota (Firmicutes and Dorea). This study suggests that F. mandshurica seeds or their secoiridoids may have potential for use as a dietary supplement for obesity management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document