scholarly journals Associations Between Single-Child Status and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manman Chen ◽  
Yanhui Li ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
Zhaogeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Single Child ◽  
Urban Boys

Objective: To evaluate the associations between single-child status and metabolic syndrome (MS) and to identify the highest risk group of MS among single children.Methods: Differences in participants' characteristics by sex were examined by Student's t-test for continuous variables and Pearson's chi-squared test for categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for MS and its components according to the single-child status. Radar maps were used to compare the composition of different components in MS.Results: In total, 11,784 (5,880 boys) children and adolescents were included in this study, with a mean age of (11.3 ± 3.1) years. MS was observed in 7.1% of participants, with a higher prevalence in boys (8.2%) than girls (5.9%) (P < 0.05). The prevalence of MS, elevated blood pressure and abdominal obesity in single children were higher than that in children with siblings, particularly in boys (P < 0.001). Elevated risk of abdominal obesity was observed in single children [boys (1.56, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.85), girls (1.40, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.63)], however, increased ORs of elevated blood pressure and metabolic syndrome were observed in single-child boys only (1.19, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.40 and 1.76, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.31, respectively). Results showed that a statistically significant association between single child status and MS was mainly observed in urban boys (2.04, 95% CI: 1.33, 3.12) and rural boys (1.50, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.15), but not in girls. Among all the combinations of MS, two combinations were significantly associated with the single-child status, including the combination of elevated blood pressure, abdominal and low HDL-C (1.45, 1.04, 2.04) and the combination of elevated blood pressure, abdominal obesity, low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia (2.04, 1.40, 3.06) (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The present study found that single children and adolescents had a higher risk of MS, elevated blood pressure and abdominal obesity. The associations were stronger in urban boys. Further attention should be directed to the prevention and control strategies targeting the high-risk population of MS.

scholarly journals OR22-04 Relationship of TSH Levels with the Components of Metabolic Syndrome in a Nationally Representative Population of Youth in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlei Chen ◽  
Shuliang Deng ◽  
Vidhu V Thaker
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined as elevated TSH with normal thyroid levels, and is often associated with obesity. SH has been linked to cardiometabolic risk factors such as abnormal lipids, elevated blood pressure, atherosclerosis and fatty liver. This study sought to elucidate the association of TSH level with the components of metabolic syndrome independent of BMI in children from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: NHANES surveys 1999-01 and 2007-12 that measured thyroid function tests were included in the study. Youth aged 2-18 years with TSH levels < 10 uU/mL and normal Total T4 (TT4) levels were included in the analysis. The components of metabolic syndrome were defined as abdominal obesity (waist circumference > 95th %tile), hypertriglyceridemia (TG >=100 for 0-9 years and >=130 mg/dL for > 10 years), low HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dL), elevated blood pressure (> 95th %tile for age/sex/height) and hyperglycemia (FBG > 100 mg/dL, or diagnosis of diabetes). The association of these components with quartiles of TSH were examined by logistic and linear regression controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity and BMI. All analyses were performed in R v3.5.1. Results: After excluding youth with TSH >10 uU/mL and TT4 levels < 12.4 mcg/dL, 2377 subjects (50% female) were included in the study. The mean age of the cohort was 15 ± 1.7 years; 28.2 % were non-hispanic whites and 38.5 % hispanic/latino. Obesity (BMI >95 %tile) was seen in 21.7% individuals. There were 44 subjects with TSH levels >4.5 uU/mL that was not different by BMI (2.5% in BMI >95%tile and 1.7% BMI < 95%tile, p = 0.29). Based on the distribution in the population, TSH levels were divided into 4 quartiles: Q1= 0.01-0.97, Q2= 0.98-1.42, Q3=1.43-2.0, Q4 = > 2.01 uU/mL. A statistically significant association of the Q4 TSH was seen with abdominal obesity, OR 2.44 (1.38-4.39), p=0.002 and elevated BP, OR 1.6 (1.06-2.44), p = 0.02 but not with high TG, OR 1.58 (0.93-2.75), p=0.09, low HDL, OR 0.84 (0.6-1.17), p = 0.31 or those with hyperglycemia and/or diabetes, OR = 1.25 (0.78-2.05), p = 0.36. Linear regression models showed statistically significant association of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated BP and hyperglycemia (and/or diabetes) with increase in TSH level. Conclusions: In children from a representative US population, the prevalence of SH defined as TSH level >4.5 uU/mL is low, even with BMI >95th %tile. The association of measures of metabolic syndrome with linear increase in TSH suggests that the current reference range may require modification.

scholarly journals Sex, BMI and age differences in metabolic syndrome: the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra N Slagter ◽  
Robert P van Waateringe ◽  
André P van Beek ◽  
Melanie M van der Klauw ◽  
Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components within sex-, body mass index (BMI)- and age combined clusters. In addition, we used the age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds to demonstrate the effect on the prevalence of MetS and elevated blood pressure. Subjects and methods Cross-sectional data from 74,531 Western European participants, aged 18–79 years, were used from the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. MetS was defined according to the revised NCEP-ATPIII. Age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds were defined as recommended by the eight reports of the Joint National Committee (≥140/90 mmHg for those aged <60 years, and ≥150/90 mmHg for those aged ≥60 years). Results 19.2% men and 12.1% women had MetS. MetS prevalence increased with BMI and age. Independent of BMI, abdominal obesity dominated MetS prevalence especially in women, while elevated blood pressure was already highly prevalent among young men. Applying age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds resulted in a 0.2–11.9% prevalence drop in MetS and 6.0–36.3% prevalence drop in elevated blood pressure, within the combined sex, BMI and age clusters. Conclusions We observed a gender disparity with age and BMI for the prevalence of MetS and, especially, abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure. The strict threshold level for elevated blood pressure in the revised NCEP-ATPIII, results in an overestimation of MetS prevalence.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of metabolic syndrome and its individual components with risk of atrial fibrillation in different populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zheng ◽  
Zengshuo Xie ◽  
Jiayong Li ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Wenting Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Recent studies have reported the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components on atrial fibrillation (AF), but the results remain controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between MetS and AF risk. Methods Studies were searched from the Cochrane library, PubMed, and Embase databases through May 2020. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and then pooled by using a random effects model. Results A total of 6 observational cohort studies were finally included. In the pooled analysis, MetS was associated with an increased risk of AF (HR 1.57; 95% CI 1.40–1.77; P < 0.01). And the components of MetS including abdominal obesity (HR 1.37; 95% CI 1.36–1.38; P < 0.01), elevated blood pressure (HR 1.56; 95% CI 1.46–1.66; P < 0.01), elevated fasting glucose (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.15–1.21; P < 0.01) and low high density cholesterol (HDL) (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.06–1.32; P < 0.01) was also associated with an increased risk of AF, while high triglyceride (HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.87–1.11, P = 0.82) was not. Conclusions Our present meta-analysis suggested that MetS, as well as its components including abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose and low HDL cholesterol were associated with an increase in the risk of AF.

scholarly journals Association between 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion and the metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: the Shandong and Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension (SMASH) study

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Ge ◽  
Xiaolei Guo ◽  
Xiaorong Chen ◽  
Junli Tang ◽  
Liuxia Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Hdl

The association of 24 h urinary Na and potassium excretion with the risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been studied in China. The aim of the present study was to examine this association by analysing the data from 1906 study participants living in north China. To this end, 24 h urine samples were collected. Of the 1906 participants, 471 (24·7 %) had the MetS. The mean urinary Na and K excretion was 228·7 and 40·8 mmol/d, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the odds of the MetS significantly increased across the increasing tertiles of urinary Na excretion (1·00, 1·40 and 1·54, respectively). For the components of the MetS, the odds of central obesity, elevated blood pressure and elevated TAG, but not the odds of low HDL-cholesterol and elevated fasting glucose, significantly increased with the successive tertiles of urinary Na excretion. Furthermore, for every 100 mmol/d increase in urinary Na excretion, the odds of the MetS, central obesity, elevated blood pressure and elevated TAG was significantly increased by 29, 63, 22 and 21 %, respectively. However, urinary K excretion was not significantly associated with the risk of the MetS. These findings suggest that high Na intake might be an important risk factor for the MetS in Chinese adults.

scholarly journals The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Longitudinal Cohort Study in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwon ◽  
Kim ◽  
Kim ◽  
Kim ◽  
Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
National Health ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Aims: To evaluate the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) status on the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in Koreans. Methods and results: Data obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2016 were analyzed. In total, 7,830,602 men and women (between 30 and 69 years of age) without baseline AF who underwent a national health examination between January 2009 and December 2009 were enrolled. Patients were evaluated to determine the impact of MetS status on their risk of developing AF until December 2016. Using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, patients were placed into one of three groups depending on MetS component numbers: 0 (normal), 1–2 (Pre-MetS) or 3–5 (MetS). During a mean follow-up of 7.3 years, 20,708 subjects (0.26%) were diagnosed with AF. After multivariable adjustment, the risk of AF was significantly and positively correlated with MetS status (hazard ratios (HR) 1.391, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.322–1.464 in Pre-MetS and HR 1.722, 95% CI 1.621–1.829 in MetS). When subgroup analyses were conducted according to MetS components, abdominal obesity (HR 1.316, p < 0.001), elevated blood pressure (HR 1.451, p < 0.001), and elevated fasting glucose (HR 1.163, p < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of AF. Conclusion: MetS and pre-MetS are significantly associated with an increased risk of AF in Korean adults. Of the MetS components, abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting glucose are potent risk factors for the risk of AF in this population.

Components Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Khan MMR ◽  
Sana NK ◽  
PM Basak ◽  
BC Sarker ◽  
M Akhtarul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Hdl

Background: Metabolic syndrome confers the risk of developing acute myocardial infarction which is the most common form of coronary heart disease and the single most important cause of premature death worldwide. The frequency and association of different components of metabolic syndrome on AMI are not well understood and has not been well evaluated.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the components of the metabolic syndrome and its association with AMI patients. This study will help in awareness building in reducing AMI by early detection of components of metabolic syndrome.Patients and methods: This was a prospective observational study consisted of 325 AMI patients who were aged >20 years. Patients with first time AMI arriving in CCU of Rajshahi medical college during the period of 2012-2014, were included. Data were collected through interview, clinical examination, and laboratory tests within 24 hrs of AMI. Five components of metabolic syndrome were defined according to criteria set by modified NCEP ATP III (according to ethnic variation).Results: In AMI patients (n=325), no metabolic components were in 24 (7.4%) patients, one in 53 (16.3%), 2 components in 91(28.0%), 3 components were in 61(18.8%), 4 in 67(20.6%) and all 5 components were in 29 (8.9%) patients. In this study, there was no component in 7.4% of AMI patients, at least 1 component was 92.6%, at least 2 components were 76.3%, at least 3 components were 48.3%, at least 4 components were 29.5% and at least 5 components were 8.9%. The Metabolic syndrome was 48.3% (n=157). Among metabolic syndrome (≥3 components) in AMI (n=157, 48.3%) 4 components (20.6%) were more, next was 3 components (18.8%) and than 5 components (8.9%). Overall frequencies of components in acute myocardial infarction (n=325) were in order of abdominal obesity (54.8%) > high blood pressure (54.5%) > high FPG (54.2%) > Triglyceride (46.2%) and low HDL-C (46.2%) in acute myocardial infarction. Highest percentage was observed in abdominal obesity (54.8%) followed by high blood pressure (54.5%) and FPG (54.2%).TAJ 2016; 29(2): 6-10

The triglycerides and glucose index is associated with elevated blood pressure in apparently healthy children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (7) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Simental-Mendía ◽  
Gabriela Hernández-Ronquillo ◽  
Claudia I. Gamboa-Gómez ◽  
Rita Gómez-Díaz ◽  
Martha Rodríguez-Morán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Apparently Healthy

scholarly journals Na+-sensitive elevation in blood pressure is ENaC independent in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (9) ◽  
pp. F812-F820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Nizar ◽  
Wuxing Dong ◽  
Robert B. McClellan ◽  
Mariana Labarca ◽  
Yuehan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Electrolyte Excretion ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Fat Feeding

The majority of patients with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome have hypertension, but the mechanisms of hypertension are poorly understood. In these patients, impaired sodium excretion is critical for the genesis of Na+-sensitive hypertension, and prior studies have proposed a role for the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) in this syndrome. We characterized high fat-fed mice as a model in which to study the contribution of ENaC-mediated Na+ reabsorption in obesity and insulin resistance. High fat-fed mice demonstrated impaired Na+ excretion and elevated blood pressure, which was significantly higher on a high-Na+ diet compared with low fat-fed control mice. However, high fat-fed mice had no increase in ENaC activity as measured by Na+ transport across microperfused cortical collecting ducts, electrolyte excretion, or blood pressure. In addition, we found no difference in endogenous urinary aldosterone excretion between groups on a normal or high-Na+ diet. High fat-fed mice provide a model of metabolic syndrome, recapitulating obesity, insulin resistance, impaired natriuresis, and a Na+-sensitive elevation in blood pressure. Surprisingly, in contrast to previous studies, our data demonstrate that high fat feeding of mice impairs natriuresis and produces elevated blood pressure that is independent of ENaC activity and likely caused by increased Na+ reabsorption upstream of the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron.

scholarly journals The association between serum copper concentrations and elevated blood pressure in US children and adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsong Liu ◽  
Yanfen Liao ◽  
Zongyuan Zhu ◽  
Lili Yang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
National Health ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Us Children

Abstract Background Copper is an essential trace metal with potential interest for cardiovascular effects. Few studies have explored the association between copper and blood pressure in children and adolescents. Method We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1242 children and adolescents aged 8–17 years who participated in the 2011 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Using 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, elevated blood pressure (EBP) was defined as a mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 90th percentile for sex, age, and height for children aged 1–12 years and systolic BP ≥ 120 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 80 mmHg for adolescent age 13–17 years. Mean serum copper was 114.17 μg/dL. Results After multiple adjustments, dose–response analyses revealed that EBP was associated with progressively higher serum copper concentrations in a nonlinear trend. In comparison with the lowest quartile of serum copper concentrations, the adjusted odds of EBP for the highest quartile was 5.26 (95% confidence interval, 2.76–10.03). Conclusion Our results suggested that high serum copper concentrations were significantly associated with EBP in US children and adolescents.

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