scholarly journals A Library of Old Photos Supporting Conversation of Two Generations Serving Reminiscence Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Panote Siriaraya ◽  
Dongeun Choi ◽  
Noriaki Kuwahara
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Reminiscence Therapy ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Aged Society ◽  
Assessment Scales ◽  
Emotion Assessment

In Japan, a shift in family patterns has led to a sense of social isolation among older people, which increases the risk of major neurocognitive disorder. Interventions for them using old photos to implement reminiscence therapy (RT) have been proved to be effective. A super-aged society has in turn led to a shortage of medical resources and older people prefer home care over institutional care. Therefore, there is an urgent need for volunteers to help in RT. However, the age of volunteers tends to be increasingly younger. The lack of knowledge and experience of the past for the young volunteers makes it difficult for them to select appropriate stimulated materials. To improve this situation, a library of old photos for RT was developed to support conversation between the two generations. A two-factor experiment and emotion assessment scales were designed to explore the effect of different old photo types on the fluency of conversation between the two generations and their emotion. It was found that the types of old photos have little effect on older people and that conversations were almost pleasant. However, the pleasantness of older people was enhanced when using photos that they wanted to talk about (P = 0.006). Meanwhile, pleasure in conversation of the older people increased with the attention of the young people to the topic (R = 0.304, p < 0.001). Conversely, photo type has a strong impact on young people. When photos are selected that older people do not want to talk about or photos that young people do not know the content and are not interested in, concern for the topic of young people drops dramatically. Therefore, when RT, it is important to avoid using the types of photos above that cause a drop in younger people's attention.

scholarly journals Medgeneracijsko sodelovanje: interes mladih za delo in pomoč starostnikom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Vukovič ◽  
Andrej Raspor ◽  
Nuša Erman ◽  
Bojan Macuh
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Social Gerontology ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Homes For The Elderly ◽  
Trained Staff

The aim of the research is to present an interest of young people in giving help to the elderly through institutional and non-institutional care. We live in a time when global and consequently also Slovenian society became strongly aware of importance of the elderly as one of its consisting part. So, it has to be stressed that additional study programmes should be introduced which will bring education in various fields of social gerontology. This need was particularly emphasized during the COVID-19 epidemic, when all homes for the elderly faced the lack of trained staff. The aim of the paper is examination of a topic summarized in a questionnaire which was used to find out how well present and future students know problems of older people and their ways of life. We also asked them, whether they would be willing to dedicate their professional career to dealing with ageing population. We realised that young people know that work with the elderly is strenous. They are acquainted with problems of ageing and ways of older people living. Furthermore, they are aware that dealing with the elderly requires much benevolence, empathy and personal respect to other people. It is recommended that offer of education in a field of elderly care gets improved and upgraded. It would lead to a higher number of young people who would decide to enrol into educational programmes of social gerontology.

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography Signals of Older People for Reminiscence Therapy

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Panote Siriaraya ◽  
Dongeun Choi ◽  
Noriaki Kuwahara
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Communication Support ◽  
Reminiscence Therapy ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Positive And Negative Emotions

Objective: Numerous communication support systems based on reminiscence therapy have been developed. However, when using communication support systems, the emotional assessment of older people is generally conducted using verbal feedback or questionnaires. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using Electroencephalography (EEG) signals for automatic emotion recognition during RT for older people.Participants: Eleven older people (mean 71.25, SD 4.66) and seven young people (mean 22.4, SD 1.51) participated in the experiment.Methods: Old public photographs were used as material for reminiscence therapy. The EEG signals of the older people were collected while the older people and young people were talking about the contents of the photos. Since emotions change slowly and responses are characterized by delayed effects in EEG, the depth models LSTM and Bi-LSTM were selected to extract complex emotional features from EEG signals for automatic recognition of emotions.Results: The EEG data of 8 channels were inputted into the LSTM and Bi-LSTM models to classify positive and negative emotions. The recognition highest accuracy rate of the two models were 90.8% and 95.8% respectively. The four-channel EEG data based Bi-LSTM also reached 94.4%.Conclusion: Since the Bi-LSTM model could tap into the influence of “past” and “future” emotional states on the current emotional state in the EEG signal, we found that it can help improve the ability to recognize positive and negative emotions in older people. In particular, it is feasible to use EEG signals without the necessity of multimodal physiological signals for emotion recognition in the communication support systems for reminiscence therapy when using this model.

scholarly journals The Australian labour market in 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 002218562110022
Author(s):  
Elisa Birch ◽  
Alison Preston
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Food Services ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
The Future

This article provides a review of the Australian labour market in 2020. It outlines the monetary and fiscal responses to COVID-19 (including JobKeeper, JobSeeker and JobMaker policies), describes trends in employment, unemployment and underemployment and summarises the Fair Work Commission’s 2020 minimum wage decision. Data show that in the year to September 2020, total monthly hours worked fell by 5.9% for males and 3.8% for females. Job loss was proportionately larger amongst young people (aged 20–29) and older people. It was also disproportionately higher in female-dominated sectors such as Accommodation and Food Services. Unlike the earlier recession (1991), when more than 90% of jobs lost were previously held by males, a significant share (around 40%) of the job loss in the 2020 recession (year to August 2020) were jobs previously held by females. Notwithstanding a pick-up in employment towards year’s end, the future remains uncertain.

Escaping the Trap: Losing the Northern Cities Shift in Real Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-398
Author(s):  
Anja Thiel ◽  
Aaron J. Dinkin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Time Change ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Small City ◽  
Northern Cities Shift ◽  
Northern Cities

AbstractWe examine the loss of the Northern Cities Shift raising of trap in Ogdensburg, a small city in rural northern New York. Although data from 2008 showed robust trap-raising among young people in Ogdensburg, in data collected in 2016 no speakers clear the 700-Hz threshold for NCS participation in F1 of trap—a seemingly very rapid real-time change. We find apparent-time change in style-shifting: although older people raise trap more in wordlist reading than in spontaneous speech, younger people do the opposite. We infer that increasing negative evaluation of the feature led Ogdensburg speakers to collectively abandon raising trap between 2008 and 2016. This indicates a role for communal change in the transition of a dialect feature from an indicator to a marker.

Ageing in an aged society: experiences and attitudes of Catholic order members towards population ageing and older people

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC LUY ◽  
PRISKA FLANDORFER ◽  
PAOLA DI GIULIO
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Older People ◽  
General Public ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Intergenerational Solidarity ◽  
Basic Pattern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Aged Society

ABSTRACTPopulation ageing occurs in all industrialised societies and is the demographic phenomenon that currently gets the highest attention from scientists, policy makers and the general public. The main aim of this paper is to broaden our understanding of its societal consequences, such as ageism and intergenerational solidarity. Our study is based on the 2008 investigation of attitudes towards population ageing and older people in seven European countries of Schoenmaeckerset al.We replicate their analysis in a specific human subpopulation in which the process of population ageing started earlier and is much more advanced than in the general societies: the members of Catholic orders. The study compares the attitudes of 148 nuns and monks from three Bavarian monasteries to those of the western German general population using descriptive and multivariate analyses in the context of the debate around population ageing in Germany. We discuss the specific characteristics of order members that might influence their attitudes and also take a brief look at their views on possible political strategies to solve the problems connected with the demographic changes. Our results confirm the findings of Schoenmaeckerset al.and reveal that worldly and monastic populations show an identical basic pattern of a positive attitude towards older people while at the same time considering population ageing a worrisome development. However, order members evaluate older people's abilities and their role in society more positively. This result gives rise to the optimistic perspective that in an aged population the younger and older generations can build a well-functioning society.

Institutional Care and Family Reintegration: The Transition Process in the Voices of Young Brazilians

2022 ◽  
pp. 234930032110156
Author(s):  
Marlene Schüssler D’Aroz
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Family Reintegration ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
Life Trajectory

This article aims to present reflections on the transition from being institutionalised to autonomous life, from the perspective of deinstitutionalised young Brazilians. Five young adults participated in the pilot study. The Piagetian clinical method was used. Through semi-structured interviews, the following were investigated: causes of institutionalisation, preparation for transition, deinstitutionalisation and perspectives of present and future life. The results indicate that there was no effective preparation for transition from the institution to the family and/or independent life. Biological families have difficulties in achieving (re) integration and overcoming conflicts between parents and children. In conclusion, when leaving institutions, some young people manage to build their own arrangements for a new life trajectory, while others return to contexts of risk and life on the street. Public policies to assist these young people should be prioritised.

You are never too old to be happy. What has life taught the elderly?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-198
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sygulska
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Research Interview ◽  
Elder People

Elder people have knowledge and experience – they can share them with other people. Seniors can teach young people different things. Their stories can indicate what is important in life and what should be avoided. The article presents the results of qualitative research (interview) on the lessons learned from the life experiences of the older people. The analysis of own research is preceded by the theoretical introduction about wisdom of life. Respondents highlighted mostly the importance of family, health, self-care and relationships with other people (friendship, honesty and respect towards others). Life showed them how important are: faith in God, enjoying every moment, patience in pursuing a goal, independently deciding about own life, realising your dreams, and work. Life experiences showed them how to deal with problems and that a person learns all life. They learned rules such as: money does not bring happiness, you cannot trust everyone, live the present and the good comes back. The elderly said that a person should make efforts to be happy.

Within family patterns of relative parental involvement across two generations of Swedish parents.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Wängqvist ◽  
Johanna Carlsson ◽  
Moin Syed ◽  
Ann Frisén ◽  
Michael E. Lamb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
Two Generations

Pathological gambling and behavior addiction in adulthood

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
L. Romo ◽  
A. Morvannou ◽  
N. Cheze ◽  
C. Legauffre ◽  
C. Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Professional Schools ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Assessment Scales

Gambling behaviors of young adults may begin in adolescence and continue or even worsen in adulthood (Goudriaan et al., 2009).Even if the young adult population is not an homogeneous group, studies show that almost 5% of young people, against 1% in general population showed pathological gambling (Dyke, 2009)Our objective was to study the presence of problem gambling among a population of young adults in professional-schools.We included 629 people, average age 20 and 66.4% of men. We used a battery of assessment scales of consumption of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, pathological gambling, compulsive shopping, video games addiction, anxiety and depression.The results show a prevalence of 1.6% of young people with a score of pathological gambling in the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI) and 7% with a score of problematic use.The findings regarding depression, anxiety and other dependencies will be discussed.

Violation of ethical principles in institutional care for older people

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka Bužgová ◽  
Kateřina Ivanová
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Unethical Conduct ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Employees Satisfaction ◽  
Mental Problems

This study focuses on issues of elder abuse in residential settings. Violation of ethical principles is shown in the results of this quantitative study aimed at defining the extent, nature and causes of such abuse by employees’ unethical conduct towards clients in senior homes (i.e. residential nursing homes) in the Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic. The research sample comprised 454 employees and 488 clients from 12 residential homes for older people. The data were collected from interviews with clients, who also received a questionnaire concerning their satisfaction with the institution. Two questionnaires were administered to the employees, one based on a pilot qualitative study and a second to investigate burnout. Outcomes were assessed according to the extent and form of elder abuse, the causes of elder abuse and the violation of basic ethical principles. The responses, in particular those of employees, revealed both psychological and physical abuse of older clients, and thus violation of two basic principles: respect for the person and non-maleficence. The group at risk of elder abuse comprised aggressive and dissatisfied clients, as well as those with mental problems and dementia. The employees most at risk of being abusers were those who had been employed in institutional care for more than five years, had inadequate knowledge about social services and suffered from burnout. The prevention of elder abuse is recommended to be through education focused on ethical principles, increasing employees’ satisfaction by promoting a friendly and safe organizational culture, and providing adequate working conditions.

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