scholarly journals The Role of Trunk Training for Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance. Protocol for a Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atle Hole Saeterbakken ◽  
Vidar Andersen ◽  
David George Behm ◽  
Kristoffer Toldnes Cumming ◽  
Olaf Prieske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Training

The trunk (core) muscles are involved in daily functions (i. e., stabilizing the body in everyday tasks) and force generation of the limbs during athletic tasks such as kicking, throwing, or running. Even though trunk training is a popular means for improving physical fitness and athletic performance, the direct relationship of improved trunk function (i.e., stability, strength, or endurance), fitness and sport-specific performance is not conclusive. The aim of this proposed review is to evaluate the effects of trunk training on physical fitness and sport-specific performance, and to examine potential subject-related (e.g., age, sex) and trunk training-related moderator variables (e.g., training period, training frequency) for performance changes. We will conduct a systematic literature search in Web of Science, MEDLINE (via EBSCO) and SportDiscus. Relevant papers will be screened independently by two reviewers in two stages: (1) title and abstracts and (2) the full text of the remaining papers. A third reviewer will resolve possible disagreements. Data extraction and risk of bias of the included studies will be performed in addition to the PEDro scoring to judge the quality of the studies. A meta-analysis will be conducted to determine the efficacy of trunk training to increase physical fitness and sport-specific performance measures. In addition, subgroup univariate analyses were computed for subject-related (i.e., age, sex, performance level) and training-related moderator variables (i.e., training period, training frequency, training sessions, session duration). The results of this proposed systematic review and meta-analysis will assess the effects of trunk training on physical fitness and sport-specific and identify which subject-related and training-related moderate variables of trunk training modality might be beneficial for performance gains. This knowledge has potential importance for athletes and coaches in sports.

scholarly journals Influence of the individual typological features of autonomic regulation on the indicators of functional and physical readiness of athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Julia Kovalenko ◽  
Valeria Tyshchenko ◽  
Fedir Tovstopiatko ◽  
Sofia Novytska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Motor Training ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Fitness Indicators ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Training ◽  
Generalization Of Data ◽  
Individual Motor

Goal. To develop a program of training sessions, taking into account the individual motor propensity for purposeful improvement of functional and physical fitness of kayakers at the stage of preparation for higher achievements. Methods: analysis and generalization of data of special scientific and methodical literature and abstract databases on the research topic; pedagogical observations of the educational and training process, where the parameters of physical activity during classes were recorded; assessment of physical fitness indicators; assessment of functional status, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It turned out to be necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the body's adaptation to maximum physical activity, to achieve a "balanced" formation and stabilization of sports form in each individual kayaker at the stage of preparation for higher achievements with set deadlines and maintaining optimal readiness for competition. In this regard, the organization of the training process when planning training loads should be based on the properties of the development of the body of athletes and should be based on the types of motor training. The use of the author's program of training sessions, taking into account individual motor skills for purposeful improvement of functional and physical fitness has allowed to bring kayakers, who were involved in scientific research, to a new qualitative and quantitative level of skill, which has been implemented according to relevant indicators. Conclusions. The study of the effectiveness of different types of motor training at the stage of preparation for higher achievements in rowing kayakers on their functional and physical fitness expands the possibility of creating new and improving existing comprehensive training programs, the use of which will improve competitive activity.

scholarly journals The Effects of Psychological Skills Training for Archery Players in Korea: Research Synthesis Using Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2272
Author(s):  
Eui Jae Kim ◽  
Hyun Wook Kang ◽  
Seong Man Park
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Psychological Skills Training ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
And Training

The purpose of this meta-analysis study was to investigate the effectiveness of psychological skills training interventions for archery players in Korea. A total of 17 research papers examining the effects of psychological skills training interventions were selected for data analysis. To analyze the data, the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software program was used. The results of this study were as follows: The overall effect size of psychological skills training interventions for archery players was ES = 0.469 (Hedges’ g), which was a small effect size. The major factors that influenced the effects of psychological skills training interventions for archery players appeared to be the player level and training period. In particular, adult players and longer periods of training had bigger effect sizes. The results of this study demonstrate that psychological skills training for archery players is effective and show that the player level and training period are crucial factors in the psychological skills training design. Based on these findings, some implications for future research are discussed.

Meta-Analysis of the Placebo Effect in Nutritional Supplement Studies of Muscular Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarra Rawdon ◽  
Rick L. Sharp ◽  
Mack Shelley ◽  
Jerry R. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
And Training

This paper is a meta-analysis of the role of nutritional supplements in strength training focusing on the effects of placebo treatments. We address specifically the results from meta-analysis of 334 fi.ndings from 37 studies of the effect of nutritional supplements and physical fitness interventions on strength, stamina, and endurance outcomes, controlling for main effects of the group on which the results were obtained (placebo, treatment, control, for pretest or posttest), with covariates for age, gender, randomization, double-blind procedures, study duration, training load, training frequency, and training status. Finding show that there are significant placebo effects accounting for a substantial portion of the effect size typically associated with treatment interventions. In addition to produce the best evaluations of treatment effects, both control and placebo groups should be included in a double-blind research design using participants who are well familiarized with the study procedures.

The effectiveness of surgical adjunctive procedures in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 146531252098873
Author(s):  
Samer Mheissen ◽  
Haris Khan ◽  
Ahmad Saleem Alsafadi ◽  
Mohammed Almuzian
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Anchorage Loss ◽  
En Masse Retraction

Objective: To identify and evaluate the body of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of surgical adjunctive procedures (SAPs) in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Data sources: Unrestricted search of three electronic databases and manual search up to 12 June 2020 were undertaken. Data selection: All systematic reviews of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials that investigate the effectiveness of the SAPs in accelerating OTM were included. Data extraction: Study selection and data extraction were undertaken independently and in duplicate by two reviewers. A random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was generated for comparable outcomes. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the included studies using AMSTAR2 and GRADE. Results: Fourteen systematic reviews were included; however, four systematic reviews were assessed quantitatively. Meta-analysis showed that mean difference (MD) of canine retraction rate, for the first month after SAPs, was mild (MD = 0.65 mm/month). Compared to control, micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) statistically but temporally accelerate lower canine retraction and en masse retraction by 0.25 mm/month and 0.31 mm/month, respectively. There was no significant effect ( P>0.05) in terms of molar anchorage loss (MAL) between control and MOP groups. Piezocision non-significantly shortens the duration of en masse retraction (4.30 months, P>0.05), but significantly shortens incisors retraction (101.64 days, P<0.001). MAL is mild but significantly less in the piezocision group compared to the control group (MD = 0.53 mm, P=0.03). Low-level evidence showed that SAPs have no significant effect on root resorption or periodontal health; however, piezocision is associated with transient acute inflammation and noticeable scars. Conclusion: Low-level evidence concludes that SAPs accelerate OTMs and reduce treatment duration, but the acceleration is minor and transient. The effect on anchorage loss is variable and technique related. Side effects of SAPs are transient, but some might be aesthetically noticeable. A cost-benefit analysis of SAPs should be considered while making the treatment decision.

scholarly journals 1453Mapping the prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fisaha Tesfay ◽  
Christina Zorbas ◽  
Laura Alston ◽  
Kathryn Backholer ◽  
Steven J. Bowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

Abstract Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing global health challenge disproportionately impacting low- and middle-income settings, including Ethiopia. Currently, the body of evidence describing the burden of NCDs is fragmented, inconsistent, health facility- or institution-based, and out-dated in Ethiopia. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of the prevalence of NCDs in community settings in Ethiopia. Review methodology Community-based quantitative studies published in English between 2012 and July 2020 that reported the prevalence of NCDs in Ethiopia were included. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINHAL, and Global Health using pretested search terms related to NCDs was conducted, and data were extracted using a piloted data extraction proforma adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16. We measured the overall NCD prevalence using pooled odds ratios with 95% CIs. Pooled NCD prevalence was also computed and presented using forest plots. I2 was used to assess heterogeneity. Studies that did not fulfil the criteria for meta-analysis were narratively synthesised. Results Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies measured the prevalence of NCDs (all NCDs together), ranging from 29% to 35% (prevalence estimates not pooled). The pooled prevalence of Diabetes Mellites (DM) across ten studies was 5% (95% CI:4%−7%). Three studies each reported on the prevalence of undiagnosed DM (pooled prevalence 8%, 95% CI: 2%−14%) and pre-DM (pooled prevalence 12%, 95% CI:3%−21%). In a narrative analysis the prevalence of cardiovascular conditions ranged from 13.4% to 32.2% (n = 3 studies), cancer mortality ranged from 4% to 18% (n = 3 studies) and respiratory conditions ranged from 1% to 18% (n = 3 studies). Conclusion and recommendations Our analysis found that approximately one-third of Ethiopians have an NCD, with cardiovascular diseases the most common of all NCDs. The prevalence of respiratory conditions also appears high, but there are insufficient data for a pooled estimate. Whilst the prevalence of DM appears relatively low, there is evidence that the magnitude is increasing. Public health actions to address the high burden of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as the increasing magnitude of DM in Ethiopia, must be prioritised. Keywords: NCD, noncommunicable diseases, Ethiopia.

The interaction between ability and training structure: A meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa K. Kowollik ◽  
Eric A. Day ◽  
Xiaoqian Wang ◽  
Matthew J. Schuelke ◽  
Michael G. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Training Structure ◽  
And Training
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