scholarly journals MdTyDc Overexpression Improves Alkalinity Tolerance in Malus domestica

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
Yibo Jin ◽  
Kexin Tan ◽  
Jiangzhu Zheng ◽  
Tengteng Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Alkali Stress ◽  
High Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Dopamine Content ◽  
Alkaline Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
N Metabolism

Tyrosine is decarboxylated to tyramine by TYDC (Tyrosine decarboxylase) and then hydroxylated to dopamine, which is involved in plant response to abiotic stress. However, little is known about the function of MdTyDc in response to alkaline stress in plants. In our study, it was found that the expression of MdTyDc was induced by alkaline stress. Therefore, the apple plants overexpressing MdTyDc was treated with alkali stress, and we found that MdTyDc played an important role in apple plants’ resistance to alkali stress. Our results showed that the restriction on the growth, the decrease of membrane permeability and the accumulation of Na+ were alleviated to various degrees in MdTyDc transgenic plants under alkali stress. In addition, overexpression of MdTyDc enhanced the root activity and photosynthetic capacity, and improved the enzyme activity related to N metabolism, thus promoting N absorption. It is noteworthy that the dopamine content of these three transgenic lines is significantly higher than that of WT. In summary, these findings indicated that MdTyDc may enhance alkaline tolerance of apples by mediating dopamine content, mainly by maintaining high photosynthetic capacity, normal ion homeostasis and strong nitrogen absorption capacity.

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (Medicago sativa L.)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Tian-Jiao Wei ◽  
Ming-Ming Wang ◽  
Yang-Yang Jin ◽  
Guo-Hui Zhang ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Alkaline Tolerance ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Soil alkalization triggers ion toxicity and osmotic and alkaline (high pH) stresses in plants, damaging their growth and productivity. Therefore, we investigated whether priming with abscisic acid (ABA) increases the tolerance of alfalfa seedlings to alkaline stress, and then examined the underlying molecular mechanisms. Alfalfa seedlings were pretreated with ABA (10 μM) for 16 h and then subjected to alkaline stress using a 15 mM Na2CO3 solution (pH 10.87). Compared with the control, ABA pretreatment significantly alleviated leaf damage and improved the fresh weight, water content, and survival rate of alfalfa seedlings under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid pretreatment reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), maintained higher ratios of K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+, and Mg2+/Na+, and increased accumulation of proline. In addition, ABA upregulated the expression of genes involved in proline biosynthesis (P5CS) and the sequestration of Na+ in vacuoles (NHX1 and AVP) under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid priming increased tolerance to alkaline stress by maintaining homeostasis of ROS and metal ions and upregulating osmoprotection and the expression of stress tolerance-related genes.

scholarly journals Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Jerusalem Artichoke Seedlings to Mixed Salt-Alkali Stress Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai SHAO ◽  
Mingming QI ◽  
Shuang TAO ◽  
Jixiang LIN ◽  
Yingnan WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Alkali Stress ◽  
Mixed Salt ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Soil salinization and alkalization frequently co-occur in the grassland, but little information exists concerning the mixed effects of salt-alkaline stress on plant. Jerusalem artichoke is an economically and ecologically important energy crop and also considered as a salt-tolerant species. In this study, we investigated the effects of 12 mixed salt-alkaline conditions on the seedling growth and responses of Jerusalem artichoke to such conditions. The results showed that the seedling growth decreased with the increasing salinity and pH, and the destructive effects were more markedly under the interactions of highest salinity and pH. The Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ concentrations were all increased with the increasing salinity and pH, but the K+ kept stable. The Cl- concentration increased when the treatment without alkali salts, and the NO3– and H2PO4- concentrations were decreased with the increasing salinity. Jerusalem artichoke seedlings enhanced organic acids and proline to supply the shortage of inorganic anions and cope with osmotic stress from the high Na+ concentration. Above results show that the toxicity effects of the interactions of salt stress and alkali stress on plant is much greater than that only salt or alkali stress. A better understanding of the seedlings of Jerusalem artichoke under mixed salt-alkali stress conditions should facilitate the effective utilization of this species under such complex environment in Northeast China.

scholarly journals Assimilation apparatus variability of beech transplants grown in variable light conditions of blue spruce shelter

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Špulák
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Specific Leaf Mass ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Variable Light

The paper valuates the differences in the selected characteristics of the assimilation apparatus of beech transplants growing in various light conditions of blue spruce small pole stage in the Jizerské hory Mts. in the Czech Republic. The leaf area, chemical parameters, and photosynthetic capacity measured by the method of chlorophyll fluorescence were established. Light conditions of individual beech trees were determined by means of processing a hemisphere photograph of the crown space. The research revealed a significant trend of decreasing nitrogen content with increasing irradiance of the beech. The foliage of the sheltered beech trees exhibited higher contents of phosphorus and potassium. The average specific leaf mass (SLM) of the beech under crowns was lower (0.303 contrary to 0.499 g/dm<sup>2</sup> in gap) and the respective variants did not differ in average leaf size. A significantly higher maximum fluorescence and a maximum quantum yield (0.854 contrary to 0.803 in gap) were found under crowns. A significant variance was also observed in the absorption capacity. It follows that the beech showed adaptation to the light conditions defined by its location within the stand of blue spruce.

The half-life of the cytochrome bf complex in leaves of pea plants after transfer from moderately-high growth light to low light

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Ling-Da Zeng ◽  
Xiao-Ping Yi ◽  
Chang-Lian Peng ◽  
Wang-Feng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Low Light ◽  
High Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Growth Irradiance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Courses

The content of cytochrome (cyt) bf complex is the main rate-limiting factor that determines light- and CO2-saturated photosynthetic capacity. A study of the half-life of the cyt f content in leaves was conducted whereby Pisum sativum L. plants, grown in moderately high light (HL), were transferred to low light (LL). The cyt f content in fully-expanded leaves decreased steadily over the 2 weeks after the HL-to-LL transfer, whereas control leaves in HL retained their high contents. The difference between the time courses of HL-to-LL plants and control HL plants represents the time course of loss of cyt f content, with a half-life of 1.7 days, which is >3-fold shorter than that reported for tobacco leaves at constant growth irradiance using an RNA interference approach (Hojka et al. 2014). After transfer to LL (16 h photoperiod), pea plants were re-exposed to HL for 0, 1.5 h or 5 h during the otherwise LL photoperiod, but the cyt f content of fully-expanded leaves declined practically at the same rate regardless of whether HL was re-introduced for 0, 1.5 h or 5 h during each 16 h LL photoperiod. It appears that fully-expanded leaves, having matured under HL, were unable to increase their cyt f content when re-introduced to HL. These findings are relevant to any attempts to maintain a high photosynthetic capacity when the growth irradiance is temporarily decreased by shading or overcast weather.

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Alkaline Tolerance at Early Seedling Stage of Japonica Rice Under Alkaline Stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Dong-Ling QI ◽  
Gui-Zhen GUO ◽  
Myung-Chul LEE ◽  
Chun-Gang YANG ◽  
Jun-Guo ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Alkaline Tolerance ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Early Seedling

scholarly journals Mechanism of High Photosynthetic Capacity in BC2F4 LinesDerived from a Cross between Oryza sativa and Wild Relatives O. rufipogon

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Masumoto ◽  
Takashige Ishii ◽  
Tomoko Hatanaka ◽  
Naotsugu Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
High Photosynthetic Capacity
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