scholarly journals Sistema Innovador de Cultivos in vitro inoculados con simbiontes rizosférico MVA y bacterias surfactantes como fitoremediador de suelos contaminados con agrotóxicos

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (8.1) ◽  
pp. 174-193
Author(s):  
Francisco Angel Simòn Ricardo
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Glomus Fasciculatum ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
El Alto

La presente innovación se basa en el empleo de cultivos in vitro, (vitro plantas) con la finalidad de propiciar la fitorremediación de suelos contaminados con agrotóxicos, en particular por el uso mantenido de herbicidas, mediante un sistema compuesto por suelo-plantas inoculadas con simbiontes micorizosférico MVA y bacterias surfactantes. En la investigación, se aplicó el herbicida triazínico ametrina de gran persistencia en el suelo y evaluaron tres especies de MVA: Rhizophagus intrarradices; Glomus. fasciculatum y Fummeliformis moseae inoculadas a plántulas de banano (Musa paradisiaca) clon tetraploide FHIAT comercial 0630 en fase de adaptación, incorporando la bacteria productora de agentes surfactantes Pseudomonas fluorescens cepa PsFS520505. Entre los resultados, se comprobó el alto grado de micorrización alcanzado, superior con R. intrarradices (77%) seguido por G. fasciculatum (67%) y F. mosseae (43%). En cambio, la capacidad fitorremediadora del sistema evaluado en fase de alistamiento, resultó más efectivo con G. fasciculatum (60.7%); seguido por R. intrarradices (51.2 %) y F. mosseae (4.2 %). Se realizó la extensión en campo con la mejor variante integral MVA G. fasciculatum, y P. fluorescens lográndose a los 30 días la biodegradación del 38.4 % de la ametrina residual y el 80 % de sobrevivencia de las plantas lo que le confiere trascendental importancia, al demostrarse una vía agroecológica para la integración de la lucha química y el medio ambiente en el contexto del uso de herbicidas. En campo los resultados duplicaron el efecto fitoremediador del sistema logrando biodegradar el 90% del agrotóxico en un plazo de 60 días.

scholarly journals “Cultivos in vitro de plátano bioindicador- fitoremediador de suelos contaminados con agrotóxicos” / “In vitro plantain cultures bioindicator- phytoremediator of soils contaminated with pesticides”

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 4115-4134
Author(s):  
Francisco Ángel Simón Ricardo ◽  
Gonzalo Dierkmeier ◽  
Reynel Mayet Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Fasciculatum ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
El Alto

Se utiliza el cultivo in vitro de plátano (Musa spp.) como bioindicador de ecotoxicidad en experimentos diseñados con la finalidad de aplicar el efecto fitorremediador del sistema suelo-planta-simbiontes micorizosférico MVA ante contaminantes agrotóxicos. En los ensayos, se aplicó el herbicida triazínico Ametrina a la dosis de 2.4 kg i.a./ha y evaluaron tres especies de MVA: Rhizophagus intrarradices; Glomus. fasciculatum y Fummeliformis mosseae inoculadas a vitro plantas de plátano clon comercial 0630 en fase de adaptación. Entre los resultados de impacto, se comprobó el alto grado de micorrización alcanzado, siendo superior con R. intrarradices (77 %) seguido por G. fasciculatum (70 %) y  F. mosseae (14 %); en correspondencia las vitro plantas micorrizadas superaron significativamente los parámetros de crecimiento y desarrollo evaluados (porte, número de hojas y raíces y grosor del tallo y raíces), respecto a las vitro plantas testigo. En cambio, la capacidad fitorremediadora de este sistema resultó más efectivo con G. fasciculatum (21.7 %); seguido por R. intrarradices (14.2 %) y F. mosseae (4.2 %). Se realizó la extensión del experimento en fase de alistamiento de las vitro plantas con la mejor variante integral de las MVA (G. fasciculatum), lográndose a los 30 días la biodegradación del 38.4 % de la Ametrina residual y el 80 % de sobrevivencia de las vitro plantas lo que le confiere trascendental importancia, al demostrarse una vía agroecológica para la integración de la lucha química y el medio ambiente en el contexto del uso de herbicidas.

PERBANDINGAN DAYA HAMBAT BAKTERI Pseudomonas fluorescens ASAL TOMAT, KEDELAI, DAN JAGUNG TERHADAP Ralstonia solanacearum SECARA IN VITRO

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aco Roni Kirihio ◽  
Ivonne Fitria Mariay ◽  
Cipta Meliala
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<em>Inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates the origin of tomato, soybean and corn against Ralstonia solanacearum tested using a completely randomized design (CRD).        P. fluorescens growth was measured at King's B medium by way of suspension antagonist put on filter paper of 0.5 cm in diameter. Inhibition of P. fluorescens is done by placing the antagonist suspension of 0.5 cm diameter filter paper on NA media that has been deployed R. solanacearum. The results showed that: (a) the growth of P. fluorescens origin of tomato, soybean and corn on King's B media were not significantly different, (b) the inhibition of P. fluorescens isolates against R. solanacearum not significantly different and, (c) the inhibition of isolates P. fluorescens origin of tomato, soybean and corn against R. solanacearum in vitro relatively strong</em>

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity and in vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts to pseudomonas fluorescens isolates collected from diseased fish

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Foysal ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
M Alam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Studies were conducted to identify Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates from a collection of bacteria isolated from bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia infected carp and catfish, evaluate their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and screen the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant extracts against the isolates.. A total of 10 isolates were identified as P. fluorescens by morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test of the P. fluorescens isolates were conducted by disc diffusion method for seven antibiotics where, all of the isolates were found to be sensitive only against streptomycin and gentamycin but, most of the isolates (80%) were found resistant to chloramphenicol (C). Moreover, eighty percent of the isolates showed resistance to multiple antibiotics. A total of 118 plant extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against the P. fluorescens isolates where the isolates exhibited sensitivity to 30 samples. Leaf extracts of Tamarindus indicus, Terminalia chebula, Citrus aurantifolia, Eugenia caryophyllata and Spondias pinnata were found to inhibit the growth of all of the P. fluorescens isolates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i4.9733 IJNS 2011 1(4): 82-88

scholarly journals High Frequency Plant Regeneration of Musa paradisiaca cv. Karibale Monthan

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shashi Kumar ◽  
V. Krishna ◽  
. Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Shoot Initiation

High frequency plant regeneration protocol has been standardized from banana cultivar Musa paradisiaca cv. Karibale Monthan, an endemic cultivar of Malnad region of Karnataka. The fruits are used as glomerular protective to solve kidney problems. To minimize the microbial contamination and to promote healthy growth, explants were treated with 70 % absolute alcohol for 6 min, 0.1 % Mercuric chloride for 10 min and 0.2 % for 10 min, 1 % Sodium hypochlorite for 15 min, 0.1 % Cefotaxime for 5 min and 0.05 % Gentamicin for 5 min. The high frequency shoot initiation (93.33 %) was recorded at 5 mg/l BAP. The synergetic effect of BAP (4 to 6 mg/l), TDZ (0.1 to 1.2 mg/l) and coconut water (0.1 to 0.9 ml/l) induced multiple shoot buds and it was optimized at the concentration of 5 mg/l BAP, 0.5 mg/l TDZ and 0.5 ml/l coconut water with 15.90 ± 1.66 frequency of shoots per propagule. Supplementation of 1.0 mg/l IBA induced 5.33 ± 1.21 numbers of roots with a mean root length of 7.50 ± 1.87 roots. The 99% of plantlets with distinct roots and shoots were successfully acclimatized in the green house and transferred to the field to evaluate the agro-morphological variations. The weight of the bunch (kg), number of hands in a bunch, number of fingers in a hand, length of the finger (cm), girth of the finger (cm) and girth of the pseudostem (cm) exhibited by in vitro plants were higher than the in vivo plants.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 202-209 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12536 

scholarly journals Respuesta de biosurfactantes producidos por Pseudomonas fluorescens para el control de la gota de la papa Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary, bajo condiciones controlada.

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Hugo F. Rivera ◽  
Erika P. Martínez ◽  
Jairo A. Osorio ◽  
Edgar Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Potato Late Blight ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
In Vitro Assays

<p>Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, agente causal de la gota de la papa, es considerado la principal limitante de la producción de este cultivo en Colombia. El control habitual del patógeno se realiza con fungicidas de tipo sistémico, que incrementan los costos de producción, pueden inducir la resistencia del patógeno y tiene un impacto negativo en el ambiente. Por tanto, se llevó a cabo este estudio con el propósito de buscar alternativas amigables con el ambiente, que hagan parte de un paquete tecnológico eficaz de control. Dos cepas nativas de Psedomonas fluorescens (039T y 021V), provenientes de cultivos de papa, fueron evaluadas contra P. infestans. Las suspensiones bacterianas y los biosurfactantes parcialmente purificados (BPP), producidos por éstas (obtenidos en medio mínimo de sales con querosén), fueron aplicados sobre foliolos desprendidos en ensayos in vitro y experimentos in vivo en plantas de papa, en condiciones controladas en casa de malla. Los resultados demostraron la capacidad que tienen los biosurfactantes y las suspensiones bacterianas para controlar al patógeno, ya que el BPP 039T logró reducir el nivel de severidad de la enfermedad en 79,9% in vitro y 38,5% in vivo, mientras que el BPP 021V redujo en 78,7% in vitro y 30,2% in vivo. Las suspensiones bacterianas redujeron el nivel de severidad en 72,4% (039T) y 66,1% (021V) en las evaluaciones in vitro y 35% en los experimentos in vivo. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran el potencial que tienen los biosurfactantes para el control de la gota en Colombia.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Evaluation of Biosurfactants Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens for Potato Late Blight Control (Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary) Under Controlled Conditions</strong></p><p>Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, causal agent of potato late blight is considered the main limiting pathogen for the production of this crop in Colombia. The usual control of the disease has been performed with systemic fungicides which increase production costs, can induce pathogen resistance and have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, this study was carried out in order to find effective and environmentally friendly control alternatives for potato late blight. Two Pseudomonas fluorescens native strains (039T and 021V) isolated from potato crops were evaluated against P. infestans. Bacterial suspensions (obtained from minimal salts medium added with kerosene) and partially purified biosurfactants (BPP) were applied on detached leaflets for in vitro assays and on potato plants in greenhouse, for in vivo assays and the measure of inhibitory effect of the disease was assessed. The results showed the ability of P. fluorescens biosurfactants and bacterial suspensions to control the pathogen. BPP 039T was able to reduce the level of severity disease by 79.9% in vitro and 38.5% in vivo, whereas BPP 021V decreased 78.7% in vitro and 30.2% in vivo. Bacterial suspensions reduced the severity level in 72.4% (039T) and 66.1% (021V) in vitro assessments and 35% in the in vivo experiment. These results show the potential of P. fluorescens biosurfactants to control the potato late blight in Colombia.</p>

scholarly journals Rizobacterias con potencial antagonista in vitro a Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Tatiana Chávez Arteaga ◽  
Jefferson Javier Guato Molina ◽  
Jorge Luis Rodríguez Acosta ◽  
Ángel Virgilio Cedeño Moreira ◽  
Ricardo Fernando Romero Meza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽  
Subtilis Atcc ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc ◽  
Pseudomonas Veronii ◽  
Enterobacter Asburiae

El empleo de bio-controladores en la agricultura beneficia los aspectos fisiológicos en plantas, a diferencia de la constante aplicación de pesticidas en el cultivo del banano ha ocasionado la pérdida de la sensibilidad en M. fijiensis, reduciendo la microbiota del suelo. El objetivo se enfocó en caracterizar el potencial antagónico de las PGPR en inhibición de germinación de ascósporas y desarrollo micelial de M. fijiensis. Se realizaron cultivos monospóricos de M. fijiensis e identificado por PCR. Se evaluaron los extractos celulares de Pseudomonas putida PB3-6, Klebsiella variicola BO3-4, Enterobacter asburiae BA4-19, Serratia marcescens PM3-8, Enterobacter asburiae PM3-14, Pseudomonas protegens CHA0, Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS417, Pseudomonas veronii R4 y Bacillus subtilis ATCC 5540 para sus evaluaciones antagonistas: a) Inhibición del tubo germinativo de las ascósporas al 2% y b) Desarrollo micelial al (2 y 10 %). La PCR empleado en la identificación de M. fijiensis se confirma el producto de amplificación de 1018 pb. El factor antagónico de los extractos celulares al 2 % de PM3-14 y CHA0 inhibe sobre el 80 % al desarrollo de los tubos germinativos. La inhibición al desarrollo micelial del extracto celular al 2 %, de CHA0 logró una efectividad del 54 % y las cepas (PM3-8, PM3-14 y BA4-19) con (32, 26 y 26 %). Al 10 % del extracto de la cepa PM3-8 inhibe el desarrollo micelial con niveles de turbidez de 0,47 (OD600nm). El empleo de estos bio-controladores en la agricultura ofrecerá una alternativa para beneficiar en la reducción del uso de agroquímicos

Evaluation of Pseudomonas fluorescens Strains, Fungicides and Non-conventional Chemicals Against Botyrotinia ricini Causing Grey Mold Disease in Castor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-347
Author(s):  
S. Ameer Basha ◽  
◽  
V. Ramya ◽  
A. Sajeli Begum ◽  
G. Raghavendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Grey Mold ◽  
Time Periods

A study was made to evaluate the efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains, fungicides and non-conventional chemicals against Botryotinia ricini, causing grey mold disease in castor, under in vitro conditions. Among the 40 strains isolated from rhizosphere soil samples of different crops across the State of Telangana, India, only eight strains inhibited the growth of B. ricini under dual culture technique, of which strains Pf 21 (90.56%), Pf 23 (88.89%), Pf 34 (86.11%) and Pf 36 (84.17%) were the most effective. Among the seven chemicals (four fungicides and three non-conventional chemicals) tested for their efficacy, carbendazim followed by propiconazole had significant antagonistic effect against B. ricini. Exposure of healthy castor capsules to B. ricini and P. fluorescens for different time periods revealed that strains Pf 34 and Pf 36 were effective in completely inhibiting the growth of B. ricini and hence these two strains have been identified as effective biocontrol agents, on par with carbendazim, which offer scope for sustainable and integrated disease management of grey mold disease in castor.

Secondary Metabolite- and Endochitinase-Dependent Antagonism toward Plant-Pathogenic Microfungi of Pseudomonas fluorescens Isolates from Sugar Beet Rhizosphere

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 3563-3569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Neiendam Nielsen ◽  
Jan Sørensen ◽  
Johannes Fels ◽  
Hans Christian Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Fungal Antagonism ◽  
Lipopeptide Antibiotic

ABSTRACT Forty-seven isolates representing all biovars of Pseudomonas fluorescens (biovars I to VI) were collected from the rhizosphere of field-grown sugar beet plants to select candidate strains for biological control of preemergence damping-off disease. The isolates were tested for in vitro antagonism toward the plant-pathogenic microfungi Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani in three different plate test media. Mechanisms of fungal inhibition were elucidated by tracing secondary-metabolite production and cell wall-degrading enzyme activity in the same media. Most biovars expressed a specific mechanism of antagonism, as represented by a unique antibiotic or enzyme production in the media. A lipopeptide antibiotic, viscosinamide, was produced independently of medium composition by P. fluorescens bv. I, whereas the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol was observed only in glucose-rich medium and only in P. fluorescens bv. II/IV. Both pathogens were inhibited by the two antibiotics. Finally, in low-glucose medium, a cell wall-degrading endochitinase activity in P. fluorescens bv. I, III, and VI was the apparent mechanism of antagonism toward R. solani. The viscosinamide-producing DR54 isolate (bv. I) was shown to be an effective candidate for biological control, as tested in a pot experiment with sugar beet seedlings infested with Pythium ultimum. The assignment of different patterns of fungal antagonism to the biovars of P. fluorescens is discussed in relation to an improved selection protocol for candidate strains to be used in biological control.

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