scholarly journals An Integrative Pharmacology-Based Approach for Evaluating the Potential Effects of Purslane Seed in Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap and TCMIP V2.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Hou ◽  
Xiang Zhou ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Chunhui Zhao ◽  
Yuewen Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Target Network ◽  
Purslane Seed ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

Portulaca oleracea L., known as the “vegetable for long life,” is an annual succulent herb that is widely distributed worldwide. Many clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that purslane seed (MCXZ) can be used as an adjunctive and alternative therapy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the underlying active constituents and pharmacological mechanisms through which MCXZ exerts effects in DM remain unclear. In the present study, we confirmed that MCXZ treatment resulted in hypoglycemic activity, lowering the fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Then, ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry was used to systematically analyze the chemical profile of MCXZ, resulting in the identification of 84 constituents, including 31 organic acids and nine flavonoids. Finally, the Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine was employed to analyze the key active components of MCXZ and the molecular mechanisms through which these components acted in DM. Ten key active compounds were identified based on the topological importance of their corresponding putative targets within the known DM-associated therapeutic target network of known MCXZ putative targets. Functionally, these candidate targets play critical anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-hyperglycemia, immunity regulation, and inflammatory roles involving DM-related pathways, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway and Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, which indicated that MCXZ exhibited anti-diabetic activity through multi-faced actions.

scholarly journals Dietary supplementation of inulin alleviates metabolism disorders in gestational diabetes mellitus mice via RENT/AKT/IRS/GLUT4 pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Miao ◽  
Yongmei Dai ◽  
Can Rui ◽  
Yuru Fan ◽  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has significant short and long-term health consequences for both the mother and child. There is limited but suggestive evidence that inulin could improve glucose tolerance during pregnancy. This study assessed the effect of inulin on glucose homeostasis and elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the inulin-induced antidiabetic effects during pregnancy. Method Female C57BL/6 mice were randomized to receive either no treatment, high-dose inulin and low-dose inulin for 7 weeks with measurement of biochemical profiles. A real-time2 (RT2) profiler polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array involved in glycolipid metabolism was measured. Results Inulin treatment facilitated glucose homeostasis in a dose-dependent manner by decreasing fasting blood glucose, advanced glycation end products and total cholesterol, and improving glucose tolerance. Suppressing resistin (RETN) expression was observed in the inulin treatment group and the expression was significantly correlated with fasting blood glucose levels. The ratios of p-IRS to IRS and p-Akt to Akt in liver tissue and the ratio of p-Akt to Akt in adipose tissue as well as the expression level of GLUT4 increased significantly after inulin treatment. Conclusions Our findings indicated improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism by inulin was to activate glucose transport through the translocation of GLUT4 which was mediated by insulin signaling pathway repairment due to decreased expression of RETN and enhanced phosphorylation of IRS and Akt in GDM mice.

scholarly journals Effects and Components of Herb Pair Huanglian-Banxia on Diabetic Gastroparesis by Network Pharmacology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Liang ◽  
Lurong Zhang ◽  
Guorong Jiang ◽  
Xuanyi Chen ◽  
Yang Zong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Gastroparesis ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Therapy ◽  
Pharmacological Approach ◽  
Target Network ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients ◽  
Coptidis Rhizoma

Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is a serious and chronic complication of long-standing diabetes mellitus, which brings a heavy burden to individuals and society. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is considered a complementary and alternative therapy for DGP patients. Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, HL) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, BX) combined as herb pair have been frequently used in TCM prescriptions, which can effectively treat DGP in China. In this article, a practical application of TCM network pharmacological approach was used for the research on herb pair HL-BX in the treatment of DGP. Firstly, twenty-seven potential active components of HL-BX were screened from the TCMSP database, and their potential targets were also retrieved. Then, the compound-target network and PPI network were constructed from predicted common targets, and several key targets were found based on the degree of the network. Next, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were conducted to obtain several significantly enriched terms. Finally, the experimental verification was made. The results demonstrated that network pharmacological approach was a powerful means for identifying bioactive ingredients and mechanisms of action for TCM. Network pharmacology provided an effective strategy for TCM modern research.

scholarly journals Neuroprotein Targets of γ-Diketone Metabolites of Aliphatic and Aromatic Solvents That Induce Central–Peripheral Axonopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-421
Author(s):  
Peter S. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Axonal Degeneration ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Axonal Pathology

Peripheral neuropathy associated with chronic occupational and deliberate overexposure to neurotoxic organic solvents results from axonal degeneration in the central and peripheral nervous system. Human and experimental studies show that axonopathy is triggered by the action of neuroprotein-reactive γ-diketone metabolites formed from exposure to certain aliphatic solvents ( n-hexane, 2-hexanone) and aromatic compounds (1,2-diethylbenzene, 1,2-4-triethylbenzene, 6-acetyl-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-7-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetralin). Neuroprotein susceptibility is related primarily to their differential content of lysine, the ∊-amino group of which is targeted by γ-diketones. Specific neuroprotein targets have been identified, and the sequence of molecular mechanisms leading to axonal pathology has been illuminated. While occupational n-hexane neuropathy continues to be reported, lessons learned from its experimental study may have relevance to other causes of peripheral neuropathy, including those associated with aging and diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals A Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy for Predicting Active Ingredients and Potential Targets of Shuilu Erxian Dan in Treating Diabetic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingchao Wu ◽  
Rensong Yue ◽  
Mingmin He
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Diabetic Kidney

Abstract Background and objective: Recent years, some Chinese scholars have applied Shuilu Erxian Dan (SED) to the treatment of treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and achieved well curative effect. However, these studies are mostly limited to clinical observation. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of SED in treating DKD. Methods The active components of SED were retrieved in TCMSP database and BATMAN-TCM database, and the herbal targets were obtained by drugbank database and SwissTargetPrediction platform. The gene expression data of DKD patients were downloaded from GEO database and analyzed to obtain DKD-related targets. The ingredient-target network and the PPI network were constructed by Cytoscape software. The clusterProfiler package of R software is used for bioinformatic analysis. Molecular docking was further applied to verify the interaction between compounds and targets by Autodock Vina software. Results 610 differential expressed genes of DKD patients were obtained, and 29 potential targets of SED against DKD were screened out (including PPTGS2, FABP3, HSD17B2, FABP1, HSD11B2, CYP27B1, JUN, UGT2B7, VCAM1, CA2, MAOA, MMP2, CXCR1, SLC22A6, EPHX2, SLC47A1, FOS, EGF, CCL2, COL3A1, GSTA1, GSTA2, HSPA1A, DAO, ALDH2, ALB, GPR18, FPR2, and LPL). All the active ingredients in SED can act on the DKD-related targets, among which quercetin, Ellagic acid, and kaempferol may be the key active compounds. SED may play a therapeutic role in DKD by regulating pathways including “Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis”, “AGE − RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications” and “IL-17 signaling pathway”. Conclusion This study suggests that the mechanism of SED treating DKD is a complex network with multi-target and multi-pathway, which provides a reference for future experimental studies.

scholarly journals Network Pharmacology-Based Identification of the Mechanisms of Shen-Qi Compound Formula in Treating Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Hu ◽  
Maoyi Yang ◽  
Liangjun Yang ◽  
Chunguang Xie ◽  
Hong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Go Enrichment ◽  
System Pharmacology ◽  
Target Network ◽  
Integrated Pathway ◽  
Go Enrichment Analysis

Aim. The purpose of this research is to identify the mechanisms of Shen-Qi compound formula (SQC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), for treating diabetes mellitus (DM) using system pharmacology. Methods. The active components and therapeutic targets were identified, and these targets were analyzed using gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Finally, an integrated pathway was constructed to show the mechanisms of SQC. Results. A total of 282 active components and 195 targets were identified through a database search. The component-target network was constructed, and the key components were screened out according to their degree. Through the GO, PPI, and KEGG analyses, the mechanism network of SQC treating DM was constructed. Conclusions. This study shows that the mechanisms of SQC treating DM are related to various pathways and targets. This study provides a good foundation and basis for further in-depth verification and clinical application.

Patient Perspectives on the Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 726-P
Author(s):  
KRISTINA YU-ISENBERG ◽  
GEOF D. GRAY ◽  
CATHERINE FOLEY ◽  
JONATHAN T. STOKES ◽  
ALAN SHIELDS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Patient Perspectives ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

90-LB: Treatments and Trends in Glycemic Control for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment following Metformin

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 90-LB
Author(s):  
SANJAY K. BAJPAI ◽  
RADHIKA NAIR ◽  
TICH CHANGAMIRE ◽  
RICHARD SHEER ◽  
QIANQIAN WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Treatment

Mechanisms underlying heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-39
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cardio Vascular

The prevalence of heart failure is markedly increased in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Numerous observational studies suggest that this increased risk for heart failure can be attributed to exacerbated vascular complications and the presence of increased risk factors in diabetic subjects. In addition, experimental studies revealed the presence of a number of distinct molecular alterations in the myocardium that occur independently of vascular disease and hypertension. Many of these molecular alterations are similarly observed in failing hearts of nondiabetic patients and have thus been proposed to contribute to the increased risk for heart failure in diabetes. The interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms of impaired cardio- vascular outcomes in diabetic individuals has much increased since the demonstration of cardioprotective effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in recent clinical trials. The current review therefore summarizes the distinct mechanisms that have been proposed to increase the risk for heart failure in diabetes mellitus.

Cinammon (Cinnamomum Spp.) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Sierra-Puente D. ◽  
Abadi-Alfie S. ◽  
Arakanchi-Altaled K. ◽  
Bogard-Brondo M. ◽  
García-Lascurain M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Key Aspects

Spices such as cinnamon (Cinnamomum Spp.) have been of interest due to their phytochemical composition that exert hypoglycemic effects with potential for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We summarize data from 27 manuscripts that include, one book chapter, 3 review articles, 10 randomized controlled trials, 4 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, and 9 preclinical studies. The most frequently used cinnamon variety was Cinnamomum cassia rather than the Cinnamomum zeylanicum, whereas outcomes were defined as fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and oral glucose tolerance test. A great variability in methodology such as different doses (from 120 mg to 6 g), duration of intervention, data retrieved and use of different concomitant medication, were found to be key aspects of most of trials and systematic reviews with meta-analysis available to date. Low quality studies have been made in most cases with a lot of heterogeneity clouding significance of results. More research needs to be done in order to yield accurate evidence for evidence-based recommendations. Its use is not currently a reliable nor advisable option for the treatment of T2DM.

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