scholarly journals Can Robots Earn Our Trust the Same Way Humans Do? A Systematic Exploration of Competence, Warmth, and Anthropomorphism as Determinants of Trust Development in HRI

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Christoforakos ◽  
Alessio Gallucci ◽  
Tinatini Surmava-Große ◽  
Daniel Ullrich ◽  
Sarah Diefenbach
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trust Development ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Human Player

Robots increasingly act as our social counterparts in domains such as healthcare and retail. For these human-robot interactions (HRI) to be effective, a question arises on whether we trust robots the same way we trust humans. We investigated whether the determinants competence and warmth, known to influence interpersonal trust development, influence trust development in HRI, and what role anthropomorphism plays in this interrelation. In two online studies with 2 × 2 between-subjects design, we investigated the role of robot competence (Study 1) and robot warmth (Study 2) in trust development in HRI. Each study explored the role of robot anthropomorphism in the respective interrelation. Videos showing an HRI were used for manipulations of robot competence (through varying gameplay competence) and robot anthropomorphism (through verbal and non-verbal design cues and the robot's presentation within the study introduction) in Study 1 (n = 155) as well as robot warmth (through varying compatibility of intentions with the human player) and robot anthropomorphism (same as Study 1) in Study 2 (n = 157). Results show a positive effect of robot competence (Study 1) and robot warmth (Study 2) on trust development in robots regarding anticipated trust and attributed trustworthiness. Subjective perceptions of competence (Study 1) and warmth (Study 2) mediated the interrelations in question. Considering applied manipulations, robot anthropomorphism neither moderated interrelations of robot competence and trust (Study 1) nor robot warmth and trust (Study 2). Considering subjective perceptions, perceived anthropomorphism moderated the effect of perceived competence (Study 1) and perceived warmth (Study 2) on trust on an attributional level. Overall results support the importance of robot competence and warmth for trust development in HRI and imply transferability regarding determinants of trust development in interpersonal interaction to HRI. Results indicate a possible role of perceived anthropomorphism in these interrelations and support a combined consideration of these variables in future studies. Insights deepen the understanding of key variables and their interaction in trust dynamics in HRI and suggest possibly relevant design factors to enable appropriate trust levels and a resulting desirable HRI. Methodological and conceptual limitations underline benefits of a rather robot-specific approach for future research.

scholarly journals Effects of Self-Control on Subjective Well-Being: Examining the Moderating Role of Trait and State Motivation

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojun Zhao ◽  
Fusen Xie ◽  
Yuchen Luo ◽  
Yixuan Liu ◽  
Yuan Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Motivation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Moderating Role

It is well documented that self-control has a positive effect on individuals’ subjective well-being. However, little research has focused on the moderators underlying this relationship. The present research used two studies to examine the moderating role of both trait and state motivation on the relationship between self-control and subjective well-being using psychometric and experimental models, respectively. In Study 1, we explored whether trait motivation (including promotion vs. prevention motivation) moderated the relationship between trait self-control and subjective well-being using a psychometric model. In Study 2, we examined the moderating effects of both trait and state motivation on the effect of state self-control (measured via ego depletion) on subjective well-being using an experimental model. Our results indicated that self-control had a positive effect on subjective well-being, with this relationship being primarily moderated by prevention motivation. When state and trait prevention motivations were congruent, self-control had the most obvious impact on subjective well-being. This study suggests that current understandings around the association between self-control and happiness is limited, implying that motivation should be the focus of future research.

Assessing 40 Years of Group Vitality Research and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Y. Bourhis ◽  
Itesh Sachdev ◽  
Martin Ehala ◽  
Howard Giles
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Language Minorities ◽  
Future Research Directions

This article provides key group vitality concepts followed by a selective overview of four decades of research on vitality issues. Group vitality is what makes language communities behave as distinctive and active collective entities within multilingual settings. Three structural factors combine to foster strong to weak group vitality: demographic factors, institutional support, and status. The objective vitality framework uses available census and sociolinguistic indicators to measure the relative vitality of minority and majority language communities in contact. Two case studies show the crucial role of language policies in improving or undermining the vitality of language minorities in Canada. Studies of subjective perceptions of group vitality are reviewed as they relate to language and communicative outcomes. Key vitality models are noted along with future research directions highlighting the need for a theoretical integration of the vitality framework.

The Role of Psychological Attachment in Trust Violation and Repair

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Dangaltcheva
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Willingness To Accept ◽  
Trust Development ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Share Information ◽  
Insight Into

Interpersonal trust is the willingness to accept vulnerability based upon positive expectations about another person’s behaviour. A breach in trust occurs when these expectations are not met. Apologies are one way to restore trusting relations and encourage forgiveness. Because past relationships may affect both trust development and forgiveness, I draw on psychological attachment theory for insight into the nature of people’s past relationships. A person may develop one of three attachment styles: secure, anxious, or avoidant. A secure style represents a normal healthy relationship, whereas anxious individuals cling to others and fear rejection and avoidant individuals are self reliant and distance themselves from others. This laboratory experiment tests the extent to which individuals with different attachment styles develop trust with a stranger, change their emotions and reported trust levels after the trust has been violated, and respond to an apology designed to repair trust. To develop trust in the laboratory, participants share information about themselves and complete an obstacle course while blindfolded. Trust violation then occurs during a planned activity early in the experiment, after which half of the participants receive an apology and the other half do not. Questionnaires then assess levels of emotion and trust, which are compared between individuals in the apology and no‐apology conditions. This research may help establish a close relationship between attachment style and trust violation and repair. Future research may look into other ways to repair trust, particularly for insecure individuals who may not respond positively to an apology.

scholarly journals Help Comes from Understanding: The Positive Effect of Communication Visibility on Employee Helping Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5022
Author(s):  
Liang Liang ◽  
Guyang Tian ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Yezhuang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Proactive Personality ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Extant research focuses on the antecedents of employee helping behavior, but the role of social technologies in enhancing employee helping behavior remains understudied. The purpose of our research is to investigate the relationship between communication visibility and employee helping behavior. Drawing on both communication visibility theory and social cognitive theory, we propose that the association between communication visibility and helping behavior is mediated by employee psychological state assessed by a cognitive state variable: trust in coworkers. Further, we also propose that proactive personality moderates the positive effect of trust in coworkers on employee helping behavior. We examined our hypothesized relationships using 149 employees collected in a field experiment in China. As hypothesized, we find that trust in coworkers mediates the relationship between communication visibility and helping behavior. Moreover, proactive personality strengthens the effectiveness of communication visibility. We discuss the implications of our findings for future research and practice.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Knowledge Creation on the Market Sensing- Innovation Nexus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Okechukwu Lawrence Emeagwali
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Top Management Teams ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effect

This study examined the influential role of knowledge creation in facilitating the effect of market-sensing on innovation. It specifically examines this phenomenon among small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The study hypothesized that market sensing will exogenously have a significant and positive effect on knowledge creation, which will in turn have a positive effect on innovation. Data was collected from strategic managers from the top management teams of 310 small and medium scale enterprises randomly selected from the country’s six geopolitical zones. Using covariance based structural equation modeling (SEM) carried out via version 23 of IBM’s AMOS software. Findings confirmed all four hypotheses specifically demonstrating that market sensing positively impacted knowledge creation and innovation, while knowledge creation was both found to have a positive effect on innovation and to also significantly mediate the effect of market-sensing on innovation. The study then discusses the implication of the findings for both literature and practice, while recommending areas for future research.

scholarly journals Perceived CSR and Corporate Reputation: The Mediating Role of Employee Trust

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama Shankar Yadav ◽  
Sanket Sunand Dash ◽  
Shreyashi Chakraborty ◽  
Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Reputation ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Trust Development ◽  
Employee Trust ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Corporate Social

Executive Summary This research article focuses on the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in building corporate reputation of an organization. Scholars have studied CSR as an antecedent of corporate reputation, but the underlying mechanism of this process has been rarely explored. In order to fill this research gap, authors conducted an empirical study on 210 employees working in an automobile organization in India. The conceptual framework based on comprehensive literature review hypothesized that the perceived CSR of an organization may lead to trust development among the employees which in turn may lead to building of corporate reputation of the organization. The model was tested and all the hypotheses were accepted. Hence, it may be inferred that perceived CSR of an organization may develop a sense of trust among employees of an organization and in turn leading to the building of corporate reputation. The study has several implications for managers and scholars. The findings give a clear understanding that CSR activities of any organization can lead to trust development among employees at the same time they may aid in enhancing the corporate reputation of an organization. Hence, we suggest that in order to gain maximum benefits from CSR, managers should ensure that all the employees are aware of their firm’s CSR activities. Further, managers should adopt CSR activities that have high salience among current or potential employees so that its benefits are positively impacting its stakeholders and the firm. Such CSR activities can include investments in institutions where training is imparted to the organization’s workforce; organizing social welfare activities in areas close to the company’s location. The study also has future research implications for researchers working in the area of CSR. Scholars can explore other mediating variables which may explain the underlying mechanism between CSR and corporate reputation. The study can also be replicated in other sectors in order to enhance the generalizability of the findings.

scholarly journals Forest and Wellbeing: Bridging Medical and Forest Research for Effective Forest-Based Initiatives

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Doimo ◽  
Mauro Masiero ◽  
Paola Gatto
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Human Wellbeing ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Forest Managers

Research Highlights: This review gives an overview of existing literature on the emerging topic of human wellbeing-forest contact nexus and provides a preliminary framework linking forests to wellbeing by highlighting key variables affecting this relationship. Background and Objectives: Existing literature reveals the psychological, physiological and social wellbeing benefits of contact with forest ecosystems; however, the role of forests in this relationship remains largely unexplored. The objectives of this review are twofold: (i) to provide an overview of the contributions of forest experiences to human wellbeing and the related interplay with forest ecosystems and (ii) to identify knowledge gaps to inform future research and systematize information available for forest managers and planners to support the development of effective forest-based initiatives. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was performed with a five-phase method integrating a systematic approach on Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases and snowball search. Studies were analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method. Results: Overall, 93 papers were included in the review. These are mainly from health-related sciences providing limited information for forest managers, planners and practitioners. Four main underlying variables of the forest-wellbeing relationship are identified: interaction, forest features, sensorial dimension of the forest and individual traits and reactions. Conclusions: Forest-based initiatives provide good opportunities for supporting public health and time spent in contact with forests seems to have a “health-bonus”. Whether and to what extent forest management can contribute to this is still poorly investigated. There is the need to better study causal relationships between specific forest features, type of interactions, frequency and “dose” of experiences, individual reactions and needs and wellbeing effects to maximize benefits from forest-based initiatives.

scholarly journals The Role of Occupational Identification During Post-Merger Integration

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Kroon ◽  
Niels G. Noorderhaven
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Post Merger Integration ◽  
Merger Integration ◽  
Positive Effect

Integration processes after mergers are fraught with difficulties, and constitute a main cause of merger failure. This study focuses on the human aspect of post-merger integration, and in particular, on the role of occupational identification. We theorize and empirically demonstrate by means of a survey design that employees’ identification with their occupation is positively related to their willingness to cooperate in the post-merger integration process, over and above the effect of organization members’ organizational identification. This positive effect of occupational identification is stronger for uniformed personnel but attenuates in the course of the integration process. Qualitative interviews further explore and interpret the results from our statistical analysis. Together, these findings have important practical implications and suggest future research directions.

scholarly journals The Influence of Trust on Creativity: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Cheng Yu ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Fang Lu ◽  
Wangbing Shen
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Collaborative Culture ◽  
Team Communication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group Trust ◽  
Positive Effect

Examining the trust-creativity relationship is important to promote creativity and organizational innovation. The goal of this study is to investigate how trust influences creativity by summarizing existing findings of diverse empirical studies. The impact of trust at different levels on creativity primarily manifests in three ways: (1) individuals' cognition- and affect-based trust has a positive effect on creativity together with the role of trust-derived perspective taking in creativity; (2) interpersonal trust helps enhance the joint creativity of an entire group via mediators such as team communication and commitment together with trust-evoked safety and the motivation to risk proposing, sharing, accepting or adopting uncommon ideas; (3) group trust has a positive, mostly indirect effect on creativity via mediating variables such as collaborative culture/climate and team communication. Potential implications and avenues for future research are also discussed.

scholarly journals Is Internationalization Beneficial to Innovation? Evidence from a Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasa Ding ◽  
Frank McDonald ◽  
Yingqi Wei
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Design Factors

AbstractThis paper conducts a meta-analytical review to examine the impact of internationalization on innovation, with particular attention to the role of research design factors that may confound causal inferences. The existing literature is examined (1) to determine the average effect of internationalization on innovation and (2) to assess how variations in key aspects of research design has affected results. Analysis of 99 studies reveals that the effects of internationalization on innovation are diverse but are generally positive, albeit the effect sizes are mostly small to moderate. The inferred magnitude of such effects is influenced by research design factors and that country-context matters. The results suggest that internationalization measurements, data characteristics and statistical artifacts affect the variations in effect sizes. We conclude with a discussion of opportunities and challenges in future research on the internationalization-innovation nexus.

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