scholarly journals Internalizing Symptom Profiles Among Youth in Foster Care: A Comparison Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Moussavi ◽  
Kyrre Breivik ◽  
Gro Janne Wergeland ◽  
Bente Storm Mowatt Haugland ◽  
Marit Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Youth In Foster Care ◽  
Latent Profile

Background: A high prevalence of anxiety and depression is found among youth in foster care. There is limited knowledge on the anxiety and depression symptom profiles of youth in foster care. We examined latent profiles of anxiety and depression symptoms across three unique youth samples and whether youth in foster care were more or less likely to belong to specific symptom profiles than their peers recruited from clinical or general youth populations. We also investigated if these profiles were predicted by sex and age.Methods: Self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed by Spence Children's Anxiety Scale and Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. Data were pooled from three youth samples (N = 2,005; mean age = 13.9 years, range = 11–18 years) comprising youth in foster care (n = 245), a clinical youth sample (n = 107), and a general population youth sample (n = 1,653). Symptom profiles were identified using latent profile analyses. Multinominal logistic regression was used to predict the latent profile membership.Results: Three profiles that differed both in symptom level and shape were identified and labeled as low, medium, and high symptom profile. Compared to the general population youth sample, youth in foster care had a higher likelihood of belonging to the high symptom profile, but not the medium symptom profile. Youth from the clinical sample had an increased risk of belonging to the medium and high symptom profiles compared to the youth in foster care and general population youth samples. Across samples, girls yielded a higher likelihood of having a medium or high symptom profile. Increasing age was associated with a higher likelihood of being in the high symptom profile.Conclusion: Compared to their counterparts in the general population, youth in foster care are at risk of belonging to a class of youth with high symptom levels across subtypes of internalizing symptoms, indicating the importance of systematic and broad assessment of internalizing symptoms among these youth. Knowledge on the symptom profiles of anxiety subtypes and depression increases our understanding of the treatment needs of youth in foster care.

scholarly journals Internalizing Symptoms Among Youth in Foster Care: Prevalence and Associations with Exposure to Maltreatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Moussavi ◽  
Gro Janne Wergeland ◽  
Tormod Bøe ◽  
Bente Storm Mowatt Haugland ◽  
Marit Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Adolescent Trauma ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Symptom Level ◽  
Child And Adolescent Trauma ◽  
Youth In Foster Care

AbstractAmong youth in foster care (N = 303, aged 11–17 years), we investigated prevalence of internalizing symptoms; associations between symptom level and maltreatment types and numbers; and the interaction between gender and maltreatment, on internalizing symptoms. Youth completed Spence Children Anxiety Scale, Short Mood Feelings Questionnaire, and Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen. Compared to community samples, symptom levels above clinical cut-off was more frequent, with social- and generalized anxiety (ES = 0.78–0.88) being most prevalent among youth in foster care. Girls reported more internalizing symptoms (ES = 0.59–0.93). Sexual abuse and neglect were associated with a broader range of internalizing symptoms (ES = 0.35–0.64). Increased incidence of maltreatment was associated with increased levels of symptoms (ES = 0.21–0.22). Associations between maltreatment and symptom level were stronger for girls. This study stresses the importance of broad screening of maltreatment and internalizing symptoms to meet the needs of youth in foster care.

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms, But Not ADHD or Internalizing Symptoms, Are Uniquely Related to Self-Reported Mind-Wandering in Adolescents With ADHD

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472092309
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Fredrick ◽  
Stephen P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Tempo

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the relation between sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms and self-reported mind-wandering in a sample of adolescents with ADHD. Method: Adolescents ( N = 79; aged 13–17 years; 70% male) diagnosed with ADHD completed measures of SCT, ADHD, anxiety, and depression symptoms, in addition to mind-wandering. Parents also provided ratings of adolescents’ ADHD symptoms. Results: All adolescent-reported psychopathology dimensions, including ADHD, internalizing, and SCT, were significantly bivariately correlated with greater mind-wandering. However, in regression analysis that considered psychopathologies simultaneously, SCT was the only dimension uniquely associated with greater mind-wandering. This finding was unchanged when parent-reported ADHD symptoms were included in the model. Conclusion: These findings are the first to show that SCT symptoms are uniquely related with self-reported mind-wandering in adolescents with ADHD and underscore the importance of considering co-occurring SCT symptoms when testing the interrelations between ADHD and mind-wandering. Replication is needed in larger samples and with other measures of mind-wandering.

Differences in anxiety and depression symptoms: comparison between older and younger clinical samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1523-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana M. Wuthrich ◽  
Carly J. Johnco ◽  
Julie L. Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Symptom Profiles

ABSTRACTBackground:Anxiety and depression symptoms change over the lifespan and older adults use different terms to describe their mental health, contributing to under identification of anxiety and depression in older adults. To date, research has not examined these differences in younger and older samples with comorbid anxiety and depression.Methods:One hundred and seven treatment-seeking participants (47 older, 60% female, and 60 younger, 50% female) with anxiety and mood disorders completed the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule and a symptom checklist to examine differences in symptom severity, symptom profiles and terms used to describe anxiety and mood.Results:The findings indicated several key differences between the presentation and description of anxiety and depression in younger and older adults. Older adults with Social Phobia reported fearing a narrower range of social situations and less distress and interference. Older adults with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) reported less worry about interpersonal relationships and work/school than younger adults, however, there were no differences between age groups for behavioral symptoms endorsed. Further older adults reported phobia of lifts/small spaces more frequently than younger adults. Depressed older depressed adults also reported more anhedonia compared to younger adults, but no differences in terms of reported sadness were found. Finally, older and younger adults differed in their descriptions of symptoms with older adults describing anxiety as feeling stressed and tense, while younger adults described anxiety as feeling anxious, worried or nervous.Conclusions:Clinicians need to assess symptoms broadly to avoid missing the presence of anxiety and mood disorders especially in older adults.

A 4-year follow-up study of syndromal and sub-syndromal anxiety and depression symptoms in the general population

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottar Bjerkeset ◽  
Hans M. Nordahl ◽  
Sara Larsson ◽  
Alv A. Dahl ◽  
Olav Linaker
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals The dynamics of internalizing and externalizing comorbidity across the early school years

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 1033-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Willner ◽  
Lisa M. Gatzke-Kopp ◽  
Bethany C. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Developmental Course ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractHigh rates of comorbidity are observed between internalizing and externalizing problems, yet the developmental dynamics of comorbid symptom presentations are not yet well understood. This study explored the developmental course of latent profiles of internalizing and externalizing symptoms across kindergarten, first grade, and second grade. The sample consisted of 336 children from an urban, low-income community, selected based on relatively high (61%) or low (39%) aggressive/oppositional behavior problems at school entry (64% male; 70% African American, 20% Hispanic). Teachers reported on children's symptoms in each year. An exploratory latent profile analysis of children's scores on aggression/oppositionality, hyperactivity/inattention, anxiety, and social withdrawal symptom factors revealed four latent symptom profiles: comorbid (48% of the sample in each year), internalizing (19%–23%), externalizing (21%–22%), and well-adjusted (7%–11%). The developmental course of these symptom profiles was examined using a latent transition analysis, which revealed remarkably high continuity in the comorbid symptom profile (89% from one year to the next) and moderately high continuity in both the internalizing and externalizing profiles (80% and 71%, respectively). Internalizing children had a 20% probability of remitting to the well-adjusted profile by the following year, whereas externalizing children had a 25% probability of transitioning to the comorbid profile. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that a common vulnerability factor contributes to developmentally stable internalizing–externalizing comorbidity, while also suggesting that some children with externalizing symptoms are at risk for subsequently accumulating internalizing symptoms.

scholarly journals Active And Avoidant Coping Profiles In Children And Their Relationship With Anxiety And Depression During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaochu Zhang ◽  
Samuel M.Y. Ho ◽  
Yanlin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Active and avoidant coping styles are important dispositional factors for the development of anxiety and depression symptoms. Children use both active and avoidant coping together in daily life. No studies have investigated the relationship between active-avoidant coping profiles and internalizing symptoms of children in the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to investigate children’s active-avoidant coping profiles and assess the relationship of active-avoidant coping profiles to anxiety and depression symptoms in the COVID-19 pandemic. A two-wave longitudinal study was conducted among 322 Chinese children in mainland China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed the Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist – Revised1 in Time 1 and the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in Time 1 and 6 months later (Time 2). Four active-avoidant coping profiles were revealed: Low Active copers, High Active copers, Balanced copers, and Avoidant copers. Low and High Active copers were related to lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms than Balanced copers and Avoidant copers. Avoidant copers showed less decrease in depression symptoms than Balanced copers and High Active copers. It is important to improve children's active-avoidant coping profiles for relieving anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depression symptoms, the recovery from symptoms, and loneliness before and after the COVID-19 outbreak among the general population: Findings from a Dutch population-based longitudinal study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245057
Author(s):  
Peter G. van der Velden ◽  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Carlo Contino ◽  
Hans-Martin von Gaudecker ◽  
Ruud Muffels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Dutch Population ◽  
Emotional Loneliness ◽  
Before And After

Objectives Examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and loneliness in the general population. More specifically, the study focused on prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms, the extent to which individuals with existing symptoms recovered or not, the prevalence of subtypes of loneliness, and the extent to which loneliness before and during this pandemic was associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. Methods Data was extracted from the longitudinal LISS panel, based on a probability sample of the Dutch population, with assessments on loneliness in October 2019 (T1) and June 2020 (T4), and anxiety and depression symptoms in November 2019 (T2), March 2020 (T3) and June 2020 (T4; Ntotal = 4,084). Loneliness was examined with the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale and anxiety and depression symptoms with the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5). Results Repeated measures multivariate logistic regression analyses (RMMLRA) showed a statistical significant lower prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms after the outbreak (T4 = 15.3%) than before (T2 = 16.8%) and during the COVID-19 outbreak (T3 = 17.2%). According to the Reliable Change Index, the distribution of recovery categories (remission, improvement, unchanged and worsening symptoms) after the outbreak did not differ significantly from the distribution of these categories before the outbreak. RMMLRA revealed that the prevalence of emotional loneliness increased significantly after the outbreak (T1 = 18.4%, T4 = 24.8%). Among individuals who were not lonely before and after the outbreak the prevalence of symptoms decreased significantly (T2 = 7.0%, T4 = 4.4%) and, likewise, among those who were not lonely anymore after the outbreak (T2 = 21.5%, T4 = 14.5%). However, the prevalence of symptoms increased significantly among those who became lonely during the pandemic (T2 = 17.9%, T4 = 26.3%). Conclusions Findings suggest that this pandemic did not negatively affect the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms nor the normal recovery of symptoms among the general population during the first four months, but that emotional loneliness increased.

Sibling relationships and internalizing symptoms of youth in foster care

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1071-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armeda Stevenson Wojciak ◽  
Lenore M. McWey ◽  
Christine M. Helfrich
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Sibling Relationships ◽  
Youth In Foster Care

Social media use, physical activity, and internalizing symptoms in adolescence: Cross-sectional analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Rutter ◽  
Holly M. Thompson ◽  
Jacqueline Howard ◽  
Tennisha N. Riley ◽  
Robinson De Jesus-Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anxiety Depression

BACKGROUND An overwhelming majority of American adolescents have access to smartphones, and recent estimates suggest that they spend considerable time on social media in comparison to other physical and leisure activities. A large body of literature has established that social media use is related to poor mental health, but the complicated relationship between social media and symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescents is yet to be fully understood. OBJECTIVE Our primary aim was to investigate the effect of social media use on anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents, exploring physical activity as a mediator. METHODS A Qualtrics survey manager recruited adult panel participants between February and March 2019, who indicated they had adolescent children who spoke English. A total of 4,592 adolescent-parent dyads completed the survey, which took approximately 39 minutes. The survey entailed completing online questionnaires assessing various aspects of social media use, psychological symptoms, and psychosocial factors. The average age of adolescent participants was 14.62 (SD = 1.68, [12-17]), and the majority of the adolescent sample was male (52.01%). RESULTS There were significant differences in symptoms based on gender: females reported higher rates of social media use and males reported higher rates of depression. Non-binary and transgender adolescents had higher rates of anxiety, depression, and loneliness than the female and male adolescents in the sample. Results showed a positive relationship between social media use and internalizing symptoms, with greater use linked to higher rates of anxiety (r = .26, P <.001), depression (r = .32, P <.001), and loneliness (r = .23, P <.001), replicating prior findings. Physical activity was associated with decreased anxiety and depression symptoms after controlling for other extracurricular activities and social media use ( = -.21, R2 = .24, F (5, 4290) = 266.0, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS More social media use is associated with higher rates of anxiety, depression, and loneliness among adolescents, controlling for age and gender. Exercise may protect against the potentially harmful effects of social media in some adolescents. Limitations of the current study include its self-report nature and cross-sectional design. Overall, findings suggest the need to tailor interventions for anxious and depressed youth, and caution against over-involvement in extracurricular activities, including exercise. Future work should examine social media use beyond how much time adolescents spend using social media, and instead focus on the type of social media consumption. CLINICALTRIAL n/a

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