scholarly journals Information Safety Assurances Increase Intentions to Use COVID-19 Contact Tracing Applications, Regardless of Autonomy-Supportive or Controlling Message Framing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L. Bradshaw ◽  
Richard M. Ryan ◽  
Michael Noetel ◽  
Alexander K. Saeri ◽  
Peter Slattery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
Intended Application ◽  
Data Safety ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Information Safety ◽  
Intentions To Change ◽  
High Information

Promoting the use of contact tracing technology will be an important step in global recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Across two studies, we assessed two messaging strategies as motivators of intended contact tracing uptake. In one sample of 1117 Australian adults and one sample of 888 American adults, we examined autonomy-supportive and controlling message framing and the presence or absence of information safety as predictors of intended contact tracing application uptake, using an online randomized 2 × 2 experimental design. The results suggested that the provision of data safety assurances may be key in affecting people’s intentions to use contact tracing technology, an effect we found in both samples regardless of whether messages were framed as autonomy-supportive or controlling. Those in high information safety conditions consistently reported higher intended uptake and more positive perceptions of the application than those in low information safety conditions. In Study 2, we also found that perceptions of government legitimacy related positively to intended application uptake, as did political affiliation. In sum, individuals appeared more willing to assent to authority regarding contact tracing insofar as their data safety can be assured. Yet, public messaging strategies alone may be insufficient to initiate intentions to change behavior, even in these unprecedented circumstances.

scholarly journals Information safety assurances affect intentions to use COVID-19 contact tracing applications, regardless of autonomy-supportive or controlling message framing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L Bradshaw ◽  
Richard Ryan ◽  
Michael Noetel ◽  
Alexander K Saeri ◽  
Peter Slattery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Information Safety ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Intentions To Change ◽  
High Information

Promoting the use of contact tracing technology will be an important step in global recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Across two studies, we assess two messaging strategies as motivators of intended contact tracing uptake. In one sample of 1117 Australian adults (Mage=50.17, SDage=17.46) and one sample of 888 American adults (Mage=46.09, SDage=17.00), we examined autonomy-supportive and controlling message framing and the presence or absence of information safety as predictors of intended contact tracing application uptake. Using an online randomized 2 x 2 experimental design, we found that message framing had no effect on intended uptake in Study 1. However, in Study 2, and counter to expectations, we found that participants in the controlling message framing conditions had higher intentions to download and use the application. Across both studies, we also found main effects for information safety. Those in high information safety conditions consistently reported higher intended uptake and more positive perceptions of the application, than those in low information safety conditions, regardless of message framing. In Study 2, we also found that perceptions of the government as legitimate related positively to intended application uptake, as did political affiliation. In sum, individuals appeared more willing to assent to authority regarding contact tracing insofar as their data safety can be assured. Yet, public messaging strategies alone may be insufficient to initiate intentions to change behavior, even in these unprecedented circumstances.

scholarly journals The COVID States Project #26: Trajectory of COVID-19-related behaviors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lazer ◽  
Mauricio Santillana ◽  
Roy H. Perlis ◽  
Alexi Quintana ◽  
Katherine Ognyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
The Us ◽  
National Trends

The current state of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States is dire, with circumstances in the Upper Midwest particularly grim. In contrast, multiple countries around the world have shown that temporary changes in human behavior and consistent precautions, such as effective testing, contact tracing, and isolation, can slow transmission of COVID-19, allowing local economies to remain open and societal activities to approach normalcy as of today. These include island countries such as New Zealand, Taiwan, Iceland and Australia, and continental countries such as Norway, Uruguay, Thailand, Finland, and South Korea. These successes demonstrate that coordinated action to change behavior can control the pandemic. In this report, we evaluate how the human behaviors that have been shown to inhibit the spread of COVID-19 have evolved across the US since April, 2020.Our report is based on surveys that the COVID States Project has been conducting approximately every month since April in all 50 US states plus the District of Columbia. We address four primary questions:1) What are the national trends in social distancing behaviors and mask wearing since April?2) What are the trends among particular population subsets?3) What are the trends across individual states plus DC?4) What is the relationship, at the state level, between social distancing behaviors and mask wearing with the current prevalence of COVID-19?

Message Framing to Reduce Automobile Idling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Paniccia ◽  
L. H. Shu
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Regulatory Focus Theory ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Targeted Messages ◽  
Additional Fuel

This work aims to develop interventions to reduce automobile idling, where a driver runs the engine unnecessarily while not moving. Idling is a serious problem that wastes fuel, pollutes the air, and releases greenhouse gas emissions. Drivers idle for different reasons, including misconceptions about the time needed to warm up their engines and how much additional fuel is expended by turning the engine off and back on. Information-based interventions, i.e., messages to address idling, may therefore work more effectively to change behavior by correcting such misconceptions than for other types of pro-environmental behaviors where corresponding misconceptions may not exist. This work incorporates Regulatory Focus Theory, a social-psychological framework which differentiates between promotion- and prevention-focused individuals. Furthermore, messages are framed with respect to idling-relevant concerns that participants identify — finance, health, or the environment. Participants were asked to express behavioral intention and engagement in response to messages tailored for their regulatory focus and domain of concern. Results revealed that 1) participants prioritized finance and health much more often than the environment; 2) most participant categories responded well to their targeted messages; 3) Promotion/Finance participants seemed especially challenging to motivate, but modifications to their targeted messages led to improved results.

scholarly journals The Influence of Calendar of Health As A Prevention of Stunting In Pre-Marriage Couples

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1300-1308
Author(s):  
Dhita Kris Prasetyanti ◽  
Meirna Eka Fitriasnani
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Premarital Couples

To reduce the incidence of stunting, prevention is needed starting from the pre-conception period, one of the preventive efforts with health education using a health calendar. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the health calendar as an effort to prevent stunting in premarital couples. This study used a pre-experiment. This study used a pre-experimental design with one group pretest and posttest design. The population in this study were pre-marital couples aged <35 years and had never been married before as many as 16 premarital couples using the total population sampling technique, statistical test using Wilcoxon. There is an effect of the health calendar media on knowledge and attitudes in premarital couples (p-value = 0.001 and 0.003).The results that there is a need for health education using health calendar to increase knowledge and attitudes so that it is expected to change behavior to prevent stunting

Identifying suboptimalities with factorial model comparison

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Ji Ma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Factorial Model ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
The Many

AbstractGiven the many types of suboptimality in perception, I ask how one should test for multiple forms of suboptimality at the same time – or, more generally, how one should compare process models that can differ in any or all of the multiple components. In analogy to factorial experimental design, I advocate for factorial model comparison.

Combining integrated systems-biology approaches with intervention-based experimental design provides a higher-resolution path forward for microbiome research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alfredo Blakeley-Ruiz ◽  
Carlee S. McClintock ◽  
Ralph Lydic ◽  
Helen A. Baghdoyan ◽  
James J. Choo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Integrated Systems ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Constructive Criticism

Abstract The Hooks et al. review of microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) literature provides a constructive criticism of the general approaches encompassing MGB research. This commentary extends their review by: (a) highlighting capabilities of advanced systems-biology “-omics” techniques for microbiome research and (b) recommending that combining these high-resolution techniques with intervention-based experimental design may be the path forward for future MGB research.

Statistics and parallaxes

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 7-29
Author(s):  
T. E. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Trigonometric Parallaxes ◽  
Systematic And Random Errors

This review paper deals with the use of statistical methods to evaluate systematic and random errors associated with trigonometric parallaxes. First, systematic errors which arise when using trigonometric parallaxes to calibrate luminosity systems are discussed. Next, determination of the external errors of parallax measurement are reviewed. Observatory corrections are discussed. Schilt’s point, that as the causes of these systematic differences between observatories are not known the computed corrections can not be applied appropriately, is emphasized. However, modern parallax work is sufficiently accurate that it is necessary to determine observatory corrections if full use is to be made of the potential precision of the data. To this end, it is suggested that a prior experimental design is required. Past experience has shown that accidental overlap of observing programs will not suffice to determine observatory corrections which are meaningful.

Using Video Modeling Intervention and Speech Generating Devices To Teach Requesting Behaviors to Persons With Autism

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Karen Copple ◽  
Rajinder Koul ◽  
Devender Banda ◽  
Ellen Frye
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Observational Learning ◽  
Video Modeling ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Communicative Behaviors ◽  
Speech Generating Device ◽  
Treatment Package

Abstract One of the instructional techniques reported in the literature to teach communication skills to persons with autism is video modeling (VM). VM is a form of observational learning that involves watching and imitating the desired target behavior(s) exhibited by the person on the videotape. VM has been used to teach a variety of social and communicative behaviors to persons with developmental disabilities such as autism. In this paper, we describe the VM technique and summarize the results of two single-subject experimental design studies that investigated the acquisition of spontaneous requesting skills using a speech generating device (SGD) by persons with autism following a VM intervention. The results of these two studies indicate that a VM treatment package that includes a SGD as one of its components can be effective in facilitating communication in individuals with autism who have little or no functional speech.

Nepotism in the Hiring of Leaders

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Darioly ◽  
Ronald E. Riggio
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Leadership Position ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Hiring Decision ◽  
Job Application ◽  
Career Progress

This study examines how applicants who are relatives of the company’s executives are perceived when they are being considered for a leadership position. In a 2 (Family ties: with vs. without) × 2 (Applicant qualifications: well-qualified vs. underqualified) experimental design, 165 Swiss employees read the applicant’s job application and evaluated the hiring decision, the perceived competence, and the perceived career progress of the target employee. This research showed that even a well-qualified potential employee received a more negative evaluation if the candidate had family ties to the company. Despite their negative evaluation of potential nepotistic hires, the participants nevertheless believed that family ties would boost the career progress of an underqualified applicant. Limitations and implications are discussed.

A Pilot Study on the Efficacy of Volunteer Mentorship for Young Adults With Self-Harm Behaviors Using a Quasi-Experimental Design

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yik-Wa Law ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
Carmen C. S. Lai ◽  
Chi Leung Kwok ◽  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Volunteer Support

Abstract. Background: Studies have shown that postdischarge care for self-harm patients is effective in reducing repeated suicidal behaviors. Little is known about whether volunteer support can help reduce self-harm repetition and improve psychosocial well-being. Aim: This study investigated the efficacy of volunteer support in preventing repetition of self-harm. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design by assigning self-harm patients admitted to the emergency departments to an intervention group with volunteer support and treatment as usual (TAU) for 9 months and to a control group of TAU. Outcome measures include repetition of self-harm, suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and level of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results: A total of 74 cases were recruited (38 participants; 36 controls). There were no significant differences in age, gender, and clinical condition between the two groups at the baseline. The intervention group showed significant improvements in hopelessness and depressive symptoms. However, the number of cases of suicide ideation and of repetition of self-harm episodes was similar for both groups at the postintervention period. Conclusion: Postdischarge care provided by volunteers showed significant improvement in hopelessness and depression. Volunteers have been commonly involved in suicide prevention services. Further research using rigorous methods is recommended for improving service quality in the long term.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document