scholarly journals ROA: A Rapid Learning Scheme for In-Situ Memristor Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Yaoyuan Wang ◽  
Xinglong Ji ◽  
Yujie Wu ◽  
Rong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Great Promise ◽  
Uncertain Environments ◽  
Dynamic Learning ◽  
Learning Scheme ◽  
Offline Learning ◽  
Meta Learning ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
One Step ◽  
On Chip

Memristors show great promise in neuromorphic computing owing to their high-density integration, fast computing and low-energy consumption. However, the non-ideal update of synaptic weight in memristor devices, including nonlinearity, asymmetry and device variation, still poses challenges to the in-situ learning of memristors, thereby limiting their broad applications. Although the existing offline learning schemes can avoid this problem by transferring the weight optimization process into cloud, it is difficult to adapt to unseen tasks and uncertain environments. Here, we propose a bi-level meta-learning scheme that can alleviate the non-ideal update problem, and achieve fast adaptation and high accuracy, named Rapid One-step Adaption (ROA). By introducing a special regularization constraint and a dynamic learning rate strategy for in-situ learning, the ROA method effectively combines offline pre-training and online rapid one-step adaption. Furthermore, we implemented it on memristor-based neural networks to solve few-shot learning tasks, proving its superiority over the pure offline and online schemes under noisy conditions. This method can solve in-situ learning in non-ideal memristor networks, providing potential applications of on-chip neuromorphic learning and edge computing.

The interlocked in situ fabrication of graphene@prussian blue nanocomposite as high-performance supercapacitor

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (37) ◽  
pp. 13126-13134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Cheng Wang ◽  
Minli Gu ◽  
Luqing Pan ◽  
Junfeng Xu ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
High Quality ◽  
In Situ Fabrication ◽  
Excellent Electrochemical Performance ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
Method Show

High-quality graphene@prussian blue (G@PB) nanocomposite sheets fabricated via the one-step in situ hydrothermal method show great promise for energy-storage hybrid electrodes with excellent electrochemical performance.

In situ formation of Ni3S2–Cu1.8S nanosheets to promote hybrid supercapacitor performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 11044-11052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadong Liu ◽  
Guoqiang Liu ◽  
Xiong Nie ◽  
Anqiang Pan ◽  
Shuquan Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitor ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
One Step ◽  
Supercapacitor Performance ◽  
In Situ Formation

Ni3S2–Cu1.8S nanosheets were fabricated by a one-step co-sulfurization with in situ ion exchange, demonstrating potential applications in hybrid supercapacitors.

An in situ and ex situ TEM study of the formation of thin cobalt silicide films by molecular beam epitaxy on the silicon (100) surface

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 884-885
Author(s):  
D. Loretto ◽  
J. M. Gibson ◽  
S. M. Yalisove ◽  
R. T. Tung
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Defect Density ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Potential Applications

The cobalt disilicide/silicon system has potential applications as a metal-base and as a permeable-base transistor. Although thin, low defect density, films of CoSi2 on Si(111) have been successfully grown, there are reasons to believe that Si(100)/CoSi2 may be better suited to the transmission of electrons at the silicon/silicide interface than Si(111)/CoSi2. A TEM study of the formation of CoSi2 on Si(100) is therefore being conducted. We have previously reported TEM observations on Si(111)/CoSi2 grown both in situ, in an ultra high vacuum (UHV) TEM and ex situ, in a conventional Molecular Beam Epitaxy system.The procedures used for the MBE growth have been described elsewhere. In situ experiments were performed in a JEOL 200CX electron microscope, extensively modified to give a vacuum of better than 10-9 T in the specimen region and the capacity to do in situ sample heating and deposition. Cobalt was deposited onto clean Si(100) samples by thermal evaporation from cobalt-coated Ta filaments.

Calorimetric Sensor for Ethanol Using Ni2+-nitrilotriacetic Acid (NTA) Resin Immobilized Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-799
Author(s):  
YongJin Li
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Calorimetric Sensor ◽  
Controlled Pore Glass ◽  
Pore Glass ◽  
One Step ◽  
Immobilization Matrix ◽  
Enzyme Thermistor

Background: A simple, fast and economic analytical method for the determination of ethanol is important for clinical, biological, forensic and physico-legal purposes. Methods: Ni2+-NTA resin was used as an immobilization matrix for the simple one-step purification/ immobilization of his6-tagged ADH. Different alcohols with a concentration range of 0.5-50% V/V, namely methanol, ethanol and propanol were measured using prepared ADH enzyme thermistor. The ethanol content of Tsingtao beer was tested as a real sample containing alcohol. Reproducibility and stability of prepared ADH enzyme thermistor were also investigated by repeated measurements. Results: In comparison to the controlled pore glass (a common used support for the immobilization of enzyme) used in thermal biosensor, the use of Ni2+-NTA resin not only led to simple one-step purification/ immobilization by his6-tagged ADH binding to Ni2+-NTA resin, but also made the immobilizing supports reusable. The prepared biosensor can be used to determine ethanol and methanol by the calorimetric measurement. A linear range of 1 -32% (V/V) and 2-20% (V/V) was observed for ethanol and methanol, respectively. The detection limits were 0.3% (V/V) and 1% (V/V) for ethanol and methanol, respectively. The tested ethanol concentration of Tsingtao beer was 4.5% V/V, which is comparable with the labeled alcohol by volume (ABV) 4.80%. Conclusion: Ni2+-NTA resin, as an immobilization matrix in ET sensor, provides a simple one-step purification/immobilization for His6-tagged recombinase and a reusable immobilization matrix. The prepared biosensor exhibits good repeatability and stability. Such a new biosensor shows great promise for rapid, simple, and cost-effective analysis of ethanol and methanol, both in qualitative and in quantitative tests.

scholarly journals Influence of protein (human galectin-3) design on aspects of lectin activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel García Caballero ◽  
Donella Beckwith ◽  
Nadezhda V. Shilova ◽  
Adele Gabba ◽  
Tanja J. Kutzner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Design ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Modular Assembly ◽  
Binding Partners ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Similar Affinity

Abstract The concept of biomedical significance of the functional pairing between tissue lectins and their glycoconjugate counterreceptors has reached the mainstream of research on the flow of biological information. A major challenge now is to identify the principles of structure–activity relationships that underlie specificity of recognition and the ensuing post-binding processes. Toward this end, we focus on a distinct feature on the side of the lectin, i.e. its architecture to present the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Working with a multifunctional human lectin, i.e. galectin-3, as model, its CRD is used in protein engineering to build variants with different modular assembly. Hereby, it becomes possible to compare activity features of the natural design, i.e. CRD attached to an N-terminal tail, with those of homo- and heterodimers and the tail-free protein. Thermodynamics of binding disaccharides proved full activity of all proteins at very similar affinity. The following glycan array testing revealed maintained preferential contact formation with N-acetyllactosamine oligomers and histo-blood group ABH epitopes irrespective of variant design. The study of carbohydrate-inhibitable binding of the test panel disclosed up to qualitative cell-type-dependent differences in sections of fixed murine epididymis and especially jejunum. By probing topological aspects of binding, the susceptibility to inhibition by a tetravalent glycocluster was markedly different for the wild-type vs the homodimeric variant proteins. The results teach the salient lesson that protein design matters: the type of CRD presentation can have a profound bearing on whether basically suited oligosaccharides, which for example tested positively in an array, will become binding partners in situ. When lectin-glycoconjugate aggregates (lattices) are formed, their structural organization will depend on this parameter. Further testing (ga)lectin variants will thus be instrumental (i) to define the full range of impact of altering protein assembly and (ii) to explain why certain types of design have been favored during the course of evolution, besides opening biomedical perspectives for potential applications of the novel galectin forms.

scholarly journals Laser-excited elastic guided waves reveal the complex mechanics of nanoporous silicon

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Thelen ◽  
Nicolas Bochud ◽  
Manuel Brinker ◽  
Claire Prada ◽  
Patrick Huber
Keyword(s):  
Guided Waves ◽  
Laser Ultrasonics ◽  
Bulk Silicon ◽  
Nanoporous Silicon ◽  
Stiffness Reduction ◽  
Mechanical Characterisation ◽  
Isotropic Elasticity ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractNanoporosity in silicon leads to completely new functionalities of this mainstream semiconductor. A difficult to assess mechanics has however significantly limited its application in fields ranging from nanofluidics and biosensorics to drug delivery, energy storage and photonics. Here, we present a study on laser-excited elastic guided waves detected contactless and non-destructively in dry and liquid-infused single-crystalline porous silicon. These experiments reveal that the self-organised formation of 100 billions of parallel nanopores per square centimetre cross section results in a nearly isotropic elasticity perpendicular to the pore axes and an 80% effective stiffness reduction, altogether leading to significant deviations from the cubic anisotropy observed in bulk silicon. Our thorough assessment of the wafer-scale mechanics of nanoporous silicon provides the base for predictive applications in robust on-chip devices and evidences that recent breakthroughs in laser ultrasonics open up entirely new frontiers for in-situ, non-destructive mechanical characterisation of dry and liquid-functionalised porous materials.

scholarly journals Controlled density glycodendron microarrays for studying carbohydrate–lectin interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Di Maio ◽  
Anna Cioce ◽  
Silvia Achilli ◽  
Michel Thépaut ◽  
Corinne Vivès ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Tof Ms

Density depended binding and selectivity is studied on glycodendron microarray with defined valency, which were prepared by on-chip synthesis and analysed by in situ MALDI-TOF MS.

In situ formation of highly exposed NiPS3 nanosheets on nickel foam as an efficient 3D electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Fang ◽  
Yanping Xie ◽  
Peiyin Guo ◽  
Jingpei Zhu ◽  
Shuhui Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Nickel Foam ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Bifunctional Catalyst ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Chemical Vapor Transport ◽  
Overall Water Splitting ◽  
One Step ◽  
Transport Method

Vertical NiPS3 nanosheets in situ grown on conducting nickel foam were fabricated by a facile one-step chemical vapor transport method and used as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting.

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