Isolation of an Anti-fatigue Preparation from Cellulase-treated Maca by Hydroalcoholic Extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Zheng Yue ◽  
Zhang Wen-Cheng ◽  
Wu Ze-Yu ◽  
Fu Chuan-Xiang ◽  
Gao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue activity of maca hydroalcoholic extract (ME), which mainly contains macamides and polysaccharides. ME was prepared by circumfluence extraction with enzymatic pre-treatment. Anti-fatigue activity of ME was investigated in weight-loaded forced swimming mice, with pure macamides and commercially available maca tablet as positive control. Compared with normal group, pure macamides treatment group could prolong the swimming time to exhaustion, but there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05); while ME (middle-dose and high-dose groups) could effectively prolong the swimming durations (P < 0.05). Supplementation with pure macamides significantly decreased blood lactic acid (BLA), whereas ME significantly increased hepatic glycogen (HG), decreased BLA, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) compared with those in normal control (P < 0.05). The results suggested that the anti-fatigue effect of ME was better than that of pure macamides, which can be explained by the increase of glycogen storage and the reduction of metabolites accumulation.

scholarly journals Effects of Industrial Waste Fish Oil Administration on Interleukin-6 (Il-6) Expression at Mice Colon being Induced by Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2227-2233
Author(s):  
Kevin Tjoa ◽  
Kusmardi Kusmardi ◽  
Yurnadi Hanafi Midoen
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Solvent Control ◽  
Medium Dose

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world’s third most cancer and the second highest mortality rate. The searching for new anti-inflammation substances with less adverse effects than aspirin for chemoprevention and adjuvant chemotherapy of CRC is running. The most notable one is fish oil containing omega 3. Kusmardi, et al. studied that industrial waste fish oil omega-3 level comes close enough to conventional fish oil industry. Study aims to reducing the level IL-6 on mice colon tissue being induced CRC using AOM/DSS by fish oil administration. Thirty male Swiss Webster mice are grouped into six treatments: positive control (aspirin), negative control (physiological saline), normal, high dose (fish oil 6mg/kgBW), medium dose (fish oil 3mg/kgBW), dan solvent control (corn oil). Colon tissue was stained using anti IL-6 antibody. Ten photos per slide were taken by microscope (400x), analyzed for the IL-6 expression by ImageJ®, and quantified for H-score. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0 (CI 95%) and p-value <0.05 is consider significant. Data are not normally distributed with median of 161.64 (119.4-260.67). Kruskal-Wallis test is significant in addition with Mann-Whitney test shows only high dose group has significant difference to negative control (p=0.008), medium dose (p=0.016) dan and solvent control (p=0.008). No significant difference reported between high dose and positive control group (p=0.69). High dose industrial waste fish oil can lower IL-6 expression in mice colon tissue induced CRC using AOM/DSS.

scholarly journals Body Weight Determination and Histological Examination of Livers in Normal Rats Administered with Tamsulosin

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1335-1340
Author(s):  
M. Dikko ◽  
Y. Sarkingobir
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Liver Histopathology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liver Morphology

The objective of this study was to investigate histopathology of livers and carry out body weight determination in normal rats administered with  tamsulosin. Standard methods and procedures were used in this study. The results were revealed. Pertaining weight, at the 3rd , 6th and 8th weeks of the study, no significant difference (P>0.05) in weight was found in the group of rats treated with carvedilol (positive control), tamsulosin low dose (12μg/kg) and high dose tamsulosin (40μg/kg) compared to normal control group, respectively. Other inter-groups comparisons were not significantly different, respectively. Pertaining liver morphology, liver sections of groups revealed no significant histological lesions compared to the normal control group at the 6th and 8th weeks of the study, respectively. This study revealed that the tamsulosin cause no histopathological lesion, thus the drug might be safe to the liver and its biochemical processes. Keywords: Tamsulosin, Liver, histopathology, weight, Wistar rats

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS MUKOLITIK EKSTRAK UMBI BAWANG DAYAK (Eleuherine bulbosa (Mill) Urb) SECARA IN VITRO PADA USUS SAPI

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Zulmai Rani ◽  
Robiatun Rambe
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Test Solution ◽  
Equivalent Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Tuber Extract ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Positive Controls

Dayak Onions are a typical Borneo plant that have been used by generations of Dayaks as herbal medicine. Empirically, tubers can be used as cough medicines. The purpose of this study was to determine the mucolytic effect of Dayak onion tuber extract by in vitro and the concentration range which gaves an equivalent effect with the effect of 0.1% acetylcysteine. This study conducted extraction using maceration and mucolytic effectiveness by in vitro to reduce the viscosity of cattle mucus. The test solution was made with a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% mixed with a mucus-phosphate buffer pH 7 20:80. The test solution was incubated for 30 minutes at 37oC. Further, positive control used was 0.1% acetylcysteine drug and the negative control was mucus solution without extract. Viscosity values obtained were analyzed using the One-way Anova statistical test with a confidence level of 99% (α 0.01). Based on the results, it was revealed that the extract of Dayak tuber with a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% showed a significant difference and a concentration of 0.5%.  Mucolytic effectiveness was better than positive controls (acetylcysteine).

Anti-Fatigue Effect of Ginseng and Acanthopanax Senticosus Extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 1658-1663
Author(s):  
Li Ping An ◽  
Tan Cheng Li ◽  
Yan Ju Liu ◽  
Xiao Tong Shao ◽  
Meng Chuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Acanthopanax Senticosus ◽  
Fatigue Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of study was to optimize the extraction process of ginsenosides and investigate the anti-fatigue effect of ginseng and acanthopanax extracts. Orthogonal test was used to optimize the extraction process, loading swimming experiment was used to observe the ant-fatigue effect, and BUN, LDH, CK, glycogen, T-SOD, MDA, GSH-Px and LD were taken as the anti-fatigue indeses to be observed. The yield of ginsenoside was 3.8%. The swimming time of mice in the treatment group was significantly prolonged compared with that in the control group (P< 0.05). The hepatic glycogen storage, LDH, GSH-PX and SOD in the treatment groups were obviously increased (P<0.05). Serum MDA and LD levels in the treatment groups were decreased, but no statistical significance compared with those in the control group. The serum BUN was significantly decreased in the middle-dose group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum CK between the treatment groups and the control group.LDH levels in the middle-dose and high-dose groups were significantly different from those in the control group. The ginseng and acanthopanax extracts can exert its anti-fatigue effect through increasing the amount of liver glycogen reserve and reducing the damage of negative metabolic products caused by an excessive exercise to the body.

scholarly journals Metabolic effects of a prolonged, very-high-dose dietary fructose challenge in healthy subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Smajis ◽  
Martin Gajdošík ◽  
Lorenz Pfleger ◽  
Stefan Traussnigg ◽  
Christian Kienbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fructose Intake ◽  
High Fructose

ABSTRACT Background Increased fructose intake has been associated with metabolic consequences such as impaired hepatic lipid metabolism and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the role of fructose in glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Methods Ten healthy subjects (age: 28 ± 19 y; BMI: 22.2 ± 0.7 kg/m2) underwent comprehensive metabolic phenotyping prior to and 8 wk following a high-fructose diet (150 g daily). Eleven patients with NAFLD (age: 39.4 ± 3.95 y; BMI: 28.4 ± 1.25) were characterized as “positive controls.” Insulin sensitivity was analyzed by a 2-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, and postprandial interorgan crosstalk of lipid and glucose metabolism was evaluated, by determining postprandial hepatic and intra-myocellular lipid and glycogen accumulation, employing magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 7 T. Myocardial lipid content and myocardial function were assessed by 1H MRS imaging and MRI at 3 T. Results High fructose intake resulted in lower intake of other dietary sugars and did not increase total daily energy intake. Ectopic lipid deposition and postprandial glycogen storage in the liver and skeletal muscle were not altered. Postprandial changes in hepatic lipids were measured [Δhepatocellular lipid (HCL)_healthy_baseline: −15.9 ± 10.7 compared with ± ΔHCL_healthy_follow-up: −6.9 ± 4.6; P = 0.17] and hepatic glycogen (Δglycogen_baseline: 64.4 ± 14.1 compared with Δglycogen_follow-up: 51.1 ± 9.8; P = 0.42). Myocardial function and myocardial mass remained stable. As expected, impaired hepatic glycogen storage and increased ectopic lipid storage in the liver and skeletal muscle were observed in insulin-resistant patients with NAFLD. Conclusions Ingestion of a high dose of fructose for 8 wk was not associated with relevant metabolic consequences in the presence of a stable energy intake, slightly lower body weight, and potentially incomplete absorption of the orally administered fructose load. This indicated that young, metabolically healthy subjects can at least temporarily compensate for increased fructose intake. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02075164.

The Anti-Fatigue Effect of Black Soybean Peptide in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1475-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
En Qi Liu ◽  
Yong Hua Wu ◽  
Shang Long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Black Soybean ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Fatigue Effect ◽  
Active Peptides ◽  
Activity Evaluation

The anti-fatigue activity evaluation was carried out with black soybean peptide in mice. The results show that, the middle and high dose active peptides can significantly （P＜0.01） prolong swimming time, blood lactic acid can be reduced notable （P＜0.01）, and improving the liver glycogen storage status greatly （P＜0.01） by infusing with black soybean peptide. The results suggest that black soybean peptide has obvious anti-fatigue effect, and the anti-fatigue action will improve by increasing dose.

scholarly journals Comparison of Side Effects of the 2015–2016 High-Dose, Inactivated, Trivalent Influenza Vaccine and Standard Dose, Inactivated, Trivalent Influenza Vaccine in Adults ≥65 Years

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjum S. Kaka ◽  
Gregory A. Filice ◽  
Sharon Myllenbeck ◽  
Kristin L. Nichol
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Severe Side Effect ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Trivalent Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Assistants ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background High-dose, inactivated, trivalent influenza vaccine (HD) is associated with higher rates of side effects than standard dose (SD) vaccine, which may represent a barrier to use. Methods We surveyed subjects ≥65 years who received either HD or SD vaccine at the Minneapolis Veteran Affairs Health Care System clinics on October 27, 28, or 29, 2015. Research assistants conducted a 17-item telephone survey of influenza vaccine recipients to inquire about self-reported health and symptoms experienced the week after vaccination. Results A total of 547 HD recipients and 541 SD recipients responded to the survey. The 2 groups were similar at baseline with respect to age, gender, and presence of high-risk medical conditions. At least ≥95% of individuals in both HD and SD groups reported that their overall health was the same or better than usual during the week after vaccination. Thirty-seven percent of HD recipients and 22% of SD recipients reported a local or systemic side effect (P &lt; .001), most of which were mild to moderate. Only 7 of 547 (1.3%) HD recipients and 3 of 541 (0.6%) SD recipients reported a severe side effect (P = .34). There was no significant difference in healthcare visits between the groups. Conclusions Side effects were more common among subjects ≥65 years who received HD influenza vaccine compared with SD vaccine. These side effects were well tolerated and were not associated with impairment of general health status. These findings should reassure patients and their providers of the safety and tolerability of the HD influenza vaccine.

scholarly journals Anti-fatigue effect of L-arginine complex preparation on mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Tan ◽  
Xiaodong Dong ◽  
Junfeng Zhai ◽  
Yaxian Gu ◽  
Honghui Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Fatigue Effect ◽  
Complex Preparation

Objective: To investigate the anti-fatigue effect of L-arginine complex preparation on mice. Methods: The experimental mice were divided into a blank group, low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group. L-arginine complex preparation mice were intragastrically administered for 30 days, and the mice were tested for exhaustive swimming time. At the same time, contents of plasma lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase, urea nitrogen and hepatic glycogen were measured. Results: Compared with the blank control group, the weight-bearing swimming time and hypoxia-tolerant survival time of the low, middle and high dose groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). Whereas, the serum urea nitrogen levels and lactose content were significantly decreased (P<0.05). However, compared with the blank control group, the liver glycogen content of the middle and high dose groups was increased significantly (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the low dose group. Conclusion: The L-arginine complex preparation has an anti-fatigue function in mice.

Cytoprotective Effect of Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction and α-Tocopherol Vitamin E Isoforms Against Glutamate-Induced Cell Death in Neuronal Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 0140-0151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilaga Rati Selvaraju ◽  
Huzwah Khaza’ai ◽  
Sharmili Vidyadaran ◽  
Mohd Sokhini Abd Mutalib ◽  
Vasudevan Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Tocotrienol Rich Fraction ◽  
Major Mediator

Glutamate is the major mediator of excitatory signals in the mammalian central nervous system. Extreme amounts of glutamate in the extracellular spaces can lead to numerous neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to clarify the potential of the following vitamin E isomers, tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol (α-TCP), as potent neuroprotective agents against glutamate-induced injury in neuronal SK-N-SH cells. Cells were treated before and after glutamate injury (pre- and post-treatment, respectively) with 100 - 300 ng/ml TRF/α-TCP. Exposure to 120 mM glutamate significantly reduced cell viability to 76 % and 79 % in the pre- and post-treatment studies, respectively; however, pre- and post-treatment with TRF/α-TCP attenuated the cytotoxic effect of glutamate. Compared to the positive control (glutamate-injured cells not treated with TRF/α-TCP), pre-treatment with 100, 200, and 300 ng/ml TRF significantly improved cell viability following glutamate injury to 95.2 %, 95.0 %, and 95.6 %, respectively (p < 0.05).The isomers not only conferred neuroprotection by enhancing mitochondrial activity and depleting free radical production, but also increased cell viability and recovery upon glutamate insult. Our results suggest that vitamin E has potent antioxidant potential for protecting against glutamate injury and recovering glutamate-injured neuronal cells. Our findings also indicate that both TRF and α-TCP could play key roles as anti-apoptotic agents with neuroprotective properties.

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