Food Hypersensitivity in Children Aged 0–3 Years of the Lviv Region in Ukraine: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aim: To determine the prevalence and to estimate factors associated with food hypersensitivity in young children of the Lviv region in Ukraine.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional survey study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 in the Lviv region of Ukraine. A specially designed questionnaire about food hypersensitivity of young children developed and validated by M. J. Flokstra-de Blok was used after translation into the Ukrainian language. The questionnaire included 34 questions, grouped into general and detailed information. Parents of children aged 0–3 years were asked to complete the questionnaire at pre-schools and medical institutions.Results: Among 4,500 distributed questionnaires, 3,214 (71%) were completed and processed. Parents reported that 25% of their young children had food hypersensitivity. According to the survey the most common agents involved in food hypersensitivity in young children were cow's milk (34%), egg (28%), and wheat (24%). Hypersensitivity to milk occurred in 50% of children in the age group of 1–2 years. Regional differences associated with food hypersensitivity were also found. Namely, in the Carpathians, there was more hypersensitivity to fish (27%) and honey (22%) than in other regions, while hypersensitivity to soy was detected mostly in Lviv City residents (8.5%). Unknown causes of food hypersensitivity were highly reported (34%) in the Carpathians.Conclusion: Prevalence and some distinctiveness of food hypersensitivity revealed in four geographic and climate zones as well as in Lviv City have a considerable practical use for formulation of recommendations for children with food hypersensitivity.

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Corona virus fear among health workers during the early phase of pandemic response in Nepal: a web-based cross-sectional study

10.1101/2020.11.04.367912 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pratik Khanal ◽

Navin Devkota ◽

Minakshi Dahal ◽

Kiran Paudel ◽

Shiva Raj Mishra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Family Member ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Early Phase ◽

Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Factors Associated

AbstractBackgroundHealth workers involved in COVID-19 response might be at risk of developing fear and psychological distress. This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 fear among health workers in Nepal during the early phase of pandemic.MethodsA web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the month of April-May 2020 among 475 health workers directly involved in COVID-19 management. The Fear Scale of COVID 19 (FCV-19S) was used to measure the status of fear. Scatter plots were used to observe the relationship between fear and other psychological outcomes: anxiety, depression and insomnia. Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with COVID fear.ResultsCOVID-19 fear score was moderately correlated with anxiety and depression, and weakly correlated with insomnia (p<0.001). Nurses (AOR=2.29; 95% CI: 1.23-4.26), health workers experiencing stigma (AOR=1.83; 95% CI: 1.12-2.73), those working in affected district(AOR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.12-2.77) and presence of family member with chronic diseases (AOR=1.50; 95% CI: 1.01-2.25) was associated with higher odds of developing COVID-19 fear as compared to other health workers, health workers not experiencing stigma, working in non-affected district and not having family member with chronic diseases respectively.ConclusionNurses, health workers facing stigma, those working in affect district and having family member with chronic diseases were more at risk of developing COVID-19 fear. It is thus recommended to improve work environment to reduce fear among health workers, employ stigma reduction interventions, and ensure personal and family support for those having family member with chronic diseases.

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Distress of Medical Students in Japan: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25232 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yoshito Nishimura ◽

Kanako Ochi ◽

Kazuki Tokumasu ◽

Mikako Obika ◽

Hideharu Hagiya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Online Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

State Of Emergency ◽

Web Based ◽

Subjective Mental Health

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected medical education. However, little data are available about medical students’ distress during the pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide details on how medical students have been affected by the pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 717 medical students participated in the web-based survey. The survey included questions about how the participants’ mental status had changed from before to after the Japanese nationwide state of emergency (SOE). RESULTS Out of 717 medical students, 473 (66.0%) participated in the study. In total, 29.8% (141/473) of the students reported concerns about the shift toward online education, mostly because they thought online education would be ineffective compared with in-person learning. The participants’ subjective mental health status significantly worsened after the SOE was lifted (<i>P</i><.001). Those who had concerns about a shift toward online education had higher odds of having generalized anxiety and being depressed (odds ratio [OR] 1.97, 95% CI 1.19-3.28) as did those who said they would request food aid (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.16-3.44) and mental health care resources (OR 3.56, 95% CI 2.07-6.15). CONCLUSIONS Given our findings, the sudden shift to online education might have overwhelmed medical students. Thus, we recommend that educators inform learners that online learning is not inferior to in-person learning, which could attenuate potential depression and anxiety.

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Factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant women in Vietnam: A multisite cross-sectional survey

Health Psychology Open ◽

10.1177/2055102920914076 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 205510292091407

Author(s):

Mai Thi Hue ◽

Nguyen Hang Nguyet Van ◽

Phung Phuong Nha ◽

Ngo Tuan Vu ◽

Pham Minh Duc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Antenatal Depression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tobit Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Status ◽

Structured Questionnaire

This study aimed to describe the status of antenatal depression and its associated factors among pregnant women in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four obstetric hospitals in Vietnam from January to September 2019. A total of 1260 pregnant women were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A Tobit regression model was used to determine factors associated with antenatal depression. Results showed that pregnant women were at high risk of antenatal depression (24.5%). Women with fetus abnormalities and higher education were at higher risk of antenatal depression. We highlighted the need for implementing formal screening programs to early detect antenatal depression.

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Prognostic understanding in advanced genitourinary cancer and its association with clinical characteristics.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.665 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽

pp. 665-665

Author(s):

Cristiane Decat Bergerot ◽

Errol James Philip ◽

Paulo Gustavo Bergerot ◽

Nicholas Salgia ◽

Meghan Salgia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Age ◽

Survey Study ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Model Of Care ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Target Populations ◽

Targeted Treatments ◽

Decision Making Model

665 Background: Despite promotion of a shared decision-making model of care in oncology, studies suggest that many patients with advanced cancer still possess inaccurate perceptions of their prognosis. Such inaccuracies can influence treatment choices, patient satisfaction and care planning. Novel immunotherapies and targeted treatments, which can yield exceptional responses in a small proportion of patients, are making the difficult task of discussing prognosis with patients even more challenging. We sought to identify clinical factors associated with expectations of cure. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among patients diagnosed with incurable genitourinary cancers. Patients’ expectations of cure were assessed based on 4 quartiles: (1) cure is very likely and is in the range of 76 to 100% certainty, (2) cure is likely and is in the range of 51 to 75% certainty, (3) cure is possible but not likely and is in the range of 26 to 50% certainty, and (4) cure is not at all likely and is in the range of 0 to 25% certainty. Linear regression was used to identify clinical factors associated with such expectations. Results: A total of 145 patients were enrolled in the study from July 2017 to September 2019. Most patients were male (76%), white (70%), married (81%) and well-educated (76%). Patients were diagnosed with advanced kidney (66%), bladder (20%) or prostate (14%) cancers. A high proportion of patients (73%) were receiving first or second line (1L/2L) therapy; predominantly immunotherapy (53%) and targeted therapy (24%). Overall, 47% had an inaccurate expectation of cure (in the range of 26 to 100%). Inaccurate expectations of cure were associated with older age (P=0.04) and were also more likely to be reported among patients receiving 1L/2L compared to those receiving later courses of therapy (P=0.009). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the high proportion of patients harboring inaccurate perceptions regarding prognosis, more pronounced with older age and within the first two lines of therapy for metastatic disease. These groups may be ideal target populations for more extensive counseling around prognosis.

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A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF DIET & LIFESTYLE IN PREVALENCE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN FEMALES - AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

November 2020 - International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ◽

10.46607/iamj0809122021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2971-2974

Author(s):

Pavan Kumar K ◽

Sudhakar P Reddy

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

The Impact ◽

Diet And Lifestyle ◽

Female Subjects

Background: In India, 42 million people are suffering from thyroid disorders, out of which hypothyroidism is most common with a prevalence of 5.4%. It is more prevalent among females with the male-female ratio being 1:6. Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormones, which in turn results in a generalized slowing down of metabolic processes. Impaired metabolism can be compared with vitiation of Agni causing Agnimandhya according to Ayurveda. Agnimandhya further hampers the formations of Ahara Rasa and consecutive Dhatus Nirmana, diminishing the metabolism, thereby causing features similar to hypothyroidism. The objective of the Study: To assess the impact of diet & lifestyle on the prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Females. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional survey study. A total of 150 female subjects were selected for the study. With the help of a validated pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire, the interview was conducted on female subjects diagnosed with Hypothyroidism to assess the impact of diet and lifestyle on the prevalence of Hypothy- roidism in and around Mysuru city. Result: In the survey study, the majority of the hypothyroidism diagnosed subjects followed unhealthy daily regimes and the majority percentage of them practised unwholesome diet, food habits and lifestyle. Diet and lifestyle have a direct influence on the occurrence of hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder is mainly caused by Agni Mandhya and Rasa Pradoshaja as a result of faulty diet and lifestyle. One should follow Dincharya, Rutucharya and other Ayurveda principles to protect the Agni and thereby prevent Hypothyroidism. The practice of Ahita Ahara Vidhi and Ahita Vihara in the manifestation of Agnimandhya, followed by the development of features of hypothyroidism was substantiated by the result of the survey. Keywords: Hypothyroidism; Diet; Lifestyle; Agnimandhya; Rasa Pradoshaja Vikara.

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Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Unmet Need KB Pasca-Salin IUD post-placenta di Kamar Rawat Pasca-bersalin RSUP DR. M. Djamil periode Januari-Maret 2013

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v2i3.158 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Sari Handayani Utami ◽

Desmiwati Desmiwati2 ◽

Endrinaldi Endrinaldi

Keyword(s):

Post Partum ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Survey Study ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Subject ◽

Cross Sectional Design

AbstrakWanita pada periode post-partum memiliki angka unmet need terhadap kontrasepsi, padahal ini waktu yang tepat untuk mulai memakai kontrasepsi. Salah satu kontrasepsi pasca-salin terkini yang mulai disosialisasikan adalah IUD post-placenta. Namun demikian, masih belum banyak wanita pasangan usia subur yang menggunakan alat kontrasepsi ini bahkan mengetahuinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan unmet need KB pasca-salin IUD post-placenta. Jenis penelitian survey dengan desain cross sectional study. Waktu pengambilan data dari 12 Januari sampai dengan 12 Maret 2013. Sampel adalah wanita pasangan usia subur yang melahirkan pervaginam dan dipilih secara accidental sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 88 orang responden dengan 50 orang bukan akseptor KB IUD post-placenta dan 38 orang akseptor KB IUD Post-placenta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner melalui wawancara terpimpin. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan unmet need IUD post-placenta adalah faktor pengetahuan (p value = 0,001), sedangkan faktor lain yang tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan adalah faktor pendidikan (p value = 0,222), faktor status ekonomi (p value = 1,000), dan faktor konseling KB (p value = 0,583).Kata kunci: faktor yang berhubungan, unmet need, KB pasca-salin, IUD post-placentaAbstractThe women in post-partum period have unmet need rate to contraception, whereas it’s approriate time to start using contraception. One of recent post-partum contraception method is IUD post-placenta. But, only a few women of fertile age couple use this contraception even has known it. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated to unmet need of post-partum contraception IUD post-placenta. This survey study with cross sectional design study. The data was collected from January 12 until March 12 2013. The subject were women of fertile age couple who give birth per vaginam and selected by accidental sampling. This study had 88 respondents consists of 50 as not IUD Post-placenta acceptors and 38 respondents as IUD post-placenta acceptors. The data collected by using questionnaire through guided interview and analyzed through univariate and bivariate.The result of analysis showed that the factor had significant relation to unmet need of IUD post-placenta is knowledge (p value = 0,001), while another factors did not have significant relation are education level (p value = 0,222), economic level (p value=1,000), and family planning counselling (p value=0,583).Keywords:the relating factors, unmet need, post-partum contraception, IUDpost-placenta

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Factors Associated with a Lack of Willingness to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in Poland: A 2021 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9091000 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1000

Author(s):

Filip Raciborski ◽

Piotr Samel-Kowalik ◽

Mariusz Gujski ◽

Jarosław Pinkas ◽

Magdalena Arcimowicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Political Parties ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Right Wing ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Internet Users ◽

The Right

We aimed to assess the factors associated with a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 among adults in Poland three months after the introduction of mass vaccination against COVID-19 in Poland. This cross-sectional study was carried out between 8 and 18 April 2021 on a representative nationwide sample of 1131 inhabitants of Poland aged 18 and over. Almost one-third of adult inhabitants of Poland (30%; 95%CI: 27.4–32.7%) declared a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. Females had higher odds of refusing COVID-19 vaccination compared with males (OR = 1.68; 95%CI: 1.25–2.27). The lack of higher education was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with greater odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination. Participants living in rural areas compared with those living in the largest cities (over 500,000 inhabitants) had three times higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 3.20; 95%CI: 1.71–6.01). Respondents who declared willingness to vote for one of the right-wing political parties publicly supporting the anti-vaccination movement in Poland had eight times higher odds (OR = 8.01; 95%CI: 3.65–17.60) of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination compared with other groups. Moreover, those who had three children or more, respondents who declared passivity towards participating in religious practices as well as active internet users had significantly higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination.

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Behavioral Factors Associated with COVID-19 Risk: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Japan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182212184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

pp. 12184

Author(s):

Sae Ochi ◽

Mirai So ◽

Sora Hashimoto ◽

Kenzo Denda ◽

Yoichi Sekizawa

Keyword(s):

Economic Loss ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Online Marketing ◽

Group Differences ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inverse Probability ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Preventive Actions ◽

Composition Ratios

Background: Behaviors to avoid infection are key to minimizing casualties of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to avoid excessive interventions that are less effective. This study aims to identify behavioral patterns associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the real world. Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted targeting a research panel of NTTCom Online Marketing Solutions Corporation or its affiliates. Data were extracted so that their demographic composition ratios matched the population estimates. Individuals who answered with consistency to have been diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 at a medical facility were categorized into a SARS-CoV-2 group. Differences in lifestyles were compared using multiple regression and inverse probability weighing. Results: In total 13,277 participants were included, of whom 44 (0.33%) were categorized as the SARS-CoV-2 group. Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was negatively correlated with crowd avoidance, mask wearing, and hand-washing behavior. On the contrary, the diagnosis was positively correlated with some behaviors that appear to be preventive actions against the infection, such as changing clothes frequently, sanitizing belongings, and remote working. Conclusions: It is important to conduct evidence-based intervention on people’s behaviors and to avoid excessive interventions that are less effective, so that people can minimize the indirect harm, such as exhaustion and economic loss.

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The Prevalence of Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use in Poland: A 2019 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16234820 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (23) ◽

pp. 4820 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jarosław Pinkas ◽

Dorota Kaleta ◽

Wojciech Stefan Zgliczyński ◽

Aleksandra Lusawa ◽

Iwona Wrześniewska-Wal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Current Prevalence

Monitoring of tobacco use is one of the key tobacco control activities. This study aimed to assess the current prevalence and patterns of tobacco and e-cigarette in Poland as well as to investigate socioeconomic factors associated with cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use. This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2019, on a representative nationwide sample of 1011 individuals aged 15+ in Poland. Daily tobacco smoking was declared by 21.0% of participants; 1.3% of participants were occasional tobacco smokers, and 10.7% were former tobacco smokers. Heated tobacco was used by 0.4% of participants. Ever e-cigarette use was declared by 4.0% of participants and 1.4% were current e-cigarette users. A higher proportion of daily smokers was observed among men than women (24.4% vs. 18.0%; p < 0.0001). The age group 30 to 49 years, of a lower educational level and living in a medium-sized city (between 20,000 and 500,000 residents), was significantly associated with current daily smoking. This is the most up-to-date study on the prevalence of smoking in Poland. Further tobacco control activities are needed to reduce tobacco use in Poland.

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Pharmacists’ Prescribing in Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study Describing Current Practices and Future Perspectives

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy8030160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 160

Author(s):

Alyaa M. Ajabnoor ◽

Richard J. Cooper

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Survey Study ◽

Prescribing Practices ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospital Pharmacists ◽

Pharmacist Prescribing ◽

Independent Prescribing

Pharmacist prescribing is being increasingly undertaken to better use their skills and reduce the workload of existing prescribers such as doctors, often using formal processes to legitimate these activities. In developing countries like Saudi Arabia, however, pharmacists’ prescribing remains informal with no legislation or formal training and there is a lack of research and understanding into such practices. Therefore, we aimed to describe current pharmacist prescribing practices in Saudi Arabia and explore pharmacists’ views about pharmacists’ prescribing. This is a cross-sectional survey study using an online questionnaire of hospital pharmacists in Saudi Arabia about pharmacists’ prescribing, and associated views about prescribing legislation and barriers to implementing pharmacist prescribing. Over a quarter (28.5%) of pharmacists reported themselves as prescribers, 49% were following a collaborative prescribing model, 18% independent prescribing, and 33% were doing both. Ninety percent of prescribers reported confidence in prescribing the appropriate treatment and 92.3% perceived they will benefit from more prescribing training. Healthcare practice culture and pharmacist’s competency were identified as barriers. There is an overall support for pharmacists’ prescribing in Saudi Arabia among this sample of hospital pharmacists, with limitations in resources and the absence of standardized prescribing training being perceived as key barriers to pharmacists’ prescribing.

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