scholarly journals Development of CT-Based Imaging Signature for Preoperative Prediction of Invasive Behavior in Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-peng Huang ◽  
Si-yun Liu ◽  
Yi-jing Han ◽  
Li-ming Li ◽  
Pan Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Behavior ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Arterial Model ◽  
Better Than

PurposeIt is challenging for traditional CT signs to predict invasiveness of pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (pSPN). We aim to develop and evaluate CT-based radiomics signature to preoperatively predict invasive behavior in pSPN.MethodsEighty-five patients who had pathologically confirmed pSPN and preoperative contrasted-enhanced CT imaging in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed (invasive: 24; non-invasive: 61). 1316 radiomics features were separately extracted from delineated 2D or 3D ROIs in arterial and venous phases. 200% (SMOTE) was used to generate balanced dataset (invasive: 72, non-invasive: 96) for each phase, which was for feature selection and modeling. The model was internally validated in the original dataset. Inter-observer consistency analysis, spearman correlation, univariate analysis, LASSO regression and backward stepwise logical regression were mainly applied to screen the features, and 6 logistic regression models were established based on multi-phase features from 2D or 3D segmentations. The ROC analysis and Delong’s test were mainly used for model assessment and AUC comparison.ResultsIt retained 11, 8, 7 and 7 features to construct 3D-arterial, 3D-venous, 2D-arterial and 2D-venous model. Based on 3D ROIs, the arterial model (AUC: 0.914) performed better than venous (AUC: 0.815) and the arterial-venous combined model was slightly improved (AUC: 0.918). Based on 2D ROIs, the arterial model (AUC: 0.814) performed better than venous (AUC:0.768), while the arterial-venous combined model (AUC:0.893) performed better than any single-phase model. In addition, the 3D arterial model performed better than the best combined 2D model. The Delong’s test showed that the significant difference of model AUC existed in arterial models in original dataset (p = 0.019) while not in arterial-venous combined model (p=0.49) as comparing 2D and 3D ROIs.ConclusionThe arterial radiomics model constructed by 3D-ROI feature is potential to predict the invasiveness of pSPN preoperatively.

scholarly journals Liver Resection Combined with Radiotherapy versus Liver Resection Alone in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Population-based Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xiaopeng Guo ◽  
Shi Chen ◽  
Yanqiao Ren ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Resection ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality ◽  
Better Than

Abstract BackgroundRadiotherapy has been used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) more widely. However, little research focus on comparing the efficacy of patients with liver resection combined with radiotherapy with that received liver resection alone. The study was conducted to evaluate whether the efficacy of liver resection combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of patients with HCC is better than liver resection alone.MethodsThe study utilized the data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registry (SEER-18). Patients diagnosed with HCC between 2004 and 2015 who received liver resection or the combination of liver resection and radiotherapy were included in the analysis. The propensity score matching model (PSM) was used to reduce selection bias and potential confounding factors.ResultsBefore PSM, the median overall survival (mOS) and median cancer-specific survival (mCSS) of patients treated with liver resection alone were longer than in patients treated with the combination of liver resection and radiotherapy (P<0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in mOS and mCSS between the groups after PSM (P>0.05). The subgroup analysis after PSM documented that patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage I and II who were treated with liver resection and radiotherapy had no longer mOS and mCSS than patients subjected to the combination of liver resection alone (P=0.151 and P=0.185). Similar results were obtained in the subgroup group of patients with a single tumor smaller than 5 cm. Univariate analysis showed that patients undergoing liver resection combined with radiotherapy did not have an increased all-cause mortality risk (HR:1.214, 95%CI: 0.950-1.553; P=0.122) and cancer-specific mortality risk (HR:1.132, 95%CI: 0.848-1.510; P=0.401) when compared to patients treated with liver resection alone after PSM.ConclusionThe combination of liver resection and radiotherapy does not prolong the survival of HCC patients more than liver resection alone.

scholarly journals Effects of observing real, animated and combined model on learning cognitive and motor levels of basketball jump shot in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Ghavami ◽  
Hossein Samadi ◽  
Amir Dana ◽  
Saeed Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Practice Phase ◽  
Real Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Study aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of observing the real, animated and combined model demonstrations on cognitive and motor learning of a basketball jump shot. Material and methods: Forty-five subjects with mean age of (11.03 ± 1.7) were randomly divided into three groups: real, animated and combined model demonstrations. Subjects were asked to perform basketball jump shot task during a four-step process. In total, participants shot 150 shots (10 shots in the pretest, 120 shots and 40 observations in the practice phase, and 10 shots in the posttest and the retention test). Accuracy scores and cognitive status were assessed as dependent variables. Results: Results showed that observation of real, animated and combined model demonstrations had significant effects on motor and cognitive learning of a basketball jump shot. Moreover, there was no significant difference between observing animated model and real model demonstrations at motor level, however, animated model demonstration group performed better than real model group at cognitive level. Finally, combined model demonstration group performed better than both animated and real model demonstrations groups. Conclusions: Results suggested that observing animated model demonstration is an appropriate approach for learning basketball jump shot even in children. It is also recommended to use animated model demonstration as a complement to real model.

“Real world” effectiveness of different postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in stage III colon cancer patients.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 754-754
Author(s):  
Jy Ming Chiang ◽  
Hsin Yuan Hung
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Oral Chemotherapy ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Stage Iii Colon Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Better Than

754 Background: In clinical practice, choosing oral chemotherapy or FOLFOX may depend to drug toxicity and patients’ age and comorbidities, in addition to heterogeneous stage III colon cancer. The benefit of oxaliplatin in the real world practice remained further clarified. Methods: 688 stage III colon cancer patients were collected. Treatment outcomes were retrospectively compared based on the type of chemotherapy in terms of OS and DFS. Multivariate Cox-regression modeling was used to adjust for the potential confounders. Results: This study included capecitabine (259 patients), fluorouracil-leucovorin plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) (283 patients) and Tegafur-uracil(146 patients). Comparing patients with capecitabine and tegafur regimens, patients receiving FOLFOX were significantly younger (mean age 56.5 yrs v.s. 65,1 yrs and 66,9 yrs ), more poor differentiation (15.9% v.s. 8.1% and 8.2%), deeper tumor invasion (T4 lesion 25.1% v.s. 15.8% and 17.1%), more advanced nodal involvement (N2/3 51.9% v.s. 18.1% and 20.5%) and had less comorbidity (50.2% v.s. 61.4% and 65.1%). Rate of completeness of chemotherapies (88.0% v.s. 87.6% and 81.5%) was no significant difference. Comparing treatment outcome, by univariate analysis, demonstrated significant (p = 0.0258) difference in OS for N2/3 patients but no difference in N1 patiens. However, by balancing confounding factors including co-morbidities, multivariate analysis showed that impact on overall survival in patients receiving capecitabine was statistically significant better than Tegafur (HR = 0.59, p = 0. 03) while no difference comparing with FOLFOX regimen (HR = 0.76, p = 0.3219). However, disease free survival (DFS) was no significantly different for FOLFOX comparing with capecitabine HR 0.97 and Tegafur HR 0.89 by multivariate Cox regression analyses. Conclusions: As post-operative adjuvant setting, oral chemotherapy either Capecitabine or Tegafur-uracil showed similar effectiveness as folfox in terms of DFS while in terms of OS, Capecitabine demonstrated similar effectiveness to folfox but better than Tegafur-urecil.

scholarly journals Prognostic role of positron emission tomography and computed tomography parameters in stage I lung adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-284
Author(s):  
Angelo Carretta ◽  
Alessandro Bandiera ◽  
Piergiorgio Muriana ◽  
Stefano Viscardi ◽  
Paola Ciriaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Invasive Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundAccording to the current pathological classification, lung adenocarcinoma includes histological subtypes with significantly different prognoses, which may require specific surgical approaches. The aim of the study was to assess the role of CT and PET parameters in stratifying patients with stage I adenocarcinoma according to prognosis.Patients and methodsFifty-eight patients with pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally-invasive adenocarcinoma were grouped as non-invasive adenocarcinoma. Other histotypes were referred as invasive adenocarcinoma. CT scan assessed parameters were: ground glass opacity (GGO) ratio, tumour disappearance rate (TDR) and consolidation diameter. The prognostic role of the following PET parameters was also assessed: standardized uptake value (SUV) max, SUVindex (SUVmax to liver SUVratio), metabolic tumour volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG).ResultsSeven patients had a non-invasive adenocarcinoma and 51 an invasive adenocarcinoma. Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for non-invasive and invasive adenocarcinoma were 100% and 100%, 70% and 91%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed a significant difference in SUVmax, SUVindex, GGO ratio and TDR ratio values between non-invasive and invasive adenocarcinoma groups. Optimal SUVmax, SUVindex, GGO ratio and TDR cut-off ratios to predict invasive tumours were 2.6, 0.9, 40% and 56%, respectively. TLG, SUVmax, SUVindex significantly correlated with cancer specific survival.ConclusionsCT and PET scan parameters may differentiate between non-invasive and invasive stage I adenocarcinomas. If these data are confirmed in larger series, surgical strategy may be selected on the basis of preoperative imaging.

The interaction between dietary approaches to stop hypertension and MC4R gene variant in predicting cardiovascular risk factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Habib Yarizadeh ◽  
Alireza Bahiraee ◽  
Sara Asadi ◽  
Niloofar Sadat Maddahi ◽  
Leila Setayesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Adherence

Abstract. Objective: The genetic variants near the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R), a key protein regulating energy balance and adiposity, have been related to obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. However, qualitative and quantitative aspects of diet may modulate the association of this polymorphism with obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate interactions among MC4R rs17782313, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and risk factors for CVDs. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 266 Iranian women categorized by body mass index (BMI) range of 25–40 kg/m2 as overweight or obese. CVD risk factors included waist circumference (WC), lipid profile, blood pressure, insulin circulation and fasting blood sugar (FBS). Insulin and FBS were used to calculate homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) Body composition was assessed by a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer, InBody 770 scanner. Results: The findings of this study show that high adherence to the DASH diet in the CC groups were associated with decreased SBP and DBP compared to the TT group. In addition, a significant difference between women with high adherence to the DASH diet compared to low adherence was observed for body weight (p < 0.001), fat free mass (FFM) (p = 0.01) and BMI (p = 0.02). Women with the CC genotype had higher insulin (mg/dl) (mean and SD, for TT: 14.6 ± 4.6, TC: 17.3 ± 9.2, CC: 15.3 ± 4.8, p = 0.04) and HOMA-IR (mean for and SD, TT: 3.1 ± 1.07, TC: 3.9 ± 2.4, CC: 3.2 ± 1.1, p = 0.01) than TT group. Inclusion of potential confounding variables (age, physical activity, BMI and daily caloric intake) did not attenuate the difference. Conclusion: Among overweight/obese Iranian women with the CC genotype, incorporating the DASH diet may serve as a dietary prescription to decrease CVD risk. A dietary intervention trial is warranted.

Transplantation of coral fragment, Acropora formosa (Scleractinia)

2014 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hanny Tioho ◽  
Maykel A.J Karauwan
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Size ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acropora Formosa ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Better Than

The minimum size of coral transplants, Acropora formosa, was assessed to support their survival and growth. For this, 150 coral fragments of different sizes (5, 10, 15 cm) were transplanted close to the donor colony. Their survivorship and growth were observed for 12 months. At the end of the observation time, 90% of 15 cm-transplanted coral fragments survived, while the others (10cm and 5 cm) did 86% and 82% respectively. The average growth rate of 5 cm-coral fragments was 0.860 cm/month, while 10 and 15 cm-fragments were 0.984 cm/month and 1.108 cm/month respectively. One-way ANOVA showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) among the three (5, 10, 15 cm) transplant initial sizes in which the longest fragment size tended to survive longer than the smaller one.  However, the smaller transplants grew better than the bigger one, 10.318 cm/year (206%) for 5 cm-transplant, 11.803 cm/year (118%) for 10 cm-transplant, and 13.299 cm/year (89%) for 15 cm-transplant, respectively. Ukuran minimal fragmen karang Acropora formosa yang ditransplantasi diduga untuk mendukung ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhannya. Untuk itu, 150 fragmen karang ditransplantasi ke lokasi yang berdekatan dengan koloni induknya.  Ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhan semua fragmen karang yang ditransplantasi diamati selama 12 bulan.  Pada akhir pengamatan, 90% dari fragmen karang berukuran 15 cm yang ditransplantasi dapat bertahan hidup, sedangkan yang lainnya (ukuran 10 cm dan 5 cm) masing-masing sebesar 86% dan 82%.  Rata-rata laju pertumbuhan fragmen karang dengan ukuran awal 5 cm adalah 0,860 cm/bulan, sedangkan ukuran fragmen 10 dan 15 cm masing-masing adalah 0,984 cm/bulan and 1,108 cm/bulan. ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata (p<0.05) antara ketiga ukuran fragmen yang berbeda, di mana ukuran fragmen karang yang lebih panjang cenderung mempunyai ketahanan hidup yang lebih baik. Namun demikian, ukuran transplant yang lebih kecil memiliki pertumbuhan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ukuran yang lebih besar, yakni10,318 cm/tahun (206%) untuk transplant berukuran 5 cm, 11,803 cm/tahun (118%) untuk 10 cm, dan 13,299 cm/tahun (89%) untuk ukuran 15 cm.

Isolation of an Anti-fatigue Preparation from Cellulase-treated Maca by Hydroalcoholic Extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Zheng Yue ◽  
Zhang Wen-Cheng ◽  
Wu Ze-Yu ◽  
Fu Chuan-Xiang ◽  
Gao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue activity of maca hydroalcoholic extract (ME), which mainly contains macamides and polysaccharides. ME was prepared by circumfluence extraction with enzymatic pre-treatment. Anti-fatigue activity of ME was investigated in weight-loaded forced swimming mice, with pure macamides and commercially available maca tablet as positive control. Compared with normal group, pure macamides treatment group could prolong the swimming time to exhaustion, but there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05); while ME (middle-dose and high-dose groups) could effectively prolong the swimming durations (P < 0.05). Supplementation with pure macamides significantly decreased blood lactic acid (BLA), whereas ME significantly increased hepatic glycogen (HG), decreased BLA, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) compared with those in normal control (P < 0.05). The results suggested that the anti-fatigue effect of ME was better than that of pure macamides, which can be explained by the increase of glycogen storage and the reduction of metabolites accumulation.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS WITH REFERENCE TO GENDER

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Chandel ◽  
Seema Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Understanding Emotions ◽  
School Records ◽  
Better Than

The present study was undertaken to find out emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female adolescents. The sample consists of 82 students( 41 male and 41 female adolescents) from different schools in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. Emotional intelligence was assessed with the help of Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Singh and Narain (2014) and academic achievement score were taken from the school records. The results revealed that there exists a significant difference in emotional intelligence of male and female adolescents. It was found that there existed significant difference in academic achievement of female adolescents and male adolescents. The mean emotional intelligence of female adolescents was better than of male adolescents. On the dimensions of emotional intelligence, it was found that there was no significant difference between male and female adolescents on understanding emotions, empathy and handling relations dimensions of emotional intelligence; while it was reported that there was significant difference between male and female adolescents on understanding motivation dimension of emotional intelligence On the other hand, it was found that there existed significant difference in academic achievement of female adolescents and male adolescents.

scholarly journals SURG-22. CUSHING’S DISEASE: A DIFFICULT TO TREAT NEURO-ONCOLOGICAL CONDITION

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi244-vi244
Author(s):  
Santanu Bora ◽  
Ashish Suri
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Level ◽  
Cushing Disease ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Microscopic Surgery ◽  
Acth Secreting ◽  
Better Than

Abstract BACKGROUND Cushing disease (CD) comprises a spectrum of clinical manifestations secondary to hypercortisolism due to ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Transsphenoidal adenomectomy remains the standard treatment. Because of the significant rate of recurrence or persistence of CD, it is of interest to determine factors that may correlate with long-term outcomes following surgical intervention. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study is to determine the remission rate after surgery with special emphasis on factors affecting remission. METHODS Data of all patients undergoing surgery for CD from 2009 to 2017 was analyzed retrospectively. Transphenoidal resection was the preferred treatment with a recent trend in favor of endonasal endoscopic skull base approach. Post-operative cortisol level of < 2 μg/dL was taken as remission and value between 2 and 5 μg/dL as possible remission. RESULTS 104 patients operated primarily for CD were included for analysis. 47 patients underwent microscopic surgery, 55 endoscopic surgery and two were operated trans-cranially. Remission was achieved in 76.47% of patients. In univariate analysis, factors significantly associated with remission were (1) type of surgery (p=0.01); endoscopy (88.23% remission) better than microscopy (56.6% remission) (2) postoperative day-1 morning cortisol (p=0.004) and; (3) postoperative day-1 morning ACTH (p=0.015). In multivariate analysis, however only postoperative day-1 cortisol was found to be significant as predictor of remission (p=0.02). CONCLUSION Postoperative plasma cortisol level is a strong independent predictor of remission and value less than 10.7µgm/dl can be taken as cut off for predicting remission. Remission provided by endoscopy appears to be significantly better than microscopic approach.

scholarly journals A global non-invasive methodology for the phenotyping of potato under water deficit conditions using imaging, physiological and molecular tools

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Musse ◽  
G. Hajjar ◽  
N. Ali ◽  
B. Billiot ◽  
G. Joly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Growth ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Drought is a major consequence of global heating that has negative impacts on agriculture. Potato is a drought-sensitive crop; tuber growth and dry matter content may both be impacted. Moreover, water deficit can induce physiological disorders such as glassy tubers and internal rust spots. The response of potato plants to drought is complex and can be affected by cultivar type, climatic and soil conditions, and the point at which water stress occurs during growth. The characterization of adaptive responses in plants presents a major phenotyping challenge. There is therefore a demand for the development of non-invasive analytical techniques to improve phenotyping. Results This project aimed to take advantage of innovative approaches in MRI, phenotyping and molecular biology to evaluate the effects of water stress on potato plants during growth. Plants were cultivated in pots under different water conditions. A control group of plants were cultivated under optimal water uptake conditions. Other groups were cultivated under mild and severe water deficiency conditions (40 and 20% of field capacity, respectively) applied at different tuber growth phases (initiation, filling). Water stress was evaluated by monitoring soil water potential. Two fully-equipped imaging cabinets were set up to characterize plant morphology using high definition color cameras (top and side views) and to measure plant stress using RGB cameras. The response of potato plants to water stress depended on the intensity and duration of the stress. Three-dimensional morphological images of the underground organs of potato plants in pots were recorded using a 1.5 T MRI scanner. A significant difference in growth kinetics was observed at the early growth stages between the control and stressed plants. Quantitative PCR analysis was carried out at molecular level on the expression patterns of selected drought-responsive genes. Variations in stress levels were seen to modulate ABA and drought-responsive ABA-dependent and ABA-independent genes. Conclusions This methodology, when applied to the phenotyping of potato under water deficit conditions, provides a quantitative analysis of leaves and tubers properties at microstructural and molecular levels. The approaches thus developed could therefore be effective in the multi-scale characterization of plant response to water stress, from organ development to gene expression.

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