scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile of Neutral and Polar Lipid Fraction of Wild Eggs and Hatchlings from Wild and Captive Reared Broodstock of Octopus vulgaris

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Estefanell ◽  
Antonio Mesa-Rodríguez ◽  
Besay Ramírez ◽  
Antonio La Barbera ◽  
Juan Socorro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Octopus Vulgaris ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction

Neutral lipids, phospholipids, and a betaine lipid of the snow mold fungus Microdochium nivale

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1051-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Istokovics ◽  
Naoki Morita ◽  
Kazuo Izumi ◽  
Tamotsu Hoshino ◽  
Isao Yumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Microdochium Nivale ◽  
Neutral Lipid Fraction ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Betaine Lipid

The hyphae of the snow mold Microdochium nivale contained lipids in a yield of about 10% w/w of the dry matter of hyphae. The total lipid was fractionated into neutral and polar lipid fractions. In the neutral lipid fraction, triacylglylcerol was the sole major component. As minor components, ergosterol, diacylglycerol, free fatty acid, and fatty acyl ergosterol were identified. The polar lipid fraction contained phospholipids, glycolipids, and a lipid containing neither phosphorus nor sugar. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidic acid were identified as phospholipids. The polar lipid fraction included at least four kinds of glycolipids that have not been identified. A very unusual lipid in fungi, a betaine lipid, diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine, was identified by chemical and physicochemical analyses. The level of the neutral lipid fraction, which accounted for 60% of the total lipid in hyphae at the exponential phase, was significantly increased compared with that of the polar lipid fraction and constituted 80% of the total at the stationary phase. The neutral and polar lipids of Microdochium nivale contained 18:3 (9,12,15), 18:2 (9,12), 18:1 (9), and 16:0 as principal fatty acids. Among them, 18:2 (9,12) and 18:3 (9,12,15) were the major fatty acids of triacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine, whereas in diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine, the major components were 16:0 and 18:3 (9,12,15).Key words: snow mold, phospholipids, betaine lipid, fatty acid, Microdochium nivale.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations of Lipid Content and Composition in Starfish Asterias amurensis Lütken

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K.M. Azad Shah ◽  
H. Kurihara ◽  
K. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Asterias Amurensis ◽  
Lipid Fractions

The total lipid content, lipid classes and fatty acid composition in the internal organs of starfish (Asterias amurensis) were analyzed to determine the effects of seasons (winter and spring). The non-polar and polar lipid fractions obtained from starfish internal organs were analyzed through two seasons using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas liquid chromatography. Total lipid content of internal organs was 10.18% in spring and 8.21% in winter as wet weight basis. The predominant lipid class in spring was triglyceride whereas free fatty acids were the main lipid class in winter. The most abundant fatty acid of non-polar lipid fraction was eicosamonoenoic acid (C20:1) in spring having the highest proportion (29.2% of total fatty acid) as compared to the winter. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was also found significantly (P < 0.05) higher in spring compared to winter in the non-polar lipid fraction. On the other hand, comparatively lower amount of EPA was observed in spring than winter in the polar lipid fraction. Proportions of other fatty acids in non-polar and polar lipid fractions were also varied seasonally. This result might be useful for commercial production of lipid from internal organ of starfish with a view to potential use in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other non-food industries.

Analysis of polar lipid fraction of Pinus halepensis Mill. seeds from North Algeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Kadri ◽  
Bachra Khettal ◽  
Rachida Yahiaoui-zaidi ◽  
Veronique Barragan-Montero ◽  
Jean-Louis Montero
Keyword(s):  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction ◽  
North Algeria

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile of Sunflower Achene Oil From the Brazilian Semi-arid Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio G. P. de Carvalho ◽  
Andressa Caldeira ◽  
Luciana M. de Carvalho ◽  
Hélio W. L. de Carvalho ◽  
José L. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The analysis of the fatty acid profile of an oil is important for optimizing its use in the processing and food industries. The present work evaluated the fatty acid profile from sunflower achene oil grown in the Brazilian semi-arid region and adjacent regions. The oleic, linoleic, palmitic and stearic acid contents were determined by gas chromatography (GC). An approximate 5 °C increase (from 19 °C to 24 °C) in the minimum temperature during lipid fraction (oil) formation in achenes yielded a 22.6% increase and a 21.9% decrease in the average oleic acid and linoleic acid contents (41.0% to 63.5% and 50.9% to 29.0%, respectively). The saturated fatty acids content tended to decrease as the minimum temperature increased, although the behavior depended on the environment and the tested genotypes. In general, genotypes Aguara 04 and CF 101 presented higher oleic acid and lower linoleic, palmitic and stearic acid contents than did the HELIO 250 and HELIO 251 genotypes.

The effect of adding herbs to the winter diet on the fatty acid profile of the lipid fraction of sheep milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Anna Jarzynowska ◽  
Ewa Peter
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Herbal Supplement ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Group I ◽  
Health Quality

The study was carried out on bulk milk samples collected at two-week intervals during the winter (February-April) and individually from ewes at the end of the experiment. The milk was obtained from ewes of the coloured variety of Polish Merino, housed indoors and fed conserved bulky feeds and a mixture of concentrate feeds. Three diet groups were established: group I – control (without the addition of herbs to the concentrate feed) and groups II and III, in which an herbal mixture was added to the concentrate feed in the amount of 10 and 20 g/sheep/day, respectively. The effect of the herb supplement in the sheep diet on the fatty acid profile of the milk fat was analysed. The results showed that in the period from 69 to 137 days of lactation the content of SFA increased in the milk fat of sheep fed without the addition of herbs, while the content of UFA decreased. The addition of the herbal supplement to the concentrate feed in the amount of 10 or 20 g/sheep/day improved the fatty acid profile from the 97th day of lactation. As a result, at the end of the experiment, the milk fat of sheep in groups II and III contained more MUFA acids than that of group I (6.7%; P≤0.05 and 10.6%; P≤0.01, respectively), more PUFA (by 11.1% and 12.5%; P≤0.01), and more DFA (by 6.3%; P≤0.05 and 11.8%; P≤0.01). The addition of herbs in the amount of 10 or 20 g/sheep/day (groups II and III) increased the content of n-3 PUFAs in the milk fat (by 17.5%; P≤0.01 and 7.9%; P≤ 0.05, respectively,), n-6 PUFA (by 9.7% and 11.4%; P≤0.01) and CLA (by 11.9% and 28.6%; P≤0.01), and decreased the content SFA (by 1.75% and 2.8%, respectively; P≤0.01) and OFA (by 2.9%; P≤0.05 and 5.2%; P≤0.01). In both experimental groups, beneficial changes were also noted in the health quality indicators of the milk, calculated on the basis of the UFA/SFA, DFA/OFA and PUFA/SFA ratios.

Impact of temperature and growth phases on lipid composition and fatty acid profile of a thermophilic Bacillariophyta strain related to the genus Halamphora from north-eastern Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
Nahla Bouzidi ◽  
Fatma Zili ◽  
Federico García-Maroto ◽  
Diego López Alonso ◽  
Hatem Ben Ouada
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Temperature Levels

AbstractA thermo-tolerant diatom species has been isolated from Tunisian hot spring water (40°C). The isolated diatom has been molecularly identified and classified into the genus Halamphora. The growth kinetics, lipid content and distribution of fatty acids were assessed at 20 and 30°C temperature levels and constant irradiance in controlled batch cultures (11 days). Halamphora sp. showed better growth (μ = 0.53 day−1) and a higher lipid yield (25% of the dry weight) at a higher temperature (30°C). Under the two temperatures tested, the highest lipid and fatty acid contents were mainly reached during the stationary growth phase. The fatty acid profile showed a significant content of two essential fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6), reaching ~15% and ~21% of the total fatty acids, respectively, at 20°C and 30°C. The distribution of the different components of the fatty acids showed that EPA and AA were mainly located in the neutral lipid fraction in the stationary phase.

scholarly journals Polar Lipid Fraction E from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Can Form Stable yet Thermo-Sensitive Tetraether/Diester Hybrid Archaeosomes with Controlled Release Capability

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8388
Author(s):  
Umme Ayesa ◽  
Parkson Lee-Gau Chong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Sulfolobus Acidocaldarius ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction ◽  
Flip Flop

Archaeosomes have drawn increasing attention in recent years as novel nano-carriers for therapeutics. The main obstacle of using archaeosomes for therapeutics delivery has been the lack of an efficient method to trigger the release of entrapped content from the otherwise extremely stable structure. Our present study tackles this long-standing problem. We made hybrid archaeosomes composed of tetraether lipids, called the polar lipid fraction E (PLFE) isolated from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, and the synthetic diester lipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). Differential polarized phase-modulation and steady-state fluorometry, confocal fluorescence microscopy, zeta potential (ZP) measurements, and biochemical assays were employed to characterize the physical properties and drug behaviors in PLFE/DPPC hybrid archaeosomes in the presence and absence of live cells. We found that PLFE lipids have an ordering effect on fluid DPPC liposomal membranes, which can slow down the release of entrapped drugs, while PLFE provides high negative charges on the outer surface of liposomes, which can increase vesicle stability against coalescence among liposomes or with cells. Furthermore, we found that the zeta potential in hybrid archaeosomes with 30 mol% PLFE and 70 mol% DPPC (designated as PLFE/DPPC(3:7) archaeosomes) undergoes an abrupt increase from −48 mV at 37 °C to −16 mV at 44 °C (termed the ZP transition), which we hypothesize results from DPPC domain melting and PLFE lipid ‘flip-flop’. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DXO) can be readily incorporated into PLFE/DPPC(3:7) archaeosomes. The rate constant of DXO release from PLFE/DPPC(3:7) archaeosomes into Tris buffer exhibited a sharp increase (~2.5 times), when the temperature was raised from 37 to 42 °C, which is believed to result from the liposomal structural changes associated with the ZP transition. This thermo-induced sharp increase in drug release was not affected by serum proteins as a similar temperature dependence of drug release kinetics was observed in human blood serum. A 15-min pre-incubation of PLFE/DPPC(3:7) archaeosomal DXO with MCF-7 breast cancer cells at 42 °C caused a significant increase in the amount of DXO entering into the nuclei and a considerable increase in the cell’s cytotoxicity under the 37 °C growth temperature. Taken together, our data suggests that PLFE/DPPC(3:7) archaeosomes are stable yet potentially useful thermo-sensitive liposomes wherein the temperature range (from 37 to 42–44 °C) clinically used for mild hyperthermia treatment of tumors can be used to trigger drug release for medical interventions.

Polar lipid fraction in soil: a kerogen-like matter

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Amblès ◽  
J.C. Jacquesy ◽  
P. Jambu ◽  
J. Joffre ◽  
R. Maggi-Churin
Keyword(s):  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction

Variation in neutral and polar lipid compositions of ova in ten reproductively isolated populations of walleye (Sander vitreus)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray D Wiegand ◽  
Thomas A Johnston ◽  
Jennifer Martin ◽  
William C Leggett
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Sander Vitreus ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
High Level

We examined variation in the mass and composition of egg lipids within and among 10 walleye (Sander vitreus) populations. Larger eggs contained more lipid, but neither absolute lipid content (mg·egg–1) nor relative lipid content (percent of egg mass as lipid) were related to maternal age or size. Among populations, the proportion of egg mass as neutral lipid varied significantly, whereas the proportion as polar lipid did not. Egg fatty acid composition did vary with respect to maternal traits. In the Lake Ontario population, larger females appear to produce a qualitatively superior egg; relative abundances of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n–3), DHA) and arachidonic acid (20:4(n–6), AA) increased, and the relative abundance of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5(n–3), EPA) decreased in egg fatty acids with increasing maternal length. We predicted that fatty acid profiles would be less variable in the polar than in the neutral lipid fraction. Relative abundances of DHA, AA, the sum of AA and EPA, and several other fatty acid classes were all significantly less variable in the polar than in the neutral fraction both among females and among populations. Our results indicate a high level of conservatism of egg lipid mass and polar lipid composition in this species.

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