Elevated air movement enhances stomatal sensitivity to abscisic acid in leaves developed at high relative air humidity

AbstractThe research aimed at establishing the pattern of air movement inside a 2×10 herringbone milking parlour equipped with supply mechanical ventilation. Observations and analyses were made for the streams of air supplied to the parlour, their movement pattern and spread range. Also, temperature and relative air humidity after and before evening milking routine were measured. It has been concluded that barriers installed inside the milking parlour play a significant role in creating unfavourable microclimatic conditions during milking, particularly for the last group of cows. The study points out possible threats to animal welfare and operator’s working conditions. Based on the conducted experiments, the paper defines recommendations for proper design of ventilation systems inside herringbone milking parlours.

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Ammonia concentrations in a free-stall dairy barn

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2013-0065 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 153-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Piotr Herbut ◽

Sabina Angrecka

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Ammonia Concentration ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Movement Velocity ◽

Air Movement ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Low Humidity

AbstractThe paper presents the results of research on indoor ammonia (NH3) concentrations in the air in a free-stall barn. The differences in measurement results mainly depended on the season and weather conditions. The study also showed a significant correlation (P<0.01) between the NH3 concentration and temperature, relative humidity and air movement velocity inside the barn. The lowest NH3 concentration was recorded in the summer (0.0 ppm) in the presence of high air temperatures, low humidity and increased exchange of ventilated air. In winter during severe frosts, highest ammonia concentration (8.0 ppm) was noted, caused by limited ventilation. The highest daily ammonia concentration was usually recorded during the night. This was due to increased relative air humidity and low air velocities. It was concluded that the average level of ammonia of 2.73 ppm during the entire year was significantly below values defined as harmful for animals and people.

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Forecasting Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle in Selected Barn Zones with the Help of Thi and Thiadj Indexes / Prognozowanie Stresu Cieplnego U Bydła Mlecznego W Wybranych Strefach Obory Za Pomocą Wskaźników Thi I Thiadj

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2013-0029 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 837-848 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Piotr Herbut ◽

Sabina Angrecka

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Movement Velocity ◽

Air Movement ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Microclimatic Conditions ◽

Hot Weather ◽

The Impact ◽

Occupied Zone

Abstract The paper presents the influence of temperature, relative air humidity, air movement velocity and solar radiation on forecasting the risk of heat stress in dairy cows in a free-stall barn during hot weather seasons. THI and adjusted THI indexes were calculated for the periods in which the air temperature exceeded 28°C in the barn, and when it reached 25°C. Based on the THI values obtained during the heat, which ranged from 63 to 83, the occurrence of heat stress in cattle was stated. Heat stress also caused a decrease in milk yield, from about 22 kg to about 18 kg in the technological group. The calculated THIadj values (83 to 90), taking into account the solar radiation and air movement velocity, indicated also the occurrence of health-threatening conditions for cattle. On the fourth day of heat the maximum daily value of THI in the first measurement point was 83 with THIadj of 90, while in the second point THI was 82 and THIadj was 87. This indicated the occurrence of significant differences in microclimatic conditions in the occupied zone of the same technological group. The influence of investigated microclimate factors on the formation of THIadj in the researched zone of the barn was stated. No proper method of its determination was also stated. The analysis of the impact of air movement velocity on THIadj value (P<0.05) and the solar radiation (P<0.05) demonstrated the importance of these parameters in forecasting heat stress in cows in the barn.

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The role of abscisic acid in disturbed stomatal response characteristics of Tradescantia virginiana during growth at high relative air humidity

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erl234 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 627-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

A. R. Nejad ◽

U. van Meeteren

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Stomatal Response ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Tradescantia Virginiana ◽

Response Characteristics ◽

Relative Air Humidity

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Visco-elastic changes of vocal fold mucosa related to high and low relative air humidity

Clinical Otolaryngology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2273.2000.00358-27.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 329-330

Author(s):

R.J.B. Hemler ◽

G.H. Wieneke ◽

P.H. Dejonckere

Keyword(s):

Vocal Fold ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Relative Air Humidity

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Clinical, epidemiological and climatic factors related to the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area in northeastern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.224937 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

R. S. Oliveira ◽

K. B. A. Pimentel ◽

M. L. Moura ◽

C. F. Aragão ◽

A. S. Guimarães-e-Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Disease Occurrence ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Age Range ◽

And Control

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with a wide distribution in the Americas. Brazil is an endemic country and present cases in all states. This study aimed to describe the occurrence, the underlying clinical and epidemiological factors, and the correlation of climatic variables with the frequency of reported CL cases in the municipality of Caxias, state of Maranhão, Brazil. This is a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study based on data extracted from the Brazilian Information System of Diseases Notification, from 2007 to 2017. Maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and relative air humidity data were provided by the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. A total of 201 reported autochthonous CL cases were analyzed. The predominance of cases was observed in males (70.1%). The age range between 31 and 60 years old was the most affected, with 96 cases (47.9%). Of the total number of registered cases, 38.8% of the affected individuals were engaged in agriculture-related activities. The georeferenced distribution revealed the heterogeneity of disease occurrence, with cases concentrated in the Western and Southern regions of the municipality. An association was detected between relative air humidity (monthly mean) and the number of CL cases per month (p = 0.04). CL continues to be a concerning public health issue in Caxias. In this context, there is a pressing need to strengthen measures of prevention and control of the disease through the network of health services of the municipality, considering local and regional particularities.

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Responses of Rice Growth to Day and Night Temperature and Relative Air Humidity—Leaf Elongation and Assimilation

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010134 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 134

Author(s):

Sabine Stuerz ◽

Folkard Asch

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Leaf Elongation ◽

Night Temperature ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Leaf Area Expansion ◽

Plant Level ◽

Area Expansion

Predictions of future crop growth and yield under a changing climate require a precise knowledge of plant responses to their environment. Since leaf growth increases the photosynthesizing area of the plant, it occupies a central position during the vegetative phase. Rice is cultivated in diverse ecological zones largely differing in temperature and relative air humidity (RH). To investigate the effects of temperature and RH during day and night on leaf growth, one variety (IR64) was grown in a growth chamber using 9 day/night regimes around the same mean temperature and RH, which were combinations of 3 temperature treatments (30/20 °C, 25/25 °C, 20/30 °C day/night temperature) and 3 RH treatments (40/90%, 65/65%, 90/40% day/night RH). Day/night leaf elongation rates (LER) were measured and compared to leaf gas exchange measurements and leaf area expansion on the plant level. While daytime LER was mainly temperature-dependent, nighttime LER was equally affected by temperature and RH and closely correlated with leaf area expansion at the plant level. We hypothesize that the same parameters increasing LER during the night also enhance leaf area expansion via shifts in partitioning to larger and thinner leaves. Further, base temperatures estimated from LERs varied with RH, emphasizing the need to take RH into consideration when modeling crop growth in response to temperature.

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Relationship between preterm birth and air pollution in Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.111 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

M E L Brandao ◽

B A L F Braga ◽

M L C Martins ◽

P L A A Pereira

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

First Trimester ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

The Impact ◽

Fourth Quartile

Abstract Santos is a seaboard Brazilian city recognized by its port activity where the road and rail infrastructure along with the large transportation operation, displays an important factor to contribute with all kinds of toxic and air pollutants. Recent studies have suggested associations between air pollution and various birth outcomes. Pollutant gases such as NOx, O3 and particulate matter PM2,5, PM10 have been cited as factors involved in such outcomes. The present study aims to assess the relationship between atmospheric pollutants and perinatal outcomes in the city of Santos from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2015. Cross-sectional study that analyzed 10.319 singleton births in an area set with 2 km radius of the monitoring stations. Birth weight and information on mother and pregnancy were obtained at the Brazilian “Born Alive National Information System”. Daily records of air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3), temperature and relative air humidity, for the study period, were obtained from São Paulo State Environmental Agency (CETESB). Associations between preterm birth and air pollutants mean levels at each gestational trimester were investigated using multiple logistic regression model controlled by the variables: infant sex, type of delivery, maternal education. prenatal care, and number of previous live births, temperature and relative air humidity. NO2 e PM2,5 was not associated with preterm birth. O3 was significantly associated in the first trimester in the fourth quartile (OR = 1,47 CI 95% 1,05; 2,07). PM10 was significantly associated in the first trimester for the fourth quartile (OR = 1,28 CI 95% 1,00; 1,64), second trimester for the second quartile (OR = 1,37 CI 95% 1,07; 1,77). Conclusions the results shows evidence that maternal exposure to air pollution especially during the first trimester of pregnancy may contribute to preterm birth. Further actions are needed towards controlling air pollution are strongly recommended for promoting early-life health. Key messages This is the first research of this kind that was made in Santos. It brings important evidence of the impact in the life of the population, especially those whose is not even born yet. It can be used as a resource to guide public policies in health, especially the guidelines that dictate the concentration of air pollutants and air quality.

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Influence of Relative Air Humidity on Evaporation of Water–Ethanol Solution Droplets

Colloid Journal ◽

10.1134/s1061933x21030029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 277-283

Author(s):

V. Yu. Borodulin ◽

V. N. Letushko ◽

M. I. Nizovtsev ◽

A. N. Sterlyagov

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Solution ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Relative Air Humidity

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