scholarly journals Mood and Risk-Taking as Momentum for Creativity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Harada
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Convergent Thinking ◽  
Q Learning ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Face ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

This study examined the effects of mood and risk-taking on divergent and convergent thinking using a Q-learning computation model. The results revealed that while mood was not significantly related to divergent or convergent thinking (as creative thinking types), risk-taking exerted positive effects on divergent thinking in the face of negative rewards. The results were consistent with the representational change theory in insight problem solving. Although this theory accounts directly for insight, the underlying idea of going beyond current contexts and implicit constrains could be applied to creative thinking as well. The results indeed accounted for the relevance of this theory to divergent thinking. The current study is one of the first empirical studies simultaneously examining the role of mood and risk-taking in creativity. In particular, no related studies exist that took a computational approach to estimate the relevant parameters in the framework of dynamic optimization. Our Q learning model enables to distinguish and identify the different roles of mood and risk-taking in updating Q values and making decisions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Divergent and Convergent Thinking and Its Influence by Mood

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Kohei Aga ◽  
Masato Inamura ◽  
Chong Chen ◽  
Kosuke Hagiwara ◽  
Rikuto Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Convergent Thinking ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Control Intervention ◽  
Divergent And Convergent Thinking ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

Abundant evidence shows that various forms of physical exercise, even conducted briefly, may improve cognitive functions. However, the effect of physical exercise on creative thinking remains under-investigated, and the role of mood in this effect remains unclear. In the present study, we set out to investigate the effect of an acute bout of aerobic exercise on divergent and convergent thinking and whether this effect depends on the post-exercise mood. Forty healthy young adults were randomly assigned to receive a 15-min exercise or control intervention, before and after which they conducted an alternate use test measuring divergent thinking and an insight problem-solving task measuring convergent thinking. It was found that exercise enhanced divergent thinking in that it increased flexibility and fluency. Importantly, these effects were not mediated by the post-exercise mood in terms of pleasure and vigor. In contrast, the effect on convergent thinking depended on subjects’ mood after exercise: subjects reporting high vigor tended to solve more insight problems that were unsolved previously, while those reporting low vigor became less capable of solving previously unsolved problems. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise may affect both divergent and convergent thinking, with the former being mood-independent and the latter mood-dependent. If these findings can be replicated with more rigorous studies, engaging in a bout of mood, particularly vigor-enhancing aerobic exercise, may be considered a useful strategy for gaining insights into previously unsolved problems.

scholarly journals Regular Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity and Walking Are Associated with Divergent but Not Convergent Thinking in Japanese Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1046
Author(s):  
Chong Chen ◽  
Yasuhiro Mochizuki ◽  
Kosuke Hagiwara ◽  
Masako Hirotsu ◽  
Shin Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Convergent Thinking ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

The beneficial effects of regular physical activity (PA) on cognitive functions have received much attention. Recent research suggests that regular PA may also enhance creative thinking, an indispensable cognitive factor for invention and innovation. However, at what intensity regular PA brings the most benefits to creative thinking remains uninvestigated. Furthermore, whether the levels of regular PA affect the acute PA effects on creative thinking is also unclear. In the present study, using a previous dataset that investigated the effects of an acute bout of aerobic exercise on creative thinking in healthy Japanese young adults (22.98 ± 1.95 years old) in the year 2020, we tested the association between different intensities of regular PA (i.e., vigorous, moderate, and walking) and creative thinking with the cross-sectional baseline data using multiple linear regression. We also investigated whether regular PA levels were associated with the acute aerobic exercise intervention effects on creative thinking. The results showed that cross-sectionally, the regular PAs were differentially associated with divergent but not convergent thinking. Specifically, whereas the amount of vigorous-intensity PA was positively associated with fluency and flexibility, the amount of walking was positively associated with novelty on the alternate uses test (AUT) measuring divergent thinking. Importantly, the explained variances of fluency, flexibility, and novelty were 20.3% (p = 0.040), 18.8% (p = 0.055), and 20.1% (p = 0.043), respectively. None of the regular PAs predicted convergent thinking (i.e., an insight problem-solving task), nor were they associated with the acute aerobic exercise intervention effects on divergent and convergent thinking. These findings suggest that engaging in regular vigorous-intensity PA and walking may be useful strategies to enhance different aspects of divergent thinking in daily life.

scholarly journals Examining a Most Likely Case for Strong Campaign Effects: Hitler’s Speeches and the Rise of the Nazi Party, 1927–1933

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER SELB ◽  
SIMON MUNZERT
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Nazi Party ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Campaign Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Extensive Data ◽  
The Face ◽  
Populist Movements

Hitler’s rise to power amidst an unprecedented propaganda campaign initiated scholarly interest in campaign effects. To the surprise of many, empirical studies often found minimal effects. The predominant focus of early work was on U.S. elections, though. Nazi propaganda as the archetypal and, in many ways, most likely case for strong effects has rarely been studied. We collect extensive data about Hitler’s speeches and gauge their impact on voter support at five national elections preceding the dictatorship. We use a semi-parametric difference-in-differences approach to estimate effects in the face of potential confounding due to the deliberate scheduling of events. Our findings suggest that Hitler’s speeches, while rationally targeted, had a negligible impact on the Nazis’ electoral fortunes. Only the 1932 presidential runoff, an election preceded by an extraordinarily short, intense, and one-sided campaign, yielded positive effects. This study questions the importance of charismatic leaders for the success of populist movements.

Using Theory-Based Research in Supporting Creative Learning Environment for Young Children

2016 ◽  
pp. 589-603
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Muhammad ◽  
Gloysis Mayers ◽  
Deborah G. Wooldridge
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Child Development Center ◽  
Supportive Learning Environment

A supportive creative environment for young children is viewed as an essential element toward facilitating their creative thinking. Creativity requires imagination, insight, problem solving, divergent thinking, the ability to express emotions and to be able to make choices, thus we created a supportive learning environment to nurture creativity in three to four year olds. In this chapter creativity theory is discussed and how to apply to the early childhood educational setting. The Reggio Approach and creativity-provoking methods are discussed. Application of the theory relates to how children are immersed into activities encourages problem-solving, exploration, creativity and the learning supported by play based experiences for children. Examples are given as to how one child development center has provided curriculum, arranged the indoor and outdoor spaces, and integrated the artist in residence concept into the setting.

Using Theory-Based Research in Supporting Creative Learning Environment for Young Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 295-311
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Muhammad ◽  
Gloysis Mayers ◽  
Deborah G. Wooldridge
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Child Development Center ◽  
Supportive Learning Environment

A supportive creative environment for young children is viewed as an essential element toward facilitating their creative thinking. Creativity requires imagination, insight, problem solving, divergent thinking, the ability to express emotions and to be able to make choices, thus we created a supportive learning environment to nurture creativity in three to four year olds. In this chapter creativity theory is discussed and how to apply to the early childhood educational setting. The Reggio Approach and creativity-provoking methods are discussed. Application of the theory relates to how children are immersed into activities encourages problem-solving, exploration, creativity and the learning supported by play based experiences for children. Examples are given as to how one child development center has provided curriculum, arranged the indoor and outdoor spaces, and integrated the artist in residence concept into the setting.

On the role of creativity in the formation of new complex words

Linguistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Körtvélyessy ◽  
Pavol Štekauer ◽  
Pavol Kačmár
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Language User ◽  
Complex Words ◽  
University Undergraduates

Abstract This article presents the results of a large-scale interdisciplinary project aimed at a corroboration of the role of creativity in the way university undergraduates (N = 309) coin new complex words. Specifically, the tendency towards economy of expression, preferred by a speaker, and the tendency towards semantic transparency, preferred by a listener, were examined in the broader context of the creative potential of an individual, understood as divergent thinking abilities captured by the Torrance test of creative thinking (TTCT). The results indicate that divergent thinking abilities, as operationalized by the TTCT scores, negatively correlate with the general tendency to coin new complex words in a more economical fashion. More specifically, the general tendency towards economy of expression correlates negatively with Elaboration, Creative Strengths, and potentially with Creativity. A more detailed analysis indicates that this is especially the case for the word-formation task, where open-ended responses were analyzed and a drawing served as stimulus material for word formation. These results are not only novel but also encouraging for future research into the role of psychological factors in the psycholinguistic process of word formation conceived as a creative act of a language user.

scholarly journals Promoting Sustainable Creativity: An Empirical Study on the Application of Mind Mapping Tools in Graphic Design Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5373
Author(s):  
Yenan Dong ◽  
Shangshang Zhu ◽  
Wenjie Li
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Mind Mapping ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Mind Maps ◽  
Thinking Tools ◽  
The Impact

The development of creative thinking and creative problem solving is an important part of modern sustainable education. In teaching graphic design, educators should ensure the cultivation of sustainable creativity among students. Creative thinking and program development can be facilitated with the help of effective thinking tools. Among the various thinking tools, mind maps represent an easy-to-use visual diagram-based divergent thinking tool. However, few studies have examined the impact of mind maps on sustainable creativity in the design discipline. Similarly, few empirical studies have been conducted to analyse deeply the functional structure of and a graphic design education based on mind mapping. This study aims to examine the relation between students’ use of mind mapping tools and sustainable creativity in implementing mind mapping-based graphic design activities with a sample size of 35 first-year design students. Through an empirical experiment, each student was asked to create a mind map and generate a new graphic design work based on the given experimental materials. The results showed that the mind mapping tool plays an important role in the pre-conceptualization phase of the design process. This tool can effectively help designers develop creative ideas, stimulate their minds, and help them maintain their creative energy and have a sustainable and innovative creative ability.

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN ISLAM, GLOBALISASI DAN KEMISKINAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Imam Zamroni
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Disorder ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Face

The objective of this article is to describe the role of Islam education in global context, especially to solve several problems in Indonesia, for example, poverty, unemployment, natural disaster, social disorder, and other serious problems. Obviously, although they bring about some positive effects for development of this country, these problems are also effects of globalkation. We are often trapped in economic discourse when discuss it and overruling other aspects such as ideological, cultural, and social; whereas, they are as important as economic discourse. In other words, globalir<ation covers multi-aspects in our life, so that some of new obligations of Islam education are to answer various problems of Moslem life.One of the contradictive issues is that globalkation becomes a part of our life because we are a part of globalkation. Therefore, we have to eliminate science dichotomy between religion and science. Escaping from the pro and the contra Islam education claimed take able to answer the new problematic of Moslem life. The Moslem must be supported by life skills in order to survive in the face of the globalization. Summarily, we have to exchange classic paradigm with the modern one that is responsive to social problems, especially related to the religion.

scholarly journals Role of Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) healing techniques in the treatment of dental abscess: A study of 4 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-309
Author(s):  
Venkata S Nanduri ◽  
Atheesh Kumar M ◽  
Saloni Shah ◽  
Rashmi Kambali
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dental Abscess ◽  
The Face ◽  
Larger Sample

: Dental Abscess is a collection of pus caused by bacterial infection and its symptoms include pain, inflammation and swelling of the face or jaw. Usual procedures of Dental Abscess are extraction or root canal treatment performed by Dentists. In this article a summary of four cases of Dental Abscess treated as complementary modality of treatment by means of non-invasive YPV distal healing for removing infection and pain is presented.Case study method is usedto collect data from four similar cases of Dental Abscess healed by two YPV healers independently, and analyzed. It is observed that in all four cases tooth infection and pain reduced completely within 7 to 15 days of healing, bringing great relief to the patients. The YPV healing has worked as preliminary or first aid treatment without the use of anti-biotics or pain killers before proceeding with further work such as tooth extraction or root canal procedure as may be needed to be performed appropriately by a dentist. Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) system of practices and healing techniques have been successfully applied to various types of physical and mental ailments and there is enough evidence available from documented cases and empirical studies. This paper has provided consistent successful results of application of YPV system of healing for treating infection and reducing pain in 4 cases of Dental Abscess, and it is recommended to conduct further studies on larger sample sizes.

scholarly journals The Creative Mind: Blending Oxytocinergic, Dopaminergic and Personality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Chong ◽  
Benjamin Becker ◽  
Dario Cruz Angeles ◽  
Maria Gutierrez Matos ◽  
Xiong Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Creative Mind ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Main Effects

AbstractIn a fast-changing world, creative thinking (CT) is an extraordinary currency. Oxytocin (OT) is associated with CT and release of OT depends on ADP ribosyl-cyclases (CD38 and CD157). Moreover, CT as well as OT’s mechanism of action are mediated via central dopaminergic pathways. Consequently, we evaluate the roles of CD38, CD157, dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) peripheral gene expression in CT. Two principal domains of CT, divergent thinking and insight solving problems, were assessed using validated behavioral assessments. To facilitate discriminant validity, two established correlates of CT, trait Openness and fluid intelligence as well as age and sex were included in the regression model. In women, significant main effects (p<0.01) were positively associated with the expression CD38, CD15, and their interaction CD38 x CD157 controlling for Openness, fluid intelligence and age. Subsequent analysis on the subscale-level revealed significant main effects for CD157 and CD38 x CD157 in men specifically for divergent thinking. In women, significant (p<0.01) results are also observed for dopaminergic expression (DRD2, COMT, DRD2 x COMT). The full model (oxytocinergic and dopaminergic gene expressions, Openness, and fluid intelligence) explains a sizable 39% of the variance in females. Significant main effects are observed for CD38, CD157, DRD2 and COMT as well as their interactions (CD38xCD157 and DRD2xCOMT). In conclusion, we show that oxytocinergic and dopaminergic gene expression contribute significantly to the complex CT phenotype suggesting the notion that the perspective gained from examining the peripheral transcriptome meaningfully adds to understanding the landscape of creative thinking.Significance StatementCreative thinking (CT) is a powerful driving force galvanizing progress and civilization. Towards better understanding the neurobiology of CT, we implement a gene expression strategy that is considered to capture not only genomic elements but also environmental signatures. We employ laboratory measures of CT (alternative uses test and insight problem solving), controlling for fluid intelligence and the personality trait of Openness. We focus on oxytocinergic and dopaminergic genes that contribute to the molecular architecture of CT. Oxytocinergic and dopaminergic gene expression significantly explains a robust 39% of the variance in CT. Notably, this study demonstrates the potential of the peripheral transcriptome towards tracing gene pathways underlying some complex cognitive behaviors such as creative thinking.

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