scholarly journals Accelerated forgetting? An evaluation on the use of long-term forgetting rates in patients with memory problems

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Geurts ◽  
Sieberen P. van der Werf ◽  
Roy P. C. Kessels
Keyword(s):  
Memory Problems ◽  
With Memory

scholarly journals It Has Not Been a Good Day: Managing Difficult Behaviors of Relatives With Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 639-639
Author(s):  
Karen Roberto ◽  
Brandy Renee McCann ◽  
Tina Savla ◽  
Emily Hoyt ◽  
Rosemary Blieszner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Management ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Behavior Understanding ◽  
Supportive Environment ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
With Memory

Abstract Most family caregivers provide appropriate care and a supportive environment for their older relatives with dementia (PwD), yet the stress and strain associated with caregiving can trigger potentially harmful responses. Although much has been written about dealing with memory problems, researchers know less about how caregivers cope with difficult behaviors such as hallucinations, violent outbursts, or refusing food, medicine, or bathing. Interviews with 30 relatives providing care to community-dwelling PwD in rural Virginia revealed that caregivers typically used four behavior management strategies: reasoning with PwD; redirecting PwD’s attention; forceful actions, such as shouting at PwD; and withdrawing from interactions. Forceful management strategies and withdrawing from interactions were usually employed after reasoning and redirection failed to elicit desired behavior. Understanding whether caregivers’ expectations of PwD’s capacities are realistic, and why and when caregivers use various behavior management strategies, can help service providers develop appropriate educational interventions for frustrated caregivers.

Effect of chronic intraperitoneal aminoguanidine on memory and expression of Bcl-2 family genes in diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Alipour ◽  
Fatemeh Adineh ◽  
Hossein Mosatafavi ◽  
Azam Aminabadi ◽  
Hananeh Monirinasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Family Gene ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Hippocampal Apoptosis

Long-term hyperglycemia associates with memory defects via hippocampal cells damaging. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of 1 month of i.p. injections of AG on passive avoidance learning (PAL) and hippocampal apoptosis in rat. Eighty male rats were divided into 10 groups: control, nondiabetics and STZ-induced diabetics treated with AG (50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, i.p.). PAL and the Bcl-2 family gene expressions were determined. Diabetes resulted in memory and Bcl-2 family gene expression deficits. AG (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly improved the learning and Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Bax, and Bak impairment in diabetic rats. However, negative effects were indicated by higher doses of the drug (200 and 400 mg/kg). Present study suggests that 1 month of i.p. injections of lower doses of AG, may improve the impaired cognitive tasks in STZ-induced diabetic rats possibly by modulating Bcl-2 family gene expressions.

scholarly journals Dementia screening: an audit of screening for reversible causes of dementia

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S81-S81
Author(s):  
Kim Herbert ◽  
Elspeth Richardson ◽  
Adam Daly ◽  
Christine Carswell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
With Memory

AimsThis audit aimed to assess to what extent patients being referred for assessment of memory problems were receiving appropriate screening for reversible causes. We considered the blood tests recommended by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE).BackgroundResearch into ‘reversible dementias’ identified numerous common underlying causes. As a result of this NICE complied comprehensive guidance on investigations which should be performed in the initial stages of assessing patients with memory problems, ideally at a primary care level. These investigations are also crucial at the point of secondary care assessment in order to make a confident diagnosis.MethodDetails of patients referred by their GP to the Older Adult CMHT with memory problems over a one month period were collected. We then used the local laboratory database to note whether each of the eight recommended blood tests had been performed in the preceding 6 months. We measured this against an agreed standard of 95%.After the first cycle of data collection we prepared business-card sized ‘aide memoirs’ for GPs that could serve as a quick reminder. These were sent out to all GPs in the area along with a letter outlining the audit findings.ResultOverall 31 patients were included in the first cycle. 15 patients had all 8 dementia blood screens (48%), 13 (42%) had some of the recommended tests and 3 patients had no screening tests at all (10%). On average patients had 76.6% of the recommended bloods completed. The most commonly completed tests were Full Blood Count (FBC) and Urea & Electrolytes (U&Es), with blood Glucose being the most frequently omitted.In cycle 2, 20 patients were included. Of these patients, 10 had the full complement of screening bloods (50%); 8 had some tests completed (40%) and 2 patients had no screening tests complete (10%). On average 76% of tests were completed. There was an improvement in the rate of completion of both Glucose and Liver Function Tests from cycle1.ConclusionThis audit demonstrated that current practice does not meet the national standard in general. Our intervention produced a modest improvement in the proportion of patients who received a full complement of dementia screening tests, as well as increasing the rate of patients receiving a blood glucose as part of their screening. It would likely be beneficial to consider further intervention and a 3rd audit cycle in due course.

PiTaSu: wearable interface for assisting senior citizens with memory problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goshiro Yamamoto ◽  
Tomohiro Kuroda ◽  
Daisuke Yoshitake ◽  
Seamus Hickey ◽  
Jaakko Hyry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Wearable Interface ◽  
With Memory

Benefits of training working memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: specific and transfer effects

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Carretti ◽  
Erika Borella ◽  
Silvia Fostinelli ◽  
Michela Zavagnin
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Memory Problems

ABSTRACTBackground:A growing number of studies are attempting to understand how effective cognitive interventions may be for patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), particularly in relation to their memory problems.Methods:The present study aimed to explore the benefits of a working memory (WM) training program in aMCI patients. Patients (N= 20) were randomly assigned to two training programs: the experimental group practiced with a verbal WM task, while the active control group conducted educational activities on memory.Results:Results showed that the aMCI patients completing the WM training obtained specific gains in the task trained with some transfer effects on other WM measures (visuospatial WM) and on processes involved in or related to WM, e.g. fluid intelligence (the Cattell test) and long-term memory. This was not the case for the aMCI control group, who experienced only a very limited improvement.Conclusion:This pilot study suggests that WM training could be a valuable method for improving cognitive performance in aMCI patients, possibly delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease.

scholarly journals Unmet care needs are common among community-dwelling older people with memory problems in Finland

2019 ◽  
pp. 140349481989080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari S. Aaltonen ◽  
Lina H. Van Aerschot
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Home Care Services ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
More Care ◽  
Community Dwelling Older People ◽  
With Memory

Aims: Ageing in place has become a policy priority. Consequently, residential care has been reduced, and more older people with multiple care needs reside at home with the help of informal care and home care services. An increasing share of these people has memory disorders. We examined the extent to which memory problems, in addition to other individual characteristics, are associated with unmet care needs among community-dwelling older people. Methods: The study employed cross-sectional survey data from community-dwelling people aged 75+ collected in 2010 and 2015, analysed using binary logistic regression analysis. The study population consisted of people who had long-term illnesses or disabilities that limited their everyday activities ( N = 1928). Nine per cent reported substantial memory problems. Of these, 35.7% had a proxy respondent. Results: People with memory problems have more care needs than those with other types of disability or illness. They receive more care but still have more unmet needs than others. About a quarter of people with memory problems reported that they did not receive enough help. This result did not change significantly when the proxy responses were excluded. Even a combination of informal and formal home care was insufficient to meet their needs. Conclusions: Insufficient care for people with memory problems implies a serious demand for further development of home care services. The care needs of this population are often complex. Unmet needs represent a serious risk to the well-being of people with memory disorders, and may also create an extensive burden on their informal caregivers.

Repetition-lag memory training is feasible in patients with chronic stroke, including those with memory problems

Brain Injury ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vessela Stamenova ◽  
Janine M. Jennings ◽  
Shaun P. Cook ◽  
Fuqiang Gao ◽  
Lisa A. S. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
With Memory

Cognitive function in cancer survivors: Analysis of the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 193-193
Author(s):  
AnnaLynn Williams ◽  
Michelle Christine Janelsins ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
With Memory

193 Background: Cancer and its treatment may affect cognitive function in up to 35% of survivors months after treatment. While short-term treatment-related cognitive changes are well recognized, only limited research is available in older, long-term survivors of cancer. Methods: Using NHANES data from 1999 through 2002, 408 cancer survivors and 2,639 non-cancer participants age 60 and above were identified. Cognitive function of these groups were compared on self-reported problems with memory or confusion and using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), a test of processing speed, attention, and learning and working memory involving executive functions domains. Results: Cancer survivors were on average 72.8 years old and 11.5 years from diagnosis. After adjustment for covariates, cancer survivors scored, on average, 1.99 points lower on the DSST compared to non-cancer survivors (ß=-1.99, 95%CI -3.94, -0.05). Cancer survivors also had 17% higher odds of self-reporting problems with memory or confusion (OR 1.17, 95%CI 0.89, 1.53). Similar results were observed among survivors ≥ 5 years from diagnosis (ß =-2.38, 95%CI -4.57, -0.18, OR1.41, 95%CI 0.99, 2.02). Results suggest that age modifies the association between cancer diagnosis and DSST score (p=0.11) with a larger effect size in the younger group (between 60 and 75 years). Among those younger than 75, cancer survivors performed 3.25 points lower on the DSST compared to non-cancer survivors (ß =-3.25; 95%CI -5.88, -0.62). However, this difference was only 0.18 points lower among those 75 or older (ß =-0.18; 95%CI -2.94, 2.57). Conclusions: This is the only study to examine domain specific cognitive deficits in a large, nationally representative, older population of long-term cancer survivors and the first to report deficits in processing speed, attention, and learning and working memory domains. These domains are thought to be important for social and executive functioning and quality of life. Characterizing affected domains and subpopulations will help to develop and test effective interventions and may influence treatment practices in older cancer patients.

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